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När ett samboförhållande upphör genom den ena sambons död har den efterlevande sambon oftast ett lagstadgat ekonomiskt skydd. Detta gäller i samtliga skandinaviska länder. Uppsatsen syftar till att jämföra efterlevandeskyddet för sambor i Sverige, Norge och Danmark, eftersom skyddet i dessa länder skiljer sig åt. I Sverige har efterlevande sambor rätt att begära bodelning. Sambor med gemensamma bWhen cohabitation ceases by the death of one of the cohabitants, the surviving cohabitant usually has a statutory right to some financial protection. This applies to all Scandinavian countries. The purpose of this thesis is to compare the financial protection that surviving cohabitants have in Sweden, Norway and Denmark, since the protection in these countries differs. In Sweden, a cohabitant who

Reglerna om näringsbetingade andelar medger skattefrihet på utdelning och kapitalvinst. Genom lagstiftning 2003 utvidgades regelverket som tidigare endast hade omfattat utdelning under vissa givna förutsättningar, till att även omfatta kapitalvinster. Syftet med regeländringen var framför allt att undvika kedjebeskattning i bolagssektorn. En andel är näringsbetingad om den ägs av en association soUnder the Swedish participation exemption regime, dividends and capital gains are tax-exempt under the assumption that the shares are held for business reasons. Shares will be considered held for business reasons provided that the holding meets certain requirements while the shares are held in either a corporation or an economic association. The purpose behind the participation exemption regime is

Lately, there has been a world-wide increase in the awareness of animal cruelty e.g. in the entertainment business, meat industry, in the scientific community, and among people in general. This has called for a scrutiny of how we treat animals and in the scientific community it has stimulated research to reduce animal experiment. Experimental systems usually considered animal cruelty free, like ce

The existence of workable competition in the marketplace is a fundamental part of a free market economy. Competition is believed to bring many posi­tive effects to both society and the marketplace by ensuring that products and services held in demand are placed on the market at a price that con­sumers are willing to pay. Furthermore, competition results in product effi­ciency. Competing companies

Konflikten mellan den personliga integriteten och rättsväsendets möjligheter att använda olika typer av hemliga tvångsmedel är en klassisk fråga inom juridiken. En fråga som jag anser har fått för lite uppmärksamhet är dock hur den moderna datortekniken påverkar den diskussionen. I min uppsats har jag därför fokuserat på tre områden. För det första har jag undersökt hur flera hemliga tvångsmedel,The conflict between the personal integrity and the judiciary’s ability to use different kinds of secret coercive means is a classic question within the school of law. A question, which I believe has gotten too little attention, is how modern computer technology affects this discussion. In my paper, I have therefore focused on three areas. First, I have researched how several secret coercive mean

FN-stadgans våldsförbud sätter upp ett absolut förbud mot våldsanvändning stater emellan, och endast en situation av självförsvar eller med mandat från säkerhetsrådet kan en stat få rätt att göra undantag från förbudet. Detta till trots finns det många exempel på fall av våldshandlingar som går utanför förbudets ramar, så kallade humanitära interventioner, och man har i dessa situationer hänvisat The UN Charter sets up an absolute prohibition on the use of force between states, and only a situation of self-defense or a mandate from the Security Council can give the right to make exceptions to the ban. Despite this, there are many examples of cases of violence that goes beyond the prohibition framework, so-called humanitarian interventions, and to justify those operations references to inte

Det kan antas vara svårt för en domare att granska sakkunnigbevisning utan att själv besitta samma kunskap som den sakkunnige. Syftet med denna uppsats är att ta reda på hur rätten går tillväga för att granska sakkunnigbevisning och att undersöka hur denna granskning eventuellt skulle kunna förbättras. Särskilt fokus riktas mot situationer då fler sakkunniga presenterar motstridiga uppgifter i samIt can be assumed that it is a difficult task for a judge to evaluate expert evidence, while not possessing the required specialist knowledge. The purpose with this thesis is to examine how the court evaluates expert evidence and how that evaluation could be improved, particularly in situations where several experts present contradictory positions on the same issue. By researching legal literatur

How tight junctions are affected in a Multiple Sclerosis model In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), unusual immune cells of unknown origin, which are supposed to protect us from infections, attack the central nervous system (CNS). Their main target is the myelin shield surrounding neuronal axons, which is essential for proper transmission of neuronal signals. These autoreactive cells can enter the CNS thr

