Localization of immunoreactive HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha in neuroendocrine cells of both benign and malignant prostate glands.
BACKGROUND. Hypoxia induces increased tumor growth by promoting angiogenic and glycolytic pathways. Tumors expressing hypoxia-inducible factor-la (HIF-1 alpha), an important transcriptional activator of oxygen-regulated genes, are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The major challenge in prostate cancer therapy today is to gain a better understanding of the development of hormone-refracto
