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We investigate the location of the point of maximal horizontal velocity for steady periodic water waves with vorticity.

We outline here a simple method to prepare polymeric surfaces of controlled surface topography on the micrometer scale, via assembly and arrest of microgel particles, for use in a range of biological applications to modify cell adhesion and spreading. In previous work by other groups, it has transpired that topography on the nanoscale is unlikely to be useful for this purpose, as roughness on this

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the control of the immune response. In the human system, an IL-10-secreting, T regulatory type 1 cell (Tr1)-like subset of Tregs can be induced by concurrent cross-linking of the TCR and CD46 on naive CD4(+) T cells. Because many viral and bacterial pathogens, including the major human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, bind to CD46, we asked whether this ba

We have investigated the formation of vesicles in the binary system of a triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) with the average composition EO5PO68EO5 in water. Vesicles are formed when a solution of unimers is heated into a two-phase region where, at equilibrium, a concentrated lamellar phase coexists with a dilute solution of unimers. The vesicles were

In this paper, the authors report the use of liquid-liquid partition chromatography (LLPC) in an aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG)/dextran two-phase system to compare the surface properties (partition properties) of human antibodies and fragments thereof. The surface properties of all the monoclonal antibodies of different classes and subclasses investigated were within the same broad range as tha

Moraxella catarrhalis ubiquitous surface protein A2 (UspA2) mediates resistance to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. In this study, an interaction between the complement fluid phase regulator of the classical pathway, C4b binding protein (C4BP), and M. catarrhalis mutants lacking UspA1 and/or UspA2 was analyzed by flow cytometry and a RIA. Two clinical isolates of M. catarrhalis exp

Lysozyme adsorption to charged surfaces was studied by Monte Carlo simulations at different protein concentrations, protein net charges, ionic strengths, and surface charge densities. The lysozyme was represented by a hard sphere with embedded positive and negative surface charges parametrically dependent on the solution pH. A short-range attractive protein-protein potential was included to repres

A combined quantum mechanical-statistical mechanical method has been used to study the behavior of the hydroxyl ion in water. The system is divided into three parts, a quantum core (the ion), 89 classical water molecules, and a dielectric continuum. The water molecules are represented using a polarizable potential. The first solvation shell consists of four water molecules, two linked by hydrogen

Infrared spectra from 25 to 4000 cm(-1) have been recorded of water (H2O, D2O and (H2O)-O-18) matrix isolated in neon, argon, and krypton matrices. Intermolecular absorption bands of different isotopologues of the water trimer and tetramer have been assigned from concentration dependencies and diffusion behavior, using the well-known mid-infrared trimer and tetramer absorption bands as measures of

The hydrophobic interaction between two methane molecules in salt-free and high salt-containing aqueous solutions and the structure in such solutions have been investigated using an atomistic model solved by Monte Carlo simulations. Monovalent salt representing NaCl and divalent salt with the same nonelectrostatic properties as the monovalent salt have been used to examine the influence of the val

Objective: To examine and compare the adult outcome in a representative sample of hospitalized adolescent-onset psychoses including occupational and social aspects. Method: A total of 81 patients with a first episode of early-onset psychosis (before age 19 years) presenting to the University Hospital of Lund, Sweden, between 1982 and 1993 were followed up an average of 10.5 years (range 5.1-18.2)

The mixed-valence dinuclear ruthenium complex [Ru2(bpmp)(-OAc)2]2+ (where bpmp is the phenolate anion of 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl) aminomethyl]-4-methylphenol, H-bpmp) has been studied by UV-Vis-NIR, IR, and EPR spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The Ru2II,III complex undergoes reversible one-electron reduction (E1/2 = -0.61 V vs Fc+/0) and oxidation (E1/2 = 0.09 V vs Fc+/0), resulti

On St. Bridget's confessor and the editor-in-chief of her works

A mixed amphiphilic system composed of the anionic surfactant Aerosol OT (AOT), in water forming a lamellar phase, to which is added a neutral noninteracting polymer, poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), is studied experimentally by SAXS, H-2 NMR, and microscopy, in a range of surfactant and polymer compositions. Addition of the polymer produces a decrease in the lamellar spacing, the decrease by the pol

This chapter does not deal with any practical aspects of light measurement, only with theoretical concepts. The following concepts are explained: energy fluence, energy fluence rate, photon fluence, photon fluence rate, radiance and mol, as well as the following superfluous or obsolete terms and synonyms: actinic flux, space irradiance, scalar irradiance, spherical irradiance, vectorial irradiance