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AbstractAim The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the treatment and follow-up of patients undergoing hypospadias surgery at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, in an attempt to improve the overall care of these patients. It also aimed to investigate the tissue properties of the urethral plate and deep chordee in hypospadias patients with signifiAbstractAim The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the treatment and follow-up of patients undergoing hypospadias surgery at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, in an attempt to improve the overall care of these patients. It also aimed to investigate the tissue properties of the urethral plate and deep chordee in hypospadias patients with signifi

Mitochondria are essential for early cardiac development and impaired regulation of mitochondrial function was implicated in congenital heart diseases. We described a newborn girl with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and profound hearing loss. The mtDNA mutational analysis revealed the presence of known polymorphisms associated to cardiomyopathy and/or hearing loss, and 2 novel heteroplasmic mutations

BACKGROUND The efficacy and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in preventing high-grade cervical lesions have been shown. However, data to inform the relationship between quadrivalent HPV vaccination and the subsequent risk of invasive cervical cancer are lacking. METHODS We used nationwide Swedish demographic and health registers to follow an open population of 1

BACKGROUND: Permanent pacemaker implantation (PPM) early after cardiac transplantation has been shown not to predict a worse outcome. However, the requirement for pacing late after transplantation and its prognostic implications are not fully known. We describe the clinical indications, risk factors and long-term outcome in patients who required pacing early and late after transplantation.METHODS:

Background and purpose — The annual number of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) has increased worldwide in recent years. To make projections regarding future needs for primaries and revisions, additional knowledge is important. We analyzed and compared the incidences among 4 Nordic countries Patients and methods — Using Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) data from 4 countries, we analy

The great chemist Glenn Seaborg has written a delightful little book "Man-made Transuranium Elements", published in 1963, in which he points out that: "The former basic criterion for the discovery of a new element - namely, chemical identification and separation from all previously-known elements - had to be changed in the case of lawrencium (element 103). This also may be true for elements beyond

Proper and efficient renovation requires understanding the behavior of existing buildings and of different building materials. Analyzing hygrothermal measurements in two case studies, one with and the other without an internally added thermal insulation system, enabled us to identify factors of critical importance for further assessment through simulations, and to validate a hygrothermal simulatio

In the 17th century, especially after the Thirty Years War, Sweden was engaged with demonstrating and presenting itself as the new great power it had become. Particularly the visual culture was a fine way to express the royal desires and ambitions, and what better way to show Sweden’s new age of greatness than through medals, the baroque business card.I strive to illustrate the significance of med

Background: The risk of dementia is increased in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective: To study relevant co-morbidities and incident dementia (vascular dementia, Alzheimers disease, other dementia and all dementia) in AF patients. Methods: All adults (n = 537,513) ≥45 years diagnosed with AF in hospitals in Sweden 1998–2012 were included. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard rat

Kristoffer Magnusson Pollinering av blommor utanför hagmarker Det senaste århundradet har den biologiska mångfalden i jordbrukslandskapet minskat markant på grund av den ökade intensiteten i jordbruket. Vad som fanns tidigare var ett mer lågintensivt jordbruk med traditionella verktyg och metoder. Detta lågintensiva jordbruk skapade otroligt artrika ängar och hagmarker i jordbrukslandskapet. EfThe aim of this study is to examine the spillover effects of diversity in insect pollinated plants in the vicinity of semi-natural grasslands, if the biodiversity in plants is increased as a result of being close to pastures and if a local environmental support has an effect on its surroundings. As agricultural intensification reduces biodiversity and contributes to habitat degradation, studies on

En ovisshet om ett rättsfaktums existens löser domstolarna oftast med att ena parten åläggs en bevisbörda. Det finns ett antal olika teorier och principer för bevisbördeplacering. När ett rättsfaktum utgörs av ett visst påstått avtalsinnehåll har HD emellertid i vissa fall, utan motivering, använt sig av avtalstolkning istället för en bevisbörderegel. Syftet med förevarande uppsats är därför dels The Swedish courts usually solve uncertainties regarding dispositive facts by using the burden of proof. There is no comprehensive, universal principle that is applicable in all cases; instead there are a number of different theories and principles. When a dispositive fact is made up of a certain alleged contractual content, the Swedish Supreme Court sometimes interprets the contract instead of u

