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We study the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of uracil excited to the first bright pi pi* state (S-2) by an ultrafast laser pulse in the deep ultraviolet (central wavelength lambda(0) = 260 nm). With a unique combination of strong field dissociative ionization measurements, state of the art strong field ionization calculations, and high level ab initio calculations of excited neutral and ionic state

The few-picosecond (ps) decay of terahertz (THz) photoconductivity typically observed for conjugated polymer:fullerene blends (at excitation fluencies ∼10(15) photons/cm(2) per pulse) is shown to be a result of charge pair annihilation for two polymer:PCBM blends. At a factor of 100 lower excitation density, the THz decay is in the hundreds of ps time scale, implying that very high carrier mobilit

Chlorosomes are the largest and most efficient natural light-harvesting systems and contain supramolecular assemblies of bacteriochlorophylls that are organized without proteins. Despite a recent structure determination for chlorosomes from Chlorobaculum tepidum (Ganapathy et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009, 106, 8525), the issue of a possible large structural disorder is still discussed co

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att bär är nyttigt är ett påstående som de flesta känner igen. På butikshyllorna trängs våra nordiska bär med exotiska ”superbär” som utlovar att göra oss friska. Men vilka hälsoeffekter kan egentligen uppnås genom att äta bär? Är vissa bär mer nyttiga än andra? Forskningsresultaten som presenteras i denna avhandling visar att lingon, svarta vinbär och blåbär kan motverThe increasing prevalence of obesity is a worldwide health problem closely linked to diet and lifestyle factors. Obesity is associated with increased risk of several metabolic disorders including insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Hence, there is a great need to identify dietary strategies for the prevention of obesity and related diseases. This thesis invest

Adsorption of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) on well-characterized hematite, maghemite and goethite nanopartides was studied by in situ DRIFT spectroscopy as a model system for adsorption of organophosphorous (OP) compounds on iron minerals. The iron minerals were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

BackgroundPreservatives are important and frequent skin sensitizers, found in a wide range of products for personal and occupational use. According to the European legislation, some cosmetic ingredients are restricted in terms of quantity and a detailed list of ingredients must be present on the product or packaging. ObjectivesTo examine the use of preservatives in common cosmetics on the Israeli

Bone marrow-derived natural killer (NK) cells constitute the major subset of cytotoxic lymphocytes in peripheral blood. They provide innate defense against intracellular infection or malignancy and contribute to immune homeostasis. Large numbers of NK cells are also present in tissues, including the liver and uterus, where they can mediate immunosurveillance but also play important roles in tissue

The Heat Flux method was extended for the first time towards liquid fuels and used to determine burning velocities under conditions when the net heat loss from the flame to the burner is zero. Non-stretched flames were stabilized on a perforated plate burner at 1 atm. Uncertainties of the measurements were analyzed and assessed experimentally. The overall accuracy of the burning velocities was est

A human milk fraction containing multimeric alpha-lactalbumin (MAL) is able to kill cells via apoptosis. MAL is a protein complex of a folding variant of alpha-lactalbumin and lipids. Previous results have shown that upon treatment of transformed cells, MAL localizes to the mitochondria and cytochrome c is released into the cytosol. This is followed by activation of the caspase cascade. In this st

This paper concerns the history of medicine, particularly formal medieval medicine in the Islamic cultural sphere. It focusses on the 9th century physician Qusta ibn Luqa and his production, and includes a survey of the contents of a hitherto unpublished Arabic treatise, attributed to Qusta ibn Luqa, on dental-nerve dysfunction.

The morphology, structure, and reactivity of vanadium oxide-decorated Pd(111) surfaces, which have been subjected to oxidation and reduction treatments, have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS) with synchrotron radiation combined with ab initio density fun

Isotropic and anisotropic ESR spectra were observed for the radical anions of hexafluorocyclobutene (c-C4F6-), octafluorocyclopentene (c-C5F8-) and perfluoro-2-butene (CF3CFCFCF3-) in γ-irradiated plastically crystalline neopentane, tetramethylsilane (TMS) and TMS-d12 matrices, or the rigid 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) matrix. The isotropic spectra of c-C4F6- and c-C5F8- are characterized by thr

The breakdown of traditional marine tenure systems and overexploitation of marine organisms as a result of rapid modernization, urbanization and population growth in the case of Tonga is outlined. The customary marine tenure system is described and the threats against the coral reefs are discussed. It is shown how accumulative strategies correlate with the move toward overexploitation. It is argue

The interaction between the dye cis-bis(4,4‘-dicarboxy-2,2‘-bipyridine)-bis(isothiocyanato)-ruthenium(II), Ru(dcbpyH2)2(NCS)2, and nanostructured ZnO was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) using synchrotron radiation. The results are compared with those of nanostructured TiO2 sensitized with the same dye, which to date is the most efficient system for dye-sensitized photoelectrochemi

Fashion's universal nature does not preclude strong variations in its significance from society to society. As a stratification variable, fashion's importance increases in step with economic growth. Simmel sees the ‘need for distinction’ and the ‘need for union’ as preconditions for fashion, with certain societies lacking the necessary motivation. Variations in fashion's importance have also been