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Aims/hypothesis: Non-Western immigrants to Europe are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. In this nationwide study including incident cases of type 2 diabetes, the aim was to compare all-cause mortality (ACM) and cause-specific mortality (CSM) rates in first- and second-generation immigrants with native Swedes. Methods: People living in Sweden diagnosed with new-onset pharmacologically treated type
Many factors influence the language environment in preschool, for example, the language background and competence of the teachers, children's ages, language proficiency levels and language backgrounds, the access to play and learning materials and the composition of preschool groups. There is a lack of knowledge on how various aspects of the interactive language environment in preschool relate to
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been suggested to contribute to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, evidence from epidemiological studies remain divergent. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between PFAS exposure and prevalent diabetes in a cross-sectional analysis
In a future warmer climate, extremely dry, warm summers might become more common. Soil weathering is affected by temperature and precipitation, and climate change and droughts can therefore affect soil chemistry and plant nutrition. In this study, climate change and drought effects on soil weathering rates and release of Ca, Mg, K and Na were studied on seven forest sites across different climates
The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes causes substantial morbidity and mortality. It is unclear if antibodies developed after infections with this pathogen are opsonic and if they are strain specific or more broadly protective. Here, we quantified the opsonic-antibody response following invasive S. pyogenes infection. Four patients with S. pyogenes bacteremia between 2018 and 2020 at Skåne Uni
Rationale & Objective: There is a dearth of data characterizing patients receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT) for kidney failure due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe trends in incidence and prevalence of KRT among these patients as well as to compare their outcomes versus those of patients treated with KRT for diseas
Background: Germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage (GMH-IVH) and encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) remain substantial issues in neonatal intensive care units worldwide. Current therapies to prevent or treat these conditions are limited. Stem cell-based therapies offer a potential therapeutic approach to repair, restore, or regenerate injured brain tissue. These preclinical findings have no
Spectral induced polarization is a well-established geophysical method that can be measured in both time- and frequency domain. Time- and frequency domain methods are theoretically equivalent via the Fourier transform. However, data acquisition parameters such as the sampling frequency and pulse length affect the actual spectral content of real time domain waveforms. Comparative studies showing th
The ongoing 2023 Israel-Hamas War has severe and far-reaching consequences for the people, economy, food security, and environment. The immediate impacts of damage and destruction to cities and farms are apparent in widespread reporting and first-hand accounts from within the Gaza Strip. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessment of the war's impacts on key Gazan agricultural land that a
BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, with or without neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), exhibit greater neuronal impairment compared to healthy individuals in terms of neuronal damage, magnet resonance imaging (MRI) changes and cognitive dysfunction. Interferon (IFN)-α is a key immunopathogenic driver of SLE, being persistently overexpressed in the majority of patients. This longitu
Background: Adult hip dysplasia is one of the few potentially modifiable risk factors for hip osteoarthritis (OA). However, the prevalence of hip dysplasia and the strength of its association with OA are not fullyunderstood.Aims and methods:I. To determine the prevalence of hip dysplasia in a Swedish population and investigate whether the condition was mentioned in radiology reports. The center ed
Conceptual design is the first phase in the design process in which all the requirements and design objectives are synthesized into conceptual alternatives. In practice today, major decisions regarding the buildings geometry, massing, and overall form are usually made during the first phase. Considering structural performance requirements during conceptual design enhances interdisciplinary interac
Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth after cellulose, found in virtually all plantswhere it is responsible for rigidity, hydrophobicity and mineral transport. For a long time, it has been considereda waste in the paper production process and incinerated for its energy content. However, with the depletion ofcrude oil reserves, it has been found to have a large potential to become
Before going into details and regulations behind the safeguard measures it's important to understand the basic starting point. The members of WTO all agree to have tariffs at a certain level and the member countries are prohibited to raise the tariffs above this level. This makes the system predictable&semic every one knows the tariff levels. Speaking in a broad sense one can say that this
Texo AB is a private company which is specialized on development of looms for production of paper machine clothing. The company is located to Älmhult in southern Sweden and today employs about 90 persons. The calculation job treats 4 independent tasks, of which 3 is dealing with the same type of machine which is almost at the prototype state at the moment. The new machine TC 74 is a cam controlled
Idrottande ungdomar, i åldern 12-20 år, har ett specialbehov vad gäller kosten i jämförelse med andra individer. Då ungdomarna fortfarande växer och utvecklas är en sund kosthållning ytterst angeläget för upprätthållande av en normal kroppslig utveckling. Dessutom ställs i och med idrottandet högre krav på näringsintaget eftersom mer energi- och näringsämnen samt vätska förbrukas på grund av den fYoung athletes, between 12-20 years, have special dietary needs in comparison to other individuals. Since these individuals are still growing and maturing, a healthy diet is of utmost importance for the maintenance of a normal physical development. Moreover; due to physical activity the requirements of energy, nutrients and fluids are higher for young athletes. In order to achieve optimal physical
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Arktis har under de senaste årtiondena upplevt betydande uppvärmning och enligt prognoser förväntas ytterligare höjningar av både lufttemperatur och nederbörd under det kommande århundradet. Det förändrade klimatet har haft omfattande konsekvenser för permafrosten (ständigt frusen mark) som format och kraftigt präglar stora delar av det arktiska landskapet. Med öThe Arctic region has experienced significant warming in the past decades and according to predictions further increases in air temperatures and precipitation will occur during the 21st century. Recent changes in climate have had widespread implications for the permafrost around the Arctic. Shorter periods of snow covering the Arctic regions significantly reduce the average annual albedo which dra
Utländska direktinvesteringar i EU skapar arbetstillfällen och för med sig kapital samt expertis från hela världen. Utländska direktinvesteringar är dock inte helt utan risk då de även kan ge upphov till hot mot säkerheten eller allmänna ordningen i unionen. I syfte att hantera dessa risker antogs förordning (EU) 2019/452 av den 19 mars 2019 om upprättande av en ram för granskning av utländska dirForeign direct investments into the EU creates jobs and brings in capital and expertise from all over the world. However, foreign direct investments are not without risks as they can also cause threats to public policy or security in the Union. To mitigate these risks, the EU regulation 2019/452 of 19 March 2019 establishing a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments into the Unio
Rockfalls occur around Sweden every year and the country lacks a national risk evaluation and an adequate regulatory framework for construction related to this natural hazard. The aim of this study is to address this problem by mapping areas under possible threat of rockfalls, considering two fundamental aspects: i) identification of the source areas and ii) estimation of the runout zones. The stu
The importance of sterilization processes has been a major topic in the food manufacturing industry since it preserves the quality and provides longer shelf-life by preventing microbiological recontamination of products. Aseptic packaging is an alternative technique to pack commercially sterile products into containers with a very low recontamination rate, thus, the entire production chain must be
