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A functional and well-balanced immune response is required to resist most infections. Slight dysfunctions in innate immunity can turn the 'friendly' host defense into an unpleasant foe and give rise to disease. Beneficial and destructive forces of innate immunity have been discovered in the urinary tract and mechanisms by which they influence the severity of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have be
Food loss is of great importance considering its waste of natural resources and the negative environmental impact caused by the food industry. To reduce food loss, some actors donate, produce and retail what we here entitle circular food products: products made from food loss. However, the market for these types of products is neither stable or certain and there is a need for increasing the value
Internet har de senaste senaste åren väsentligt förändrat det sätt på vilket varor och tjänster distribueras. E-handeln har gjort det möjligt för företag att marknadsföra och sälja sina varor till ett bredare utbud av konsumenter. I synnerhet har online-plattformar, såsom exempelvis Ebay och Amazon, blivit viktiga försäljningskanaler som erbjuder intensiv inommärkes- och mellanmärkeskonkurrens, saThe Internet has over the past years significantly changed the way in which goods and services are distributed. E-commerce has made it possible for businesses to advertise and sell their goods to a wider range of consumers. In particular third-party online platforms, such as Ebay and Amazon, have become important sales channels that offer intense intra-brand and inter-brand competition and increas
Shredder residues of end-of-life vehicles and white goods are a complex waste stream, which nowadays most often is disposed of at industrial landfills. This paper describes the most important findings concerning the complex composition of the landfill leachate and its on-site, year-round treatment under cold-climate conditions. A 3-year investigation has confirmed that concentrations of different
The SABR model has for a long time been an invaluable tool for capturing the volatility smile and to price nancial derivatives not quoted in the market. However, the current negative rate environment in the EUR market has led to numerous challenges for nancial institutions. One of the most problematic issues is that the SABR model used for volatility interpolation and extrapolation fails when rate
This thesis examines the effects of early childhood development centers (ECDC) on unpaid care work (UCW) and women's economic empowerment in Rwanda. Thanks to the collaboration of ActionAid Rwanda (AAR), data from a sample of women in Nyanza district was collected and analyzed to gain insights into UCW dynamics and the role of ECDCs in women's lives. The findings indicate that ECDCs have s
I en tid där befolkningen ökar och medellivslängden blir äldre förändras villkoren för vården. Den största kostnaden inom svensk vård idag är relaterade till äldre människor och fallskador. I den här uppsatsen presenteras en framtagen lösning som detekterar fall och sparar information om vad som händer under ett fall. Ett fall i sig självt är väldigt svårt att stoppa, men det finns faktorer runt mIn a time when the population and life expectancy increase, the demands on health care change. The biggest cost in Swedish health care today is related to accidents regarding falls of old people. This Master's thesis presents a solution to fall detection and logging of data from falls. Falls themselves are hard to stop, but there are several factors behind falls that can be changed in order to
The criteria for Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (BRUE) are used to stratify the risk in infants presenting with apneic episodes. However, these criteria often classify a high proportion of infants as higher risk. This study aimed to investigate the etiology of apneic episodes, particularly those compatible with BRUE, and to assess whether age ≤60 days is associated with serious underlying condi
Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was a secondary end point in AGO-OVAR 16, which randomized 940 patients with EOC after first-line chemotherapy to maintenance pazopanib (PZ) or placebo (P). Additional post hoc analyses were carried out to investigate additional patient-centered end points. Patients and methods: HRQoL was measured with EORTC-QLQ-C30, QLQ-OV28 and EQ-5D-3L. Pre-spe
Background: CSF and PET biomarkers of amyloid β and tau accurately detect Alzheimer's disease pathology, but the invasiveness, high cost, and poor availability of these detection methods restrict their widespread use as clinical diagnostic tools. CSF tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) is a highly specific biomarker for Alzheimer's disease pathology. We aimed to assess whether blood p-t
Rationale, Aims, and Objectives: Primary health care often has overall responsibility for elderly patients and their medication treatment. This is a challenging task due to the issue of multiple caregivers, different systems for documentation and multimorbidity among the elderly. The multiprofessional project SÄKLÄK2 was developed to raise drug safety in Swedish primary health care, and this study
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate plasma levels of sST2 and sCD163 to determine whether they at an early stage could predict development of diabetic nephropathy and/or diabetic retinopathy in patients at clinical onset.MethodsPatients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at age 15–34 years between 1987 and 1988 (n = 220) were included. Data such as BMI, smoking, HbA1c and islet cell a
Background: The choice between different attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications depends on different drug attributes. Economic evaluations of drugs often disregard the utility of other attributes compare with the drugs' efficacy. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess patient's preferences and elicit willingness-to-pay (WTP) for different drug attributes in the treatment of
BACKGROUND: The use of technology has the potential to support the patient´s active participation regarding treatment of hypertension. This might lead to changes in the roles of the patient and health care professional and affect the partnership between them.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the partnership between patients and health care professionals and the roles of p
The speed-reducing effect of speed humps during darkness is important to ensure a consistent speed reduction and a decreased probability of accidents during darkness. This study examined the effects of speed humps, compared with a control location, on a residential road in Sweden with light-emitting diode (LED) street lighting and a 30 km/h posted speed limit. Hypotheses tested were that: (I) vehi
