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Migration of highly skilled individuals or brain drain is an integral part of the globalization. Education is a crucial determinant of human capital accumulation in the country and therefore, a source of economic growth. The aim of this paper is to assess migration tendency as a function of educational level for the Eastern European region. While most previous studies have focused on the rural mig
In this thesis, the idea of Knowledge Management (KM) and the planning of the introduction of what is called a “KM approach” in the European Parliament (EP) is studied. The first purpose is to analyze how existing KM thoughts can be supplemented by insights from a subset of democratic theory (e-democracy), by placing focus on the elected representative and his or her information needs. Five “democ
Imagining how contemporary conflicts have divided societies in the recent times put one in a position to think of possibilities that will improve the activities of reconciliation initiatives for a lasting peaceful coexistence in the aftermath of conflicts. In Rwanda series of conflicts have emerged since the end of colonial rule till the genocide in 1994 calling for a necessary transitional justic
CONTEXT: Understanding factors involved in the rate of C-peptide decline is needed to tailor therapies for type 1 diabetes (T1D). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate factors associated with rate of C-peptide decline after a T1D diagnosis in young children. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Academic centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 57 participants from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (
Pacific Island countries are already experiencing severe impacts from climate change and these will likely increase in the future. In response, a plethora of climate change adaptation projects have been implemented across the region with the aim of assisting those most affected. Yet these projects have largely failed to reduce vulnerability to climate change in a meaningful way. This chapter addre
Background and aims: Gut transit time is a key modulator of host-microbiome interactions, yet this is often overlooked, partly because reliable methods are typically expensive or burdensome. The aim of this single-arm, single-blinded intervention study is to assess (1) the relationship between gut transit time and the human gut microbiome, and (2) the utility of the a € blue dye' method as an inex
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults, with mutations in the NPM1 gene occurring in almost one third of all cases. The ability to detect residual leukemia below the resolution of conventional microscopy is crucial for evaluation of relapse risk after therapy. In principle, this can be achieved by measuring residual disease (MRD) with two different approac
Inherited bleeding disorders constitute a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, affecting virtually all major components of the hemostatic system. The diagnostics are potentially complex, and a high proportion of patients remain without a conclusive diagnosis following work-up. In recent years, advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have facilitated the use of genetic investiga
The literature on catch-up cycles has not yet systematically conceptualized how catch-up dynamics differ between the various industries that are emerging in the green techno-economic paradigm. We address this gap by connecting catch-up cycle theory with an industry typology from global innovation systems (GISs) literature, which distinguishes four generic industry types with footloose, spatially s
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a deterioration of neuronal connectivity. The pathological accumulation of tau in neurons is one of the hallmarks of AD and has been connected to the loss of dendritic spines of pyramidal cells, which are the major targets of cortical excitatory synapses and key elements in memory storage. However, the detailed m
Nucleobase and nucleoside analogs (NNA) are widely used as anti-viral and anti-cancer agents, and NNA phosphorylation is essential for the activity of this class of drugs. Recently, diphosphatase NUDT15 was linked to thiopurine metabolism with NUDT15 polymorphism associated with drug toxicity in patients. Profiling NNA drugs, we identify acyclovir (ACV) and ganciclovir (GCV) as two new NNAs metabo
Bacteriophages vB_YpeM_fEV-1 (fEV-1) and vB_YpeM_fD1 (fD1) were isolated from incