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The GM2-1 islet ganglioside has been sequenced, found to be a novel ganglioside structure with a sialic acid moiety in the terminal position and two residues of non-acetylated galactosamine and also shown to be a target of autoantibodies in a subset of ICA+ relatives of type 1 diabetic patients who subsequently progressed in the overt disease. In the present study we determined whether antibodies

Two-way communication and strong relationships between government and affected communities are necessary to enhance the latter’s resilience to disaster risks. The Tlokwe City Council (TCC) in the North-West province, South Africa, is facing a dolomite and sinkhole disaster risk that threatens the safety of several residential areas, including informal settlements. A dolomite disaster riskreduction

We present dyke swarm maps generated using Google Earth™ images, ArcGIS™, field data, and available geochronological ages of Neoarchean-Mesoproterozoic (ranging in age from ~2.80 to ~1.10 Ga) mafic dyke swarms and associated magmatic units of the different Archean cratons of the Indian shield which represent the plumbing system of Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). The spatial and temporal distribut

Evolution involves developmental change. Species comparisons play an important role in comparative cognition because they can uncover common patterns and shared principles in cognitive evolution. Developmental studies reveal foundational elements of cognitive abilities and how they are constructed and integrated. Sensorimotor cognition is such a key element that forms the foundation for later-deve

Background Cardiac fibrosis is thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Retrospective studies have suggested that circulating fibrosis biomarkers are associated with AF, but prospective studies are limited. Methods We measured circulating levels of 2 fibrosis biomarkers, procollagen type III, N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) and transforming growth factor β1 am

In this experimental study the influence of fissuring orientation and confinement pressure on the mechanical behaviour of natural clays is investigated. The tested material, the scaly clay from Santa Croce di Magliano (south of Italy), is characterised by an intense network of pre-existing fissures of single orientation. Several plane strain compression tests have been conducted, under different c

To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal tryps

Antibodies directed towards determinants on the surface of rat islet cells can be detected qualitatively by the indirect immunofluorescence or quantitatively by a specific radioassay for IgG. Antibodies are found in insulin-dependent diabetics or in rabbits immunized with islet cells. Such antibodies may affect the B-cell function as indicated by the inhibition of incorporation of radioactive leuc

Comment on: Abdullah C, et al. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:977-88.

The loss of p53 induces spontaneous tumors in mice, and p53 mutations are found in approximately 50% of human tumors. These tumors are generally caused by a number of events, including genomic instability, checkpoint defects, mitotic defects, deregulation of transcriptional targets, impaired apoptosis, and G 1 deregulation or a combination of these effects. In order to determine the role of protei

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that CRC should be considered a heterogeneous disease, with multiple differences between proximal and distal tumours. The immune system may, depending on the context, promote or inhibit tumour growth, and different immune cell subsets have been found to be associated with impaired or improved prognosis

Phosphatidylinositol (PI), mainly stearoyl-arachidonyl PI, occurs as a minor phospholipid constituent in both chyle and plasma lipoproteins. The kinetics and the pathway by which plasma and chyle PI is metabolized have not been investigated. The role of lipoprotein PI in the supply of arachidonic acid (20:4) and inositol lipid components to different tissues is thus unknown. In this study we exami

Human CaCo-2 cells were incubated with [14C]linoleic (18:2(n - 6)), [14C]linolenic (18:3(n - 3)) and [3H]eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n - 3)), and the interconversion of the radioactive fatty acids to higher homologues and their acylation into triacylglycerols (TG) and phospholipids were examined. An active conversion of [14C]18:3 to [14C]20:5 and [14C]docosapentaenoic acid (22:5(n - 3)) and of [3H

Studies of spatial behavior increasingly rely on a combination of audiovisual and geospatial recordings. So far, however, few analytical environments have offered opportunities for integrated and expedient annotation and analysis of the two. Here we report the first study aimed at integrating geospatial data in ELAN, a tool developed for time-aligned annotation of audiovisual media. By calibrating

A measurement of J/ ψ and ψ(2 S) production is presented. It is based on a data sample from Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV and pp collisions at s=5.02TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.42nb-1 and 25pb-1 in Pb+Pb and pp, respectively. The measurements of per-event yields, nuclear modification factors, and non-prompt fractions are p