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Tvister mellan arbetsgivare och arbetstagarparter är ett ständigt pågående fenomen och vilken parts mening som gäller till dess tvisten slutligt prövats är av betydelse och utgör denna uppsats frågeställningar. Den tillfälliga bestämmanderätten benämns tolkningsföreträde och uppsatsen syftar till att tydliggöra dess konstruktion, sanktionssystem, funktion och inverkan på arbetsledningsrätten. UtgåDisputes between employers and employee parties is a recurring phenomenon and which party´s opinion applies until the dispute is finally settled is of relevance and constitutes the purpose of this essay. The temporary authority of decision is known as preferential right of interpretation and this essay aims at clarifying its construction, sanctions, function and how it affects the employer´s manag

In order to build an efficient transportation system of the future, public transport needs to be an attractive alternative offering a high quality travel experience. Future digital information systems for public buses will enrich the travelers experience by delivering relevant content - accurately on the right time and place. In this master thesis, design and implementation of an improved bus posi

Title: Underprissättning på den svenska marknaden - går den att förutspå? Seminar date: 2019-06-04 Course: FEKH89, Bachelor Degree Project in Financial Management, 15 ECTS Authors: Ebba Halvarsson, Erika Langåker och Sigrid Jonsson Advisor: Maria Gårdängen Keywords: Underpricing, Initial public offering, Ex ante, Nasdaq Stockholm, Nasdaq First North, Multiple regression, Asymmetric information Pur

Electricity differs from other commodities in that it cannot be stored. This non-storability characteristic results in traditional pricing methods for commodities not being applicable for electricity. An alternative pricing method is therefore needed and the solution is the Hourly Price Forward Curve (HPFC). The HPFC essentially gives the prices as of today for the delivery of electricity at each

Recent public opinion research and elite deliberation has established a particular interest in galvanizing an EU army to better enforce a sense of integration, stability and strengthin the Union. This article proposes an alternative mechanism, privileging Richard Rosecrance’s concept of the ‘virtual state’ as anequally important and worthyfactor contributing to all those aspects. The fourdefining

The five Nordic countries have been comparable for a longer period of time. One aspect that isgoing to be studied in this research is if the different pension reform processes lead to the similaroutcome, which explains the success of approving a policy proposal. 20 pension reform cases inthe Nordics have been selected, which is based on the fact that they are different from oneanother.By using the

I november 2019 tillsattes en särskild utredare som fått i uppdrag att analysera om det finns ett behov och är lämpligt att införa ett så kallat kronvittnessystem. Med kronvittne avses en misstänkt som genom att medverka i utredningen av annans brottslighet går fri från straff eller får en mildare påföljd. Ett av de största argumenten mot ett kronvittnessystem är svårigheterna vid bevisvärderingenIn November 2019, a special investigator was given the assignment to analyze if there is a need to introduce a so called crown witness system in Sweden. A crown witness is a suspect that receives a reduced sentence for participating in the investigation or testifying of another´s criminal act. One of the biggest arguments against such a system is the difficulty to evaluate the credibility of a tes

I vårdnad, boende och umgängesmål ska domstolen ta hänsyn till barnets vilja, som ett led i bedömningen av barnets bästa. Bedömningen försvåras dock ibland av att barn uttrycker sig på ett sätt som egentligen inte representerar deras verkliga vilja. Vad de uttrycker är istället ett resultat av påverkan från en förälder. Att barn i viss mån påverkas av sina föräldrar när de separerar är oundvikligtIn court cases concerning custody, residence and the child’s visitation rights to a parent, an assessment of what lies in the best interest of the child is made. According to the Parental Code, the court must consider the will of the child in order to make a proper assessment. However, the assessment is complicated by the fact that, sometimes, what children express is inconsistent with their actua

In football, as well as in most sports, the question about politics being within it are highly debated. Questions related to nationalism, homophobia, racism, and sexism are all seen as permeating the sport. This is simultaneously topics that is facing resistance, especially through anti-racism-, and pro-LGBTQ+ campaigns. Although, the question remains, and football organisations are trying to deal