På grund av den pågående flyktingkrisen har ett exceptionellt stort antal flyktingar anlänt till EU:s gränser. Medlemsländerna som ligger i frontlinjen, som Grekland och Italien, har utsatts för ett oerhört stort högt migrationstryck. För hanteringen av denna situation antog rådet, med beaktande av EU-kommissions förslag, två beslut för omplaceringen av 160 000 personer i tydligt behov av internatDue to the current refugee crisis, has an exceptionally large number of refugees arrived in the borders of the EU. The member countries that are in the front line, such as Greece and Italy, have been subjected to an unprecedented high migratory pressure. For the handling of this situation, the Council adopted two decisions for the resettlement of 160,000 people in obvious need of international pro

Många av våra städer har problem med luftföroreningar och det har visat sig orsaka en hel del skador på människors hälsa. Det finns olika typer av luftföroreningar, vissa är gasformiga luftföroreningar som NOx eller marknära ozon och andra luftföroreningar partiklar. NOx bildas vid höga temperaturer från förbränningsprocesser som i en bilmotor. Marknära ozon form i kombination med NOx, kolväten ocMany of our cities have problems with air pollution and it have been shown to cause a lot of damage to human health. There are different kinds of air pollution, some are gaseous air pollutions like NOx or ground-level ozone and other air pollutions are particles. NOx forms in high temperatures from combustion processes like in a car motor. Ground-level ozone form in combination with NOx, hydrocarb

The etiology of epileptic seizures is not completely understood. Literature results estimate that the main reason for epileptiform activity is a shift in the fine-tuned balance between excitation and inhibition in neural circuits, leading to hyperexcitability. Normal brain function is dependent on local inhibitory GABAergic input of interneurons on pyramidal cells. GABAergic interneurons and loss

Denna uppsats är en kvalitativ aktionsstudie som genom intervjuer undersöker hur lärare och elever på ett estetiskt program resonerar kring och definierar begreppet “personligt uttryck” samt vad de tänker ska utföras för att uppfylla kunskapskravet innehållande begreppet. Detta i syfte att öka kunskapen i huruvida samsyn råder eller inte, öka förståelsen kring hur eleverna definierar och resonerarThis essay is a qualitative action study that through interviews studies how teachers and students in an aesthetics program in highschool defines and thinks about the term “personal expression” and what the student should do to meet the expectations for fulfilling the requirements concerning that particular grade. The purpose is to increase the knowledge about what differences and similarities the

This paper evaluates whether a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach can be implemented, on the Swedish stock market, to optimize a portfolio. The objective is to create and train two DRL algorithms that can construct portfolios that will be benchmarked against the market portfolio, tracking OMXS30, and the two conventional methods, the naive portfolio, and minimum variance portfolio. We eval

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy trading in microgrids is an innovative solution to local energy problems where consumers produce and sell their energy to their neighbours. The idea of a microgrid-based local energy trading enables decentralised energy system and strengthens consumers' participation. In the context of developing countries, microgrids play an important role in securing the mere access

Den där blomman är min! Det är juni. Vart man än vänder blicken är det grönt och blommorna står som vackra färgklickar i allt det gröna. Fjärilar, bin och andra insekter surrar omkring bland blommorna i jakt på föda. Det myllrar av liv och olika arter. Men vart ifrån kommer egentligen all den mångfald av växter och insekter som vi ser? För att förstå biodiversiteten runtomkring oss och hur olikaA significant proportion of the diversity of species seen today are insects and their host plants, and the evolutionary mechanisms behind their radiation have long captured the interest of biologists. The peacock flies of the large genus Tephritis (Tephritidae) use different host plants in the family Asteraceae for their reproduction. There is variation both in use of host plant species and in the

Despite all of the detrimental effects predicted in the event of non-action regarding climate change, a large number of people in the Global North are in a state of social inertia and openly criticise climate change mitigation (CCM) and climate change adaptation (CCA) measures. Most explanatory approaches of this phenomenon do not question the basic beliefs that our system is based on in their ana