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An all digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) has been implemented in a 90-nm CMOS process. It uses a phase-frequency detector (PFD) connected to two time-to-digital converters (TDC). To save power the TDCs use delay line cells with uneven delay time. During frequency acquisition an automatic tuning bank controller selects active bank of the digitally controlled oscillator (DCO), which features three s
MIMO systems ideally achieve linear capacity gain proportional to the number of antennas. However, the compactness of terminal devices limits the number of spatial degrees of freedom (DOFs) in such systems, which motivates efficientantenna design techniques to exploit all available DOFs. In this contribution, we present a compact six-port dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array which utilizes spa
Open source software has been gaining popularity, especially among commercial organizations. The broad industry acceptance is in large part due to the demonstrated ability of open source solutions to compete with proprietary alternatives. Using open source software components enables companies to reduce their own development costs, and thus improve software development efficiency. Many open source
This paper presents a 2.45 GHz wake-up receiver front-end intended for use in sensor networks, and is designed to receive data modulated with on-off-keying. Manufactured in 65 nm CMOS it employs an uncertain IF structure with three phase passive mixer and high gain amplifier chain. With the modulation frequency response tailored to the detector behaviour, it achieves a sensitivity of -88 dBm at BE
This paper presents a multi-bit, continuous time delta-sigma modulator with 20 MHz bandwidth implemented in 65nm CMOS for cellular communication. The modulator features a third order, single loop filter and a 4-bit internal quantizer operating at 640 MHz. The DACs are resistive for lower thermal noise compared to the current-steering DACs and nonreturn-to-zero DAC pulse is used to reduce the clock
Defect management is a central task in software maintenance. When a defect is reported, appropriate resources must be allocated to analyze and resolve the defect. An important issue in resource allocation is the estimation of Defect Resolution Time (DRT). Prior research has considered different approaches for DRT prediction exploiting information retrieval techniques and similarity in textual defe
This paper presents a low latency, high throughput soft-output signal detector for a 4x4 64-QAM spatial-multiplexing MIMO system. To achieve high data-level parallelism and accurate soft information, the detector adopts a channel-adaptive node perturbation technique to generate a list of candidate vectors around an initial linear estimation. The detection algorithm provides a large range and conve
In telecommunication networks based on the current Ethernet technology, routing of traffic demands is based on multiple spanning trees: the network operator configures different routing spanning trees and assigns each demand to be routed in one of the selected spanning trees. A major optimization issue in this solution is the combined determination of (i) a set of appropriate spanning trees, and (
This paper presents the VLSI design of an energy-efficient, high-throughput soft-input soft-output signal detector for iterative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) receiver. The detector is evolved from our previously developed imbalanced fixed complexity sphere decoder and adopts several new algorithm-level techniques to exploit the available a priori information of transmitted bits. More spec
This paper describes a hardware efficient linear pre-coder for Massive MIMO Base Stations (BSs) comprising a very large number of antennas, say, in the order of 100s, serving multiple users simultaneously. To avoid hardware demanding direct matrix inversions required for the Zero-Forcing (ZF) pre-coder, we use low complexity Neumann series based approximations. Furthermore, we propose a method to
Vehicles in the future are anticipated to have the ability to communicate and exchange useful information in order to avoid collisions. However, for this cooperation to be possible, all vehicles will have to be equipped with compatible wireless modules, based on, e.g. IEEE 802.11p (used in ITS-G5 or WAVE), which implements intelligent transport systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band. During
Weak alignment of requirements engineering (RE) with verification and validation (VV) may lead to problems in delivering the required products in time with the right quality. For example, weak communication of requirements changes to testers may result in lack of verification of new requirements and incorrect verification of old invalid requirements, leading to software quality problems, wasted ef
Pathloss is typically modeled using a log-distance power law with a large-scale fading term that is log-normal. However, the received signal is affected by the dynamic range and noise floor of the measurement system used to sound the channel, which can cause measurement samples to be truncated or censored. If the information about the censored samples is not included in the estimation method, as i
Families of generalized spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (GSC-LDPC) code ensembles can be formed by terminating protograph-based generalized LDPC convolutional (GLDPCC) codes. It has previously been shown that ensembles of GSC-LDPC codes constructed from a protograph have better iterative decoding thresholds than their block code counterparts, and that, for large termination lengths, the
Recent work has shown that, with the help of the Theory of Characteristic Modes (TCM), minor modifications of the terminal chassis can facilitate the design of orthogonal MIMO antennas with viable bandwidth at frequencies below 1 GHz. Herein, a new framework is proposed to further exploit TCM to enhance the performance of the orthogonal MIMO antennas. By correlating the characteristic currents and
Agile practices have received attention from industry as an alternative to plan-driven software development approaches. Agile encourages, for example, small self-organized collocated teams, whereas global software engineering (GSE) implies distribution across cultural, temporal, and geographical boundaries. Hence, combining them is a challenge. A systematic review was conducted to capture the stat
We consider the problem of approximating functions by sums of few exponentials functions, either on an interval or on the positive half-axis. We study both continuous and discrete cases, i.e. when the function is replaced by a number of equidistant samples. Recently, an algorithm has been constructed by Beylkin and Monzón for the discrete case. We provide a theoretical framework for understanding
Abstract in UndeterminedIn a team, people sometimes leave the team and become replaced by new persons with less experience, and sometimes people participate in new activities and thereby obtain new knowledge. Different processes, in terms of different management strategies, can be followed, e.g., to introduce people to new tasks so they get new knowledge. There is a need to investigate the long te
