Sökresultat

Somatic evolution selects cancer cell phenotypes that maximize survival and proliferation in dynamic environments. Although cancer cells are molecularly heterogeneous, we hypothesized convergent adaptive strategies to common host selection forces can be inferred from patterns of epigenetic and genetic evolutionary selection in similar tumors. We systematically investigated gene mutations and expre

Backround: We wanted to characterize conditional survival in prostate cancer (PC) in Sweden around and after 2005 when the vast increase in incidence due to the opportunistic testing for prostate specific antigen (PSA) culminated. We hypothesize that analyzing survival data during that time period may help interpret survival trends. We focus on stage-specific analysis using conditional survival in

"Storsjöodjuret”, eller “The Great Lake Monster”, är ett undflyende fenomen i sjön Storsjön, belägen i landskapet Jämtland i norra Sverige. Denna avhandling i ämnet humanekologi undersöker hur det sammankopplingar av det sociala, det kulturella, det historiska och det lokala påverkar formandet av detta svenska kryptid, eller “dolda djur”. Syftet med studien är att visa hur detta vetenskapligt ännuStorsjöodjuret, or The Great Lake Monster, is an elusive phenomenon in lake Storsjön, situated in the province of Jämtland in Northern Sweden. This dissertation in Human Ecology investigates how the intricate web of the social, the cultural, the historical, and the local influence the shaping of this Swedish cryptid, or “hidden animal”. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate how this scientifi

To identify credible causal risk variants (CCVs) associated with different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we performed genome-wide association analysis for 470,825 genotyped and 10,163,797 imputed SNPs in 25,981 EOC cases and 105,724 controls of European origin. We identified five histotype-specific EOC risk regions (p value <5 × 10−8) and confirmed previously reported associations

Background Ozone is a pollutant known to cause adverse effects on human health. It is formed by reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbons under the influence of sunlight. In urban areas ozone is consumed oxidating nitrogen oxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Despite the potential to cause adverse health effects, the local spatial distribution of ozone and the relationship between

Introduction: Patients requiring postcardiotomy veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A-ECMO) have a high risk of early mortality. In this analysis, we evaluated whether any interinstitutional difference exists in the results of postcardiotomy V-A-ECMO. Methods: Studies on postcardiotomy V-A-ECMO were identified through a systematic review for individual patient data (IPD) meta-anal

Context. 55 Cnc e is an ultra-short period super-Earth transiting a Sun-like star. Previous observations in the optical range detected a time-variable flux modulation that is phased with the planetary orbital period, whose amplitude is too large to be explained by reflected light and thermal emission alone. Aims. The goal of the study is to investigate the origin of the variability and timescale o

Introduction: Quantifying inert gas wash-out is crucial to understanding the pathophysiology of decompression sickness. In this study, we developed a portable closed-circuit device for measuring inert gas wash-out and validated its precision and accuracy both with and without human subjects. Methods: We developed an exhalate monitor with sensors for volume, temperature, water vapor and oxygen. Ine

PURPOSE: The primary care physician's traditional patient contacts are challenged by the rapidly accelerating digital transformation. In a quantitative survey analysis based on the theory of planned behavior, we found high behavioral intention to use telemedicine among Swedish primary care physicians, but low reported use. The aim of this study was to further examine the physicians' experiences re

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the effect of lockdowns on COVID-19 mortality based on available empirical evidence. Lockdowns are defined as the imposition of at least one compulsory, non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI). We employ a systematic search and screening procedure in which 19,646 studies are identified that could potentially address the purpose

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by the development of a specific anti-platelet autoantibody immune response mediating the development of thrombocytopenia. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of a wide variety of autoantibodies. In 15-20% of SLE cases, patients develop thrombocytopenia which appears to be autoimmune

AIMS: According to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), adding a P2Y12 inhibitor or rivaroxaban to aspirin should be considered in high-risk patients. We estimated the proportion of patients eligible for treatment with the ESC criteria and examined if a recently validated risk score (CHADS-P2A2RC) could improve risk prediction. METHODS AND R

OBJECTIVES: To define the clinical spectrum time-course and prognosis of non-Asian patients positive for anti-MDA5 antibodies.METHODS: We conducted a multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study.RESULTS: 149 anti-MDA5 positive patients (median onset age 53 years, median disease duration 18 months), mainly females (100, 67%), were included. Dermatomyositis (64, 43%) and amyopathic dermato

People with a refugee background are at significantly increased risk of mental health difficulties, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There is a large evidence base showing that trauma-focused psychological treatments for PTSD are effective. However, the majority of trials do not include refugees and less is known about how refugees respond to treatment. The present report explores

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes progressive decline of cognition and function. There is a lack of systematic literature reviews on prognostic and predictive factors in its early clinical stages (eAD), i.e., mild cognitive impairment due to AD and mild AD dementia. Objective: To identify prognostic factors affecting eAD progression and predictive factors for treatment efficacy and safet

Groundwater contamination is a threat to drinking water resources and ecosystems. Remediation by injection of chemical reagents into the aquifer may be preferred to excavation to reduce cost and environmental footprint. Yet, successful remediation requires complete contact between contamination and reagents. Subsurface heterogeneities are often responsible for diffusion into low-permeable zones, w

Patients with Wilms tumor (WT) in general have excellent survival, but the prognosis of patients belonging to the subgroup of WT with diffuse anaplasia (DA) is poor due to frequent resistance to chemotherapy. We hypothesized that DA WT cells might undergo changes, such as acquiring a persistent tolerance to DNA damage and copy number aberrations (CNAs), which could eventually lead to their resista

The skin microbiome undergoes dynamic changes during different phases of wound healing, however the role of bacteria in the wound healing process remains poorly described. In this study, we aimed to determine how wound bacteria develop over time in epidermal wounds, and how they interact with inflammatory processes during wound healing. To this end, we analyzed wound fluid and swab samples collect

Background: Pandemics are linked with declining birth rates, but little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced childbearing decisions. We aimed to investigate the associations between the COVID-19 pandemic and reproductive decisions, specifically to identify potential changes in the frequency of deliveries and induced abortions in Skåne, Sweden. Methods: Using the Skåne Healthcare