Det anses enligt många entreprenadrättsjurister föreligga en rätt till avbeställning för beställaren i ett entreprenadavtal. Emellertid regleras inte avbeställning uttryckligen i AB 04, det standardavtal som tillämpas på en överhängande majoritet av entreprenadavtalen i Sverige. Avsikten med förevarande framställning är därför att analysera hur en domstol skulle bedöma en konfliktsituation där rätAccording to several construction law attorneys there seems to exist a right for the buyer to cancel an order according to a construction contract. However, the right of cancellation is not expressively regulated in AB 04, the standard form contract applicable to the vast majority of the construction contracts in Sweden. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to examine how a Swedish court would

The accession to the European Union was based on the financial gains that could be made on the single market. When acceding the Union the Member States gave up parts of their state sovereignty. This statement is not unproblematic. My thesis touches on the posting of workers. Since the adoption of the new Enforcement Directive on the Posting of Workers Directive, two reports on the Swedish impleme

Mänskliga rättigheter och internationell humanitär rätt har traditionellt betraktats som två skilda rättsområden. i dag är mänskliga rättigheter emellertid universellt tillämpliga, även under väpnade konflikter. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning Europadomstolen tillämpat eller tagit hänsyn till internationell humanitär rätt i sina domar. Vad som visas är att EuropadInternational human rights law and international humanitarian law are traditionally two distinct branches of law, one dealing with the protection of individuals, the other with the conduct of parties to an armed conflict. There is today a recognition that international human rights law is applicable in situations of armed conflict, in parallel with international humanitarian law. The aim of this M

I förevarande undersökning behandlas likhetsprincipen och generalklausulerna i ABL. Likhetsprincipen innebär att ett bolags aktier som huvudregel ska ha lika rätt i bolaget medan generalklausulerna förbjuder vissa åtgärder som är ägnade att ge en otillbörlig fördel åt en aktieägare eller någon annan till nackdel för bolaget eller någon annan aktieägare. Föreställningen om att aktier och aktieägareThis thesis analyses the equality principle and the general clauses in the Companies Act (Sw. aktiebolagslag (2005:551)). The equality principle states, as main rule, that all shares shall carry equal rights in the company whereas the general clauses prohibit certain measures which are likely to provide an undue advantage to a shareholder or another person to the disadvantage of the company or any

The City of Stockholm can be characterized as evolving and changing while simultaneously, the region is being affected by climate change in accordance to RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. According to climate scenarios one of the effects of a changing climate in the region of Stockholm is an increase in precipitation and changes in precipitation patterns. This has prompted an interest in acquiring an in-depth

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) can be defined as strategic processes encouraging entrepreneurial actions to support businesses in recognizing and exploiting new opportunities. Previous studies have shown that businesses with higher levels of EO, characterized through actions that are innovative, proactive and risk-affine, perform better than the ones that lack such orientation. Therefore, EO is

Rätten till grundskola har blivit föremål för reglering i internationella instrument rörande mänskliga rättigheter såväl som i EU-lagstiftning. För de EU-migranter som lagligt utnyttjar sin rätt till fri rörlighet i maximalt tre månader är existensen av rätten till utbildning i den mottagande medlemsstaten dock oklart och syftet med den här studien är att undersöka huruvida en sådan rätt finns i dThe right to primary education has been subject to regulation in both international human rights law and EU law. However, the right to education in the host state for EU migrants who lawfully exercise their freedom of movement, for a maximum of three months, is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether such a right exists in this particular circumstance. EU legislation explicitly

The word “desertification” was introduced in 1949 by the French scientist Aubreville in his report “Climats, forêts et désertification de l´Afrique tropicale”. The concept, however, was discussed earlier by European and American scientists in terms of increased sand movements, desiccation, desert and Sahara encroachment and man made deserts. Desertification, at the beginning of last century, mea

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avsikten med denna avhandling är att förstå de viktiga begreppsmässiga och operativa utmaningar som internationella biståndsgivare, liksom offentliga och privata institutioner, möter när man utformar och genomför alternativa former av sociala bostadsfinansiering som skall vara inkluderande för den fattiga urbana befolkningen. Avhandllingen försöker besvara tre frågor, bThe purpose of the thesis is to further understand key conceptual and operational challenges that international aid donors, and public and private institutions, face while designing and implementing alternative forms of social housing finance which aim to be inclusive for the urban poor. Based on an in-depth study of the work of the Foundation for the Promotion of Local Development (PRODEL) in thr

Languages differ with respect to which element they select as the subject in passive of ditransitive verbs: either the active indirect object (the goal argument) or the active direct object (the theme argument). In standard American English, e.g., only the goal argument may be promoted, as shown by the difference between (1b) and (1c). (1) a. John gave Mary a red bike yesterday. b. Mary was give

DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a holoenzyme consisting of a regulatory subunit, the heterodimeric Ku70/86, and a catalytic subunit known as DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). DNA-PK takes part in a number of cellular functions including growth control, immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and DNA repair. The Ku86 subunit of DNA-PK has been reported to exist in human