Power consumption has become a leading concern for SoC aimed at 5G products that demand increased functionality, smaller form factors, and low energy footprint. For some EMCA IP blocks a hierarchical clock gating mechanism ensures coarse-grained power savings based on actual processing need but for many blocks this approach cannot be employed. This implies that these blocks have to rely on a high

Sexhandel förekommer i alla kulturer och samhällen. Trots det har detta område visat sig vara nästintill omöjligt att på ett oproblematiskt vis integrera i länders lagstiftning. En konvergent lagstiftning mellan olika områden är grundläggande för att ett lands rättssystem ska fungera. Sexhandeln är ett politiskt, moraliskt och ideologiskt ämne vilket medför komplikationer när lagstiftningsarbete kSex work occurs in all cultures and societies. Nevertheless, this area has proved almost impossible to integrate into a countries’ legislation in an unproblematic way. Convergent legislation between different areas is fundamental for the functioning of a country’s legal system. The sex trade is a political, moral and ideological subject, which entails complications when legislative work on the sub

We discuss new diffractive mechanism of central exclusive production of W+W- pairs in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. We include diagrams with intermediate virtual Higgs boson as well as quark box diagrams. Several observables related to this process are calculated. Predictions for the total cross section and differential distributions in W-boson rapidity and transverse momentum as well as WW

Palsa mires, nutrient poor permafrost peatlands common in subarctic regions, store a significant amount of carbon (C) and it has been hypothesized their net ecosystem C balance (NECB) is sensitive to climate change. Over two years we measured the NECB for Stordalen palsa mire and found it to accumulate 46 g C m(-2) yr(-1). While Stordalen NECB is comparable to nutrient poor peatlands without perma

A generic protocol for the creation of material-mediated self-assembled patterns of streptavidin, defined solely by patterns of gold and SiO2, is presented. Protein-adsorption resistance of selected regions was obtained by material-specific adsorption of thiol-modified poly(ethylene)glycol (thiol-PEG) on gold followed by adsorption of poly-L-lysine (PLL) modified PEG (PLL-g-PEG) on SiO2. Selective

The images of commercial potato chips were evaluated for various colour and textural features to characterize and classify the appearance and to model the quality preferences of a group of consumers. Features derived from the image texture contained better information than colour features to discriminate both the quality categories of chips and consumers' preferences. Entropy of a* and V and energ

Lysozyme (Lyz), chymotrypsinogen (Cht), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were used as model proteins capable of forming water-soluble polyelectrolyte complexes with linear synthetic polyanions. The complex formation with sodium poly(methacrylate) (PMA), sodium poly(acrylate) (PAA), sodium poly(anetholsulfonate) (PAS), and potassium poly(vinylsulfate) (PVS) markedly reduced the

Beta-blockers (bisoprolol, metoprolol succinate, carvedilol, and to some extent nebivolol), given on top of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, improve survival and reduce morbidity in symptomatic stable chronic heart failure (CHF). Early beta-blockade may help to improve survival and especially prevent sudden death, but the usual practice of starting the ACE inhibitor first may lead t

Knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms governing the influence of non-coding RNAs on protein production has emerged rapidly during the past decade. Today, two main research areas can be identified, one oriented toward the use of artificially introduced siRNAs for manipulation of gene expression, and the other one focused on the function of endogenous miRNAs. In both cases, the active molecu

In this article, we review recent theoretical work that has complemented the extensive experimental data available for multicopper oxidases (MCO) and led to the elucidation of the reaction mechanism of this class of enzymes. The MCOs couple four one-electron oxidations of substrates at the mononuclear type 1 copper (Cu-T1) site with the four-electron reduction of dioxygen at the trinuclear copper

Objectives: We evaluated a method for gas monitoring in the mastoid cavity using tunable diode laser spectroscopy by comparing it to simultaneously obtained computed tomographic (CT) scans. Methods: The presented optical technique measures free gases, oxygen (O2), and water vapor (H2O) within human tissue by use of low-power diode lasers. Laser light was sent into the tip of the mastoid process