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Introduction: Academic achievement (AA) is associated with smoking rates. Can we determine the degree to which this relationship is likely a causal one? Methods: We predict smoking in male conscripts (mean age 18.2) assessed from 1984 to 1991 (N = 233 248) and pregnant females (mean age 27.7) receiving prenatal care 1972-1990 (N = 494 995) from AA assessed in all students at 16. Instrumental varia
Radiopharmaceuticals have been used for the treatment of various forms of cancer since the 1940s. In recent years, the advantages of alpha emitting radionuclides have emerged as a favourable treatment option. However, most alpha emitting radionuclides have long decay chains with long-lived daughter radionuclides. This leads to uncertainties in the dosimetry for normal organs and tissues, when esta
Postural control and vestibular and eye motor function were evaluated in 7 postlingually deaf patients before cochlear implantation as vibration toward the calf muscles or galvanic electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerves perturbed stance. The patients were compared with 21 control subjects. Vibration-induced bodysway was increased in the patients compared to the normals. Galvanic stimulati
Patient experience is defined as a major quality indicator that should be routinely measured during and after a colonoscopy, according to current ESGE guidelines. There is no standard approach measuring patient experience after the procedure and the comparative performance of the different colonoscopy-specific patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) is unclear. Therefore, the aim was to devel
Gaining information of species, temperature, and velocity distributions in turbulent combustion and high-speed reactive flows is challenging, particularly for conducting measurements without influencing the experimental object itself. The use of optical and spectroscopic techniques, and in particular laser-based diagnostics, has shown outstanding abilities for performing non-intrusive in situ diag
The aim of this report is to contribute to the European vision for Open Science (European Commission 2016) by providing the frameworks for understanding and applying science and technology indicators, defined broadly, to enable the transition from the current scientific and scholarly system towards a more open and inclusive configuration of knowledge practices and infrastructures. Indicators for O
The effectiveness of Salinity Gradient Power - Reverse Electrodialysis (SGP-RE) in real practice is still not clearly defined due to the lack of specific studies in literature, being investigations in large part limited to pure NaCl solutions or aqueous mixtures of two salts. In this work, we experimentally assessed the impact of natural feed streams (collected from Licetto river and Tyrrenian sea
Notwithstanding its many successes since 1945, the project of European integration currently faces major difficulties, from financial crises and mass immigration to the impending departure of the UK from the European Union. At the same time, these challenges have spurred civil society organizations within and across Europe, revealing a shared public sphere in which citizens can mobilize around ref
The use of variable-length genomes in evolutionary computation has applications in optimisation when the size of the search space is unknown, and provides a unique environment to study the evolutionary dynamics of genome structure. Here, we revisit crossover for linear genomes of variable length, identifying two crucial attributes of successful recombination algorithms: the ability to retain homol
Epidemiologic data on pleural mesothelioma are scarce on regional and occupational time trends, which would monitor the effects of changes in exposure to asbestos. We aim to characterize time trends, regional, socioeconomic, and occupational risk factors for pleural mesothelioma in Sweden in the years from 1961 to 1998. The Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to identify patients with pleural
Epidemiologic data on peritoneal mesothelioma are scarce but exposure to asbestos is an identified risk factor. To characterize the disease, time trends, age-incidence relationships, and occupational risk factors for peritoneal mesothelioma were studied based on the Swedish Family-Database covering years 1961 to 1998. Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare disease and only 96 male and 113 female cases
Many of today’s health care facilities are outdated and no longer efficiently support processes. The various development trends in changing health care services seem to support more frequent use of modular facilities. Modular facilities and their development, however, face the challenge of combining a customized, user-centric design for special customer needs with the rapid delivery of prefabricat
A search for supersymmetry in events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least one hadronically decaying τ-lepton is presented. Two exclusive final states with either exactly one or at least two τ-leptons are considered. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb-1 delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and re
The aim with this paper is to examine how different GIS-based visualization methods can be applied and come to practical uses in the emergency service’s fire preventive work. These techniques motivate and facilitate various forms of fire prevention such as selection of areas or neighborhoods, blocks or buildings before home visits, identification and targeting of different risk groups and customiz
The aim is to illustrate how web marketing frame commercial baby food as a value-adding part of weaning practice and discuss how various ways of framing relate to contemporary mothering ideals. Drawing on “practice” and “frame analysis,” we illustrate how four baby food producers’ web marketing frame commercial baby food and weaning as “medical,” “fun” or “convenient.” The analysis shows that the
Car-sharing systems with electric vehicles are an alternative to reduce commuting times in big cities and also to mitigate air pollution. Car-sharing exists in 1100 cities around the world. These systems have had positive effects in the cities, replacing between 9 and 23 private vehicles for each car. This document proposes a public car-sharing system for Bogotá. The article focuses on the design
