Filtyp
Background: Acute bacterial meningitis is a bacterial infection of the membranes that surround and protect the brain, known as the meninges. The primary therapy for bacterial meningitis is antibiotics and corticosteroids. Although these therapies significantly improve outcomes, bacterial meningitis still has a high risk of death and a high risk of neurological sequelae in survivors. New adjuvant t
AimTo study the risk of receiving a new (incident) osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis in different joint sites based on conditions diagnosed in the 20 years prior the OA diagnosis.MethodsWe used register data for the entire population of the Skåne region (Sweden) to perform a nested case-control study. The outcome was newly diagnosed (incident) OA in peripheral joints, i.e. knee (ICD-10 code M17), hip
This paper presents an experimental study where the mechanical behaviour of single-dowel timber connections made of acetylated Scots pine is compared with the behaviour of connections made from untreated Scots pine. The main aim was to evaluate the influence of the acetylation on the connection brittleness and also to compare the experimental results to the design provisions of the current Europea
Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), caused by biallelic variants in the ATM gene, is a multisystemic and severe syndrome characterized by progressive ataxia, telangiectasia, hyperkinesia, immunodeficiency, increased risk of malignancy, and typically death before the age of 30. In this retrospective study we describe the phenotype of 14 pediatric and adult A-T patients evaluated at the Karolinska Universi
Background: Immunohistochemical (IHC) PD-L1 expression is commonly employed as predictive biomarker for checkpoint inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, IHC evaluation methods are non-uniform and further studies are needed to optimize clinical utility. Methods: We compared the concordance, prognostic value and gene expression between PD-L1 IHC expression by SP142 immune cell
Background: Apnea of prematurity is a common problem in preterm infants that may have significant consequences on their development. Methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine) are effective in the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Doxapram is used as a respiratory stimulant in cases refractory to the methylxanthine treatment. Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and harms of doxa
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the outcomes of cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy and compare these outcomes with those in nonpregnant women of fertile age. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although both laparoscopic cholecystectomy and ERCP are considered safe and feasible in pregnant patients, there is still concern and uncertainty regardi
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare tumours and at least 30% are part of hereditary syndromes. Approximately 20% of hereditary PPGL are caused by pathogenic germ line variants in genes of the succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDHx), TMEM127 or MAX. Herein we present guidelines regarding genetic testing of family members and their surveillance based on a thorough literature review. Al
PurposeThe aim of the present study was to identify the most physically demanding work tasks for Swedish ground combat soldiers through the development and application of a questionnaire survey. This is the first in a series of studies aiming to describe the development process and validation of physical selection standards in the Swedish armed forces.MethodsBased on procedural documentation, comb
Genomic rearrangements in cancer cells can create gene fusions where the juxtaposition of two different genes leads to the production of chimeric proteins or altered gene expression through promoter-swapping. We have previously shown that fusion transcripts involving microRNA (miRNA) host genes contribute to deregulation of miRNA expression regardless of the protein-coding potential of these trans
Extensive areas of old forests have declined all over the temperate regions of Europe mainly due to extensive forestry. This is likely to have negative impact on bats that roost in trees, such as the western barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus. We investigated its selection of summer roosts in a commercially used landscape in southern Sweden. We captured and radio-tracked 14 bats and found 17 occ
Sb-based semiconductors are critical p-channel materials for III-V complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, while the performance of Sb-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) is typically inhibited by the low quality of the channel to gate dielectric interface, which leads to poor gate modulation. In this study, we achieve improved electrostatics of ve
Objective. To review the currently available data on beam quality correction factors, kQ, for ionization chambers in clinical proton beams and derive their current best estimates for the updated recommendations of the IAEA TRS-398 Code of Practice. Approach. The reviewed data come from 20 publications from which kQ values can be derived either directly from calorimeter measurements, indirectly fro
Background: The existence of a “minority tax,” defined as the burden of extra responsibilities placed on minorities relative to non-minorities of the same position, has been documented across various fields, including and beyond medicine. This study sought to quantify the types and extent of the minority tax faced by minority orthopaedic surgeons, as well as evaluate the degree to which this work
MOTIVATION: Missing data present a pervasive challenge in data analysis, potentially biasing outcomes and undermining conclusions if not addressed properly. Missing data are commonly classified into Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), Missing at Random (MAR), and Missing Not at Random (MNAR). While MCAR poses a minimal risk of data distortion, both MAR and MNAR can seriously affect the results of
Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a rheumatic disorder that causes chronic joint inflammation beginning before the age of 16 years. Pharmacological treatment necessary to prevent joint destruction and functional impairment includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), intra-articular corticosteroids, conventional synthetic (cs) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DM
Objectives: Real-world evidence is needed to inform treatment strategies for patients with PsA and axial SpA (axSpA) who have non-musculoskeletal manifestations (NMMs), various risk factors and comorbidities. International collaboration is required to ensure statistical power and to enhance generalizability. The first step forward is identifying which data are currently being collected. Across 17
Background and purpose: There is an urgent need to improve patient-selection to surgical treatment in advanced ovarian cancer as our results showed that cytoreductive surgery was without effect or even detrimental in a yet unknown subgroup of women. With an ageing population, 30% of women with advanced ovarian cancer in Sweden are >75 years. Nevertheless, there are no recommendations on patient-se
In recombinant, xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae, about 30% of the consumed xylose is converted to xylitol. Xylitol production results from a cofactor imbalance, since xylose reductase uses both NADPH and NADH, while xylitol dehydrogenase uses only NAD(+). In this study we increased the ethanol yield and decreased the xylitol yield by lowering the flux through the NADPH-producing pentose
