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Antibody-based microarray is a novel proteomic technology setting a new standard for molecular profiling of non-fractionated complex proteomes. The first generation of antibody microarrays has already demonstrated its potential for generating detailed protein expression profiles, or protein atlases, of human body fluids in health and disease, paving the way for new discoveries within the field of

CD40 is a tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family member of central importance for the adaptive immune system. To elucidate the functional role of the different extracellular domains of CD40, we have created a set of truncated CD40 molecules where domains, or parts of domains, have been removed. These CD40 proteins, which contain a peptide tag in the N-terminal end, have been expressed in a

Gliomas in the form of astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas are the most common brain tumors in humans. Early detection of these cancers is crucial for successful treatment. Proteomics promises the discovery of biomarkers and tumor markers for early detection and diagnosis. In the current study, a differential gel electrophoresis technology coupled with matrix-assisted laser des

A genetic algorithm for optimal placement of optical fibers in arbitrary geometries for interstitial photodynamic therapy has been developed. Based on calculated fiber positions, the diffuse light distribution is simulated by solving the diffusion equation by means of the finite element method and the treatment time is calculated. Utilizing an instrument for interstitial photodynamic therapy that

Protective immunity depends upon the capability of the immune system to properly adapt the response to the nature of an infectious agent. CD4+ Th cells are implicated in this orchestration by secreting a polarized pattern of cytokines. Although Th2 development in animal models and in human cells in vitro to a large extent depends on IL-4, the nature of the cells that provide the initial IL-4 in vi

Lamb modes with zero group velocity at nonzero wave numbers correspond to local and stationary resonances in isotropic plates. Lamb modes can be utilized for nondestructive evaluation of the elastic properties and thickness. One example of an application is the testing of plate-like concrete structures. In this example, continuous variation in the material velocity through the thickness may occur.

The paper is about how society effects art when society goes through different social processes. The study is limited to the period referred to as the Vasa era and to paintings. What is meant with Vasa era is the 16th century. During that period, society goes through a social centralization in Europe and the question arises if this is, or becomes, noticeable in the art. This is another angle on so

The treaty of Lisbon introduced several significant institutional changes to the EU. The main research question of this thesis is therefore the following: How has the institutional changes in the treaty of Lisbon affected how the EU debates norms and what norms the EU refers to? In order to approach the research problem this thesis uses a comparative case study design which looks at how the EU deb

I mer än 40 år har det pågått en diskussion om huruvida EU kan och bör ansluta sig till den Europeiska konventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande friheterna, (EKMR, konventionen). Efter Lissabonfördragets ikraftträdande finns numera till och med en fördragsstadgad skyldighet för unionen att ansluta sig till konventionen. Av den anledningen förhandlade EU-kommissionen

The advent of the epoch known as the Anthropocene has been treated as a paradigm shift throughout the natural as well as parts of the social sciences. This shift entails mankind’s becoming of a geological force alongside others. Political theory and International Relations in particular have, however, been slow to pick this up. This thesis is an attempt to fill this gap. In this thesis I examine t

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att med hjälp av en argumentationsanalytisk metod undersöka hur fenomenet Self-delimiting peoples påverkar, och påverkas av, filosofen Martha Nussbaums kapacitetsteori. Self-delimiting peoples är grupper av människor som inte har någon relation med den stat vars territorium de befinner sig på. Genom att redogöra för en sådan grupps historik samt nuvarande förutsättn