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Uppsatsen har två huvudsakliga syften. Dels att utreda rättsläget rörande anställdas yttrandefrihet och kritikrätt på svensk och europeisk nivå, dels att undersöka vilket skydd svensk rätt ger anställda som avslöjar missförhållanden på arbetsplatsen, s.k. whistleblowing. Bedömningen av det senare sker mot bakgrund av den särskilda whistleblowinglagstiftningen i Norge och England. I svensk rätt äThe thesis has two main purposes. The first one aims at establishing the current legal situation for employees’ freedom of expression and right to criticize the organization in which they work. This is done on a national level as well as on a European level. The second purpose is to investigate the level of protection that Swedish law provides for so called whistleblowers; employees who reveal pos

The role and activities of the European Court of Justice (EJC) have been discussed for couple of decades now. Without any doubt the role that ECJ fulfils today in the European Community is not what it was in the beginning of its existence and perhaps not even what was strictly prescribed by the EC Treaty. In the present thesis will be firstly examined, how the present role of the ECJ, as a quasi-c

Det varumärkesrättsliga skyddsomfånget har påverkats av den globalisering och internationalisering som marknaden har genomgått under den senare delen av 1900-talet och början av 2000-talet. En tydlig tendens är anpassningen av skyddsomfånget efter varumärkens ekonomiska värde. Uppsatsen besvarar frågan vilket skydd väl ansedda varumärken åtnjuter enligt svensk varumärkesrätt och hur detta skydd är

Föreliggande uppsats syftar till att, ur ett svensk perspektiv, belysa vad pantsättning av varumärken egentligen innebär. Möjligheterna till pantsättning av varumärken, och vad det innebär för en kreditgivare att ha pant i ett varumärke eller varumärkesansökan kommer att utredas. Inledningsvis behandlas den allmänna funktionen och syftet bakom panträtten. Härvid visas att panträttens viktigaste fu

In this study, different membranes were tested for their use in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). The membranes were first tested under charge-discharge operation of the VRB over four charge-discharge cycles at different current densities (20 mAcm-2, 40 mA cm-2 and 60 mAcm-2) and the corresponding cell performance was evaluated in terms of total energy efficiency (EE), coulombic efficiency (CE)

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med avhandlingen är att analysera den tekniska och organisatoriska ut¬vecklingen inom svensk banksektor under perioden 1975-2003 samt att se hur för¬ändringar i dessa två variabler påverkat produktivitetsutvecklingen. Utgångspunkten för analysen av den tekniska och organisatoriska förändringen är att det föreligger ett komplementärt förhållande mellan informationThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relation between technological and organizational change in the Swedish banking sector from 1975 to 2003. Besides analyzing the changes in these two variables the effects of the interaction on productivity changes in the sector are examined. The use of the concept of complementarity as a basis for analyzing the interaction between technological and

BACKGROUND: During the last 5 years, there has been an increase in the use of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) to treat knee osteoarthritis in Australia, and these account for almost 6% of annual knee replacement procedures. However, there is debate as to whether a fixed bearing or a mobile bearing design is best for decreasing revision for loosening and disease progression as well as impr

Under Covid-19 pandemin har distansarbete varit en central del i strategin för att minska smittspridningen av viruset. Före pandemin arbetade endast 5 % av arbetstagarna inom EU på distans regelbundet. När pandemin bröt ut ökade andelen distansarbetare inom EU till nästan 40 %. Den snabba omställningen till distansarbete har aktualiserat flera arbetsrättsliga frågor. Syftet med denna uppsats är atDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, telework has been a central part of the strategy to reduce the spread of the virus. Before the pandemic, only 5% of EU workers worked remotely on a regular basis. When the pandemic broke out, the proportion of employees working remotely in the EU increased to almost 40%. The rapid transition to telework has raised several issues of labor law. The purpose of this thesi

Likabehandling av män och kvinnor på arbetsmarknaden utgör en central aspekt för att uppnå jämställdhet i samhället. En grupp arbetstagare som identifierats som särskilt utsatta är förvärvsarbetande föräldrar. Familje-bildning innebär en ingripande livsomställning som ibland kan vara svår att förena med arbetslivet. Därmed uppfattas inte sällan graviditet, vård av sjukt barn och föräldraledighet sEqual treatment for men and women in the labour market is a key aspect of gender equality. Labour law plays a crucial role in providing protection for workers against disadvantageous treatment and discrimination. A group that falls particularly vulnerable towards this sort of unfair treatment are working parents. For many, starting a family is a pivotal moment and one that naturally requires immen

