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A Jacobian free multigrid preconditioner for linear problems arising from Implicit Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretizations is implemented. The preconditioner is based on a multigrid method for a low order Finite volume (FV) discretization on a subcellgrid. L2-projections are introduced as a strategy to translate between the discretizations. Numerical tests on advection dominated linear advecti
Momentum or trend following investing refers to trading strategies constructed around the idea that in financial markets, the current trend will, more often then not, prevail. In the context of asset prices, this means that previous returns or the price development of an asset is indicative of similar future returns and price development. While at odds with established theory such as the weaker fo
One fifth of the energy consumed by buildings in Sweden is by those built before 1945, many of them constructed from solid masonry walls. Improving their heating energy consumption is a challenge we must face in light of human’s impact on climate change as well as increasing energy costs. Improving thermal performance can be achieved with many insulating materials however the environmental impact
Interdisciplinary teams are considered to be of great importance for addressing complex problems of the present and future, as they are able to address the complexity of society’s most pressing issues such as climate change, or healthcare solutions. They can be found in multiple areas concerned with future- related problems. Research on specific fields such as healthcare and social work suggests t
Interdisciplinary teams are considered to be of great importance for addressing complex problems of the present and future, as they are able to address the complexity of society’s most pressing issues such as climate change, or healthcare solutions. They can be found in multiple areas concerned with future- related problems. Research on specific fields such as healthcare and social work suggests t
The bulk of Norwegian offshore oil and gas platforms are self-sustained with energy, burning a portion of the extracted gas in turbines to power production. Replacing this energy with electricity from renewables – electrifying – has been put forward as a way to quickly slash domestic emissions. This, all while retaining and expanding fossil fuel production, whose lion’s share of emissions stem not
Biometric fingerprint recognition is a cornerstone of modern authentication systems, yet conventional convolutional neural network approaches often struggle with challenging cases, subjected to noise and partial overlap. This thesis explores the potential of transformer-based architectures to address these challenges. We design, implement, and evaluate five models on a large-scale dataset of over
Issue of study: The plastic injection moulding industry has become highly competitive in terms of lead times and pricing, following an increase in low-cost manufacturing from Asia, as a part of the full supply chain. To remain competitive, mould tool manufacturers are looking to complement new tool manufacturing with local after-sales services in countries where their mould tools are being used. U
In digital integrated circuits, memories are often a limiter for main performance, power and area. Over the past decade, integrated memories have gained dominance in terms of area and power cost. In applications like machine learning or image processing the area share can be above 80% consuming more than 50% of the total power budget. On-chip memories in CMOS technologies can be categorized as sta
This thesis investigates the effect of commuting time on labour supply using US household survey data. To circumvent biased estimates as working hours and commuting time are jointly determined by the worker, a first differences approach is carried out, in which changes in the commute are assumed to be exogenous. The estimates suggest that there is no causal effect on labour supply that can be deri
Amid an anthropogenic sixth mass extinction, amphibians are among the most threatened organism groups. This can be explained largely by the loss and fragmentation of natural wetlands due to agricultural activities and urbanisation. Stormwater retention ponds are designed both to provide flood control and to collect and purify runoff from impervious surfaces but could also serve as amphibian habita
In recent years, scientists have found unconfirmed evidence for a ninth planet in the solar system at a very wide orbit. The parameters for this planet are poorly constrained. Current estimates mostly come from the effect the planet has on trans-neptunian objects. Here we investigate an alternative scenario, that is whether this proposed planet can exert observable perturbation on Main Belt astero
Tunisia is where all hope and rebellion started. After the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi in 2010, the Jasmine Revolution spread to other Arab countries leading to the famous Arab Spring. Tunisia is depicted as the model of democratic transition in the Arab region and in the West. Transitional justice mechanisms have been implemented in the country, notably a Truth and Dignity Commission aimi
There is a long tradition, especially in phycology, of using 18S rDNA sequences in inferring phylogenies, in particular for higher taxonomic level analysis. 18S like ITS2 displays a conserved RNA secondary structure which could be used simultaneously with the sequence to increase the amount of information available when inferring phylogenetic relationships. In ITS2 research sequence-structure phyl
Bolivia is a country with a troubling political past, and crammed with political instability and turmoil the Bolivian society inhabits a wide spectrum of cleavages. In this paper we determine that Bolivia is a case of unstable democracy. We use consociational theory and consensus democracy theory to answer why this is the case, by looking at the development Bolivia’s institutional design in order
The need for climate change adaptation is widely acknowledged and adaptation projects around the world are proliferating. Despite being one of the key actors for the implementation of adaptation projects, significant knowledge gaps persist regarding the potential maladaptive outcomes of such projects for international non-governmental organizations. This study analyses practitioners' perspecti
Mara–Loita wildebeest migration in Kenya has experienced a dramatic decline since the 1970s, primarily due to habitat fragmentation caused by livestock fencing, agricultural expansion, and urban development. These changes have obstructed seasonal wildebeest movements, leading to disrupted migration routes and increased human-wildlife conflict. In response, four conservation scenarios have been pro
Fragility fractures are a major health concern and accurate estimation of bone strength is important for fracture risk assessment. Finite element (FE) models can provide reliable estimates of femoral bone strength, but traditional approaches typically require three-dimensional imaging and computationally intensive model generation. Previous research has enabled reconstruction of subject-specific F
