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Popular Abstract in Swedish Nivån på arbetsproduktivitet är särskilt betydelsefull i utvecklingsländer där det mesta av byggnadsarbetet utförs manuellt. Tidigare forskning har konstaterat att produktiviteten i byggindustrin är låg och i några fall sjunkande. Bristande produktivitet hos byggnadsarbetarna är en orsak till kostnadsöverskridande och förseningar av byggprojekt. Syfte med detta forskninProductivity of labour is particularly important especially in developing countries where most of the building work is still carried out on manual basis. Previous research has pointed out that productivity in the building industry is low and in some cases declining. Poor productivity of craftsmen is one of the causes of cost and time overruns on building projects. The objective of this research wa

Background: There have been reports both supporting and refuting an inverse relationship between hip fracture and hip osteoarthritis (OA). We explore this relationship using a case-control study design. Methods: Exclusion criteria were previous hip fracture (same side or contralateral side), age younger than 60 years, foreign nationality, pathological fracture, rheumatoid arthritis and cases were

We have studied In-stabilized c(8 2)-reconstructed InAs(1 0 0) and InSb(1 0 0) semiconductor surfaces, which play a key role in growing improved III-V interfaces for electronics devices, by core-level photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. The calculated surface core-level shifts (SCLSs) for the zeta and zeta a models, which have been previously established to describe the a

The present thesis is devoted to two different matters: One part is the development of a novel optical technique for characterisation of solid pharmaceutical materials. The other part being the continued development of photon time-of-flight spectroscopy, as well as exploration of new application areas of this method. These two optical techniques are conceptually and technically very different, but

Objective. Collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC) are two subtypes of microscopic colitis (MC). Even though they most often are described as different entities they share many clinical and histological features. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of conversion between CC and LC in a larger cohort of patients. Materials and methods. All 664 patients in our Pathol

23 species of the lichen genus Caloplaca from Svalbard are described and/or discussed. The descriptions are natural language descriptions based on characters for each species coded into LIAS (Global Information System for Lichenized and Non-Lichenized Ascomycetes). A total of 37 Caloplaca species are listed for Svalbard, of which two species: C. elvebakkiana and C. scabrosa are described as new to

Prostate cancer (PC) develops from an androgen-dependent tissue that contains androgen receptors in both the stromal and glandular compartments. Surgical removal of the prostate may cure the patient, but if metastatic spread has occurred, androgen suppression therapy is the standard treatment. However, most men will eventually fail this therapy and develop recurrent androgen-independent disease, f

Intractable conflicts are by definition difficult to resolve. This study ventures into the identity dynamics of those conflicts and argues that those identity aspects must be addressed in order to locate constituencies for change. Through the employment o theories of conflict transformation, identity and narrative, the dissertation forwards thoughts regarding the importance of inside actors formul

Popular Abstract in Swedish Parkinsons sjukdom är en av våra mest förekommande neurologiska sjukdomar som drabbar den åldrande befolkningen. I åldersgruppen 50-60 år drabbas ca 1 procent av sjukdomen, som karakteriseras av de motoriska symptomen stelhet, långsamma rörelser och skakningar. Symptomen beror på en gradvis förlust av nervceller i en djup del av hjärnan vid namn substantia nigra (den svL-DOPA pharmacotherapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with adverse effects occurring after a few years of treatment. Among these, dyskinesia (abnormal involuntary movements) is particularly common and potentially disabling. The causes behind dyskinesia are not completely understood, but intense research has identified a number of neuronal alterations associated with L-DOPA-induced dyski

The participation of transnational actors in global policymaking is increasingly seen as a means to democratize global governance. Drawing on alternative theories of democracy and existing empirical evidence, we assess the promises and pitfalls of this vision. We explore how the structuring and operation of international institutions, public-private partnerships, and transnational actors themselve

Abstract in UndeterminedEnergy future studies can be a useful tool for learning about how to induce and manage technical, economic and policy change related to energy supply and use. The private sector has successfully deployed them for strategic planning, examining key parameters such as markets, competition and consumer trends. However in public policy, most energy future studies remain disconne

In this paper we derive a very useful formula for the stochastic representation of the product of a singular Wishart matrix with a normal vector. Using this result, the expressions of the density function as well as of the characteristic function are established. Moreover, the derived stochastic representation is used to generate random samples from product which leads to a considerable improvemen

The use of gluten-free products is increasing since an increasing number of people (1-2 %) are suffering from Celiac disease and thereby need a gluten-free diet. Gluten-free bread tends to have shorter shelf life and quality compared with white wheat bread. In this study, 3 % (flour basis) of pre-gelatinized oat and barley flour as well as an emulsifier were added to a gluten-free mix to increase

The geometric and electronic structure of condensed phase organic conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS blends has been investigated by periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations with a generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) functional, and a plane wave basis set. The influence of the degree of doping of the PEDOT polymer on structural and optical parameters such as the reflectivity, absorbanc

Despite their tiny eyes and brains, nocturnal insects have remarkable visual abilities. Recent work-particularly on fast-flying moths and bees and on ball-rolling dung beetles-has shown that nocturnal insects are able to distinguish colors, to detect faint movements, to learn visual landmarks, to orient to the faint pattern of polarized light produced by the moon, and to navigate using the stars.

The problem of integrating the Camassa-Holm equation leads to the scattering and inverse scattering problem for the Sturm-Liouville equation -u '' + 1/4 u = lambda wu, where w is a weight function which may change sign but where the left-hand side gives rise to a positive quadratic form so that one is led to a left-definite spectral problem. In this paper the spectral theory and a generalized Four

Hypoxia has occurred intermittently over the Holocene in the Baltic Sea, but the recent expansion from less than 10 000 km(2) before 1950 to > 60 000 km(2) since 2000 is mainly caused by enhanced nutrient inputs from land and atmosphere. With worsening hypoxia, the role of sediments changes from nitrogen removal to nitrogen release as ammonium. At present, denitrification in the water column and s

The dynamic properties of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) are of fundamental importance for the understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of microalbuminuria and proteinuric diseases. In the studies of this doctoral thesis the properties of the rat glomerular filtration barrier were investigated under resting conditions and following a number of challenges using highly sensitive

Abstract Multimodal learning materials are frequently met in education assuming enhanced learning outcomes. This study examined whether contrasts in such materials are likely to support reading comprehension for all readers. Young adults (n=46) met either text-only or text+picture material. Participants (19 with low phonological awareness [PA] and 27 controls with high PA) thereafter answered open