It is established that the glomerular filter sieves macromolecules based on their size, shape, and charge. Anionic proteins are thus retarded compared with their neutral or cationic counterparts. However, recent studies have indicated that charge effects are small, or even "anomalous," for polysaccharides. We therefore investigated the impact of charge on the glomerular permeability to polysacchar

Background Smokers have a substantially increased risk of postoperative complications. Preoperative smoking intervention may be effective in decreasing this incidence, and surgery may constitute a unique opportunity for smoking cessation interventions. Objectives The objectives of this review are to assess the effect of preoperative smoking intervention on smoking cessation at the time of surgery

Popular Abstract in Swedish Fysisk inaktivitet och fetma är ett växande hälsoproblem i hela världen. Tre olika grupper av individer med ett brett spektrum av glukostolerans ingick i avhandlingen. Arbetskapacitet har studerats i en grupp friska fysiskt inaktiva medelålders män med normal glukostolerans i studie I och II. Hos en grupp äldre män med normal glukostolerans (NGT), nedsatt glukostoleranPhysical inactivity and obesity is a growing health problem world wide. Three different samples with a wide range of glucose tolerance were included in the thesis to represent a wider population. The exercise capacity was studied in one group of healthy sedentary middle aged men with normal glucose tolerance in study I and II. In a group of elderly men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaire

Life oil earth was formed during billions of years, exposed to, and shaped by the original physical forces such as gravitation, cosmic irradiation, atmospheric electric fields and the terrestrial magnetism. The Schumann resonances at 7.4 Hz are all example of oscillations possibly important for life.(1)) The existing organisms are created to function in harmony with these forces. However, in the l

Older people with arrhythmias comprise a large group requiring complex care, posing many healthcare challenges. Rapid growth of the older population demands a better understanding of the needs of this patient group. The aim of this thesis was to investigate arrhythmia prevalence, incidence, survival, and experiences from the perspective of a geriatric population (aged 60+ years), and to examine th

Background: At birth, infants' lungs are fluid-filled. For newborns to have a successful transition, this fluid must be replaced by air to enable effective breathing. Some infants are judged to have inadequate breathing at birth and are resuscitated with positive pressure ventilation (PPV). Giving prolonged (sustained) inflations at the start of PPV may help clear lung fluid and establish gas volu

Dijet cross sections as functions of several jet observables are measured in photoproduction using the HI detector at HERA. The data sample comprises e(+)p data with an integrated luminosity of 319 pb(-1). Jets are selected using the inclusive k(perpendicular to) algorithm with a minimum transverse energy of 25 GeV for the leading jet. The phase space covers longitudinal proton momentum fraction x

Background: Clinical egg allergy is a common food allergy. Current management relies upon strict allergen avoidance. Oral immunotherapy might be an optional treatment, through desensitization to egg allergen. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of oral and sublingual immunotherapy in children and adults with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated egg allergy as compared to a placebo treatmen

Syftet med studien är att undersöka det förbättrade upptaget av det radioaktiva spåret Technetium-99m-DTPA (99mTc-DTPA) i råtta Muskelvävnad i Fischer 344 råttor efter applicerade elektriska pulser med olika fältstyrka och pulslängd,Metoder: 99mTc-DTPA (totalt 150 MBq) administrerades intramuskulärt (i.m.) vid axeln som en bolus i flera fraktioner av 50 l vardera i intervaller på 1 minut. Bilder

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children is associated with hyperactivity and impulsivity, attention problems, and difficulties with social interactions. Pharmacological treatment may alleviate the symptoms of ADHD but this rarely solves difficulties with social interactions. Children with ADHD may benefit from interventions designed to improve their social skills.We

Efter att ha dominerat angloamerikansk filosofi under 1800-talets sista decennier kom idealismen att förlora sin ställning efter sekelskiftet, då övergången från viktorianska till modernistiska ideal, snabba sociala förändringar, ökad sekularisering och naturvetenskapens dominans tycktes kräva nytt filosofiskt tänkande. Vid andra världskrigets utbrott var idealismen utdöd och ersatt av den analytiAfter having dominated philosophical thought in Britain and the United States during the end of the nineteenth century, idealism was in steady decline by the outbreak of World War I. Its ideas and ideals seemed unsuited to face the transition from Victorianism to modernism and the rapid social changes of the post-war era. Its Anglo-American proponents—who were often liberals—were accused of indire