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The behaviour and fate of stem cells is governed by the material properties of their surrounding microenvironment. Hence emulating the extracellular matrix poses as an attractive target for tissue engineering endeavours to create a stem cell substrate. Currently, the knowledge of the material properties is mostly limited to the macroscopic level which considerably limits the understanding of tissu

Insertion devices have several undesirable effects on the beam dynamics of a synchrotron storage ring, and these must be compensated for in order to ensure long term stable operation. This master’s thesis concerns the two first insertion devices at the MAX IV facility, two in-vacuum undulators for the BioMAX and NanoMAX beamlines. The report presents the work done to neutralize closed-orbit distor

The stochastic volatility (SV) model is an alternative to GARCH models to model time varying volatility. In this thesis the basic stochastic volatility model and three different estimation methods are described---namely, Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, quasi maximum-likelihood (QML) and generalized method of moments (GMM). To compare these estimation methods a large scale simul

Intrauterine fetal programming determines cardiorenal interaction later in life. We hypothesize that early life factors affect adult glomerular filtration rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) directly or by interacting with postnatal growth trajectories. The population-based LifeGene study (Sweden) randomly recruited individuals aged 18 to 43 years (n = 12 167). They filled in a web-questionnaire

The curve number (CN) method, developed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), is one of the most widely used approaches worldwide to estimate runoff from rainfall events. However, one of the remaining uncertainties in the method remains whether to apply a frequency-matched or natural data approach for computing the CN from rainfall-runoff data. To address this knowledge gap, this s

Objectives Peak exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) is associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of different SBP patterns at the end of exercise with these outcomes. Methods We studied 6329 adults (45% women) referred for exercise testing, with test duration of 6-14 min, maximal effort and valid SBP measurements at the end of e

Amyloid-β (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are now established tools in the diagnostic workup of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their use is anticipated to increase with the introduction of new disease-modifying therapies. Although these biomarkers are comparable alternatives in research settings to determine Aβ status, biomarker

Three new genera in the lichen family Teloschistaceae, i.e.: Josefhafellia for the former Caloplaca bellemerei group, Bagliettoella for the former Gyalolechia marmorata branch and Tsarenkoella for the former Caloplaca obscurella group are described and compared with closely related genera. The positions of the species Lacrima apostatica (basionym: Loekoesia apostatica) and Neoplaca sideritis (basi

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are clinically approved for mRNA-based vaccines and liver-targeted siRNA delivery. However, poor nucleic acid delivery efficiency limits their application in extrahepatic tissues and tumors. Here, using live-cell and super-resolution microscopy, we identify multiple distinct steps of inefficiencies in the cytosolic delivery of both siRNA and mRNA cargoes. Membrane damage

TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology is linked to the neurodegenerative disorders amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Huntington disease (HD). Dysregulation of metabolism and emotion is shared across these disorders and may be caused by hypothalamic pathology. Inclusions with TDP-43 are present in the hypothalamus in clinical ALS, as well as selective lo

BackgroundLow- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Bangladesh, are experiencing a nutritional transition characterized by rising unhealthy food consumption (UFC), which increases the risk of nutrient deficiencies and chronic diseases in children. Despite this concern, research on UFC among Bangladeshi children aged 6–23 months is limited. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the preva

The 19th Topical Meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical, Security, and Environmental Analysis (LACSEA) was held in Toulouse, France from 15–19 July 2024, as part of the Optica Optical Sensing Congress, with a return to in-person attendance. The meeting featured 21 sessions covering recent advances in laser and optical spectroscopy, sensor design, and diagnostic application. A total of 125 contr

Study region: The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a high-altitude region characterized by harsh environmental conditions and limited accessibility, making the monitoring of its numerous lakes a significant challenge. This region is crucial for hydrological studies, and its numerous lakes play an important role in regional water dynamics and climate change research. Study focus: This study evaluates the ap

There is active crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment during metastatic progression, a process that is significantly affected by obesity, particularly in breast cancer. Here we analyze the impact of a high fat diet (HFD) on metastasis, focusing on the role of platelets in the formation of premetastatic niches (PMNs). We find that a HFD provokes pre-activation of platelets an

Labile organic carbon is a major nutrient, controlling microbial activity in aquatic ecosystems and contributing to the global cycling of carbon. During the production and distribution of drinking water, labile carbon fractions often escape treatment, which threatens water quality and biostability. This study proposes and compares two rapid methods for monitoring the production and removal of labi

Background: Developmental exposures to neurotoxic insecticides, as pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos are of growing concern. Objective: To study associations between low prenatal and childhood exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos and motor skills at age 7. Materials and methods: Data consisted of sub-samples of women and children from the Odense Child Cohort; 883 mother-child pairs with maternal ur

This article highlights the restructuring of the Swedish welfare state through looking at how a humanitarian logic has entered civil society at a local level around the issue of precarious housing for unaccompanied youth. Drawing on existing literature on ‘humanitarian reason’ (Fassin 2011) and ‘humanitarian citizenship’ (Cabot 2019), the article explores the 2019 ‘crisis’ affecting unaccompanied

Boreal rivers and streams are significant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) for the atmosphere. Yet the controls and the magnitude of these emissions remain highly uncertain, as current estimates are mostly based on indirect and discrete flux measurements. In this study, we present and analyse the longest CO2 and the first ever CH4 flux dataset measured by the eddy covariance (EC)