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The main mechanisms of immune defense against Neisseria meningitidis are serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and opsonophagocytosis. Many complement deficiencies, among them acquired partial C3 deficiency due to stabilizing autoantibodies against the alternative pathway C3 convertase (C3 nephritic factors, C3 NeF); increase the risk of meningococcal infection. SBA against meningococci in patients wi

The susceptibility to urinary tract infection (UTI) is controlled by the innate immune response and Toll like receptors (TLRs) are the sentinels of this response. If productive, TLR4 signalling may initiate the symptomatic disease process. In the absence of TLR4 signalling the infected host instead develops an asymptomatic carrier state. The activation of mucosal TLR4 is also influenced by the pro

The present response time study investigated the influence Central Swedish word accents have on the interpretation of inflectional morphology. Effects of stem tone match/mismatch on the interpretation of Swedish present and past tense suffixes were tested. Both Accent 1 and Accent 2 were found to influence listeners' response times related to decisions on verb tense. It thus seems that both word a

BACKGROUND: Oct 3/4 (Octamer 3/4), a member of POU family has been considered as an important stem cell marker and essential transcription factor during human embryogenesis. In recent years, there have also been reports on presence of Oct 3/4 in differentiated benign and malignant human cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the transcription and the protein expression of Oct 3/4 is

Generating proteomic maps of membrane proteins, common targets for therapeutic interventions and disease diagnostics, has turned out to be a major challenge. Antibody-based microarrays are among the novel rapidly evolving proteomic technologies that may enable global proteome analysis to be performed. Here, we have designed the first generation of a scaleable human recombinant scFv antibody microa

On 30 October 2003, an ongoing geomagnetic superstorm knocked down a part of the high- voltage power transmission system in southern Sweden. The blackout lasted for an hour and left about 50,000 customers without electricity. The incident was probably the most severe geomagnetically induced current ( GIC) failure observed since the well- known March 1989 Quebec blackout. The " three- phase'' storm

The pseudo-Thellier technique was applied to recover relative palaeointensity (PT-RPI) estimates from four piston cores retrieved from a Holocene lake sediment sequence in the province of Smaland, central southern Sweden. A time-depth model between 11,000 and 450 cal BP was based on a combination of calibrated radiocarbon ages and the ages of established palaeomagnetic secular variation (PSV) feat

The driving force behind oncoproteomics is the belief that certain protein signatures or patterns exist that are associated with a particular malignancy. if so, the correlation of clinical parameters with defined protein expression patterns would allow us to predict disease progression and perhaps even postulate improved therapeutic modalities. The technological challenges to achieve these goals a

Morarella catarrhalis immunoglobulin D-binding protein (MID) is a complex antigen with unique immunoglobulin D (IgD)-binding, adhesion, and hernagglutination properties. Previous studies have shown that antibodies raised against MID764-111 in rabbits inhibited M. catarrhalis adhesion to human alveolar epithelial cells, and immunization with MID764-913 resulted in an increased pulmonary clearance i

Implementation of guidelines for coronary heart disease prevention is less optimal in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate if specific knowledge (patients' knowledge about their own coronary heart disease risk factors) would correlate to their adherence as measured by self-reported lifestyle changes, reaching defined treatment goals and adhering to treatment with prescribed

Microzarkodina is a genus of mainly Middle Ordovician conodonts that has its centre of distribution in Baltoscandia, and much less commonly occurs in southern China, Australia, Argentina and Laurentia. In Baltica a series of species, Microzarkodina russica n. sp., M. flabellum, M. parva, M. Bella, M. Hagetiana and M. ozarkodella, established themselves successfully. The succession of species range

The memory T-cell population is a heterogeneous population, including both effector cells, which exert a direct secondary immune response, and resting or intermediate cells, which serve as a reservoir and exert a possible regulatory role. To further dissect the T-cell memory population residing in the CD4(+) CD45RO(+) T-cell pool, we studied the functional properties of memory populations identifi

Repeated immunization of mice with bacterial superantigens induces extensive deletion and anergy of reactive CD4 T cells. Here we report that the in vitro proliferation anergy of CD4 T cells from TCR transgenic mice immunized three times with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) (3x SEB) is partially due to an increased frequency of Foxp3(+) CD4 T cells. Importantly, reduced number of conventional C

BACKGROUND. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that has been implicated in the modulation of growth and progression of prostate cancer. Decreased expression of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, involved in regulation of cytokine and tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, has been shown to be associated with less favorable outcome among prostate cancer patients. METHODS. Parental LNCaP c

Modulation of ERP responses by predictability of information in negated contextsPrevious research has shown that language comprehension is incremental and that we can keep up with language input because we make predictions about the upcoming information [1]. If these predictions are confirmed, processing is facilitated. In event-related potential (ERP) studies, this facilitation effect appears in

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are thought to be pathogenic in ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) by stimulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to degranulate and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to investigate if PMNs from AAV patients are more readily stimulated by ANCA compared with PMNs from healthy controls (HCs). Differences in ANCA character

Interventionen i Libyen var den första militära insatsen som legitimerades med normen skyldigheten att skydda. Vi undersöker om interventionen följer de riktlinjer som den legitimerades med. Vi gör en granskande fallstudie med inslag av en idealtypsanalys för att besvara vår frågeställning. I den följande texten kommer vi visa att den NATO-ledda koalitionens aktioner i Libyen i stort försöker följ

Swedish Title: En Ny Era för Ett Nytt Burma: Avkoloniseringens Diskurs och Nationens Strävan i Burma efter Andra Världskriget This study explores the nature of the nationalist discourse in Burma (Myanmar) in the short period of time following World War II but preceding Burma’s declaration of independence on the 4th of January, 1948. Burma, then a British colony in Southeast Asia, had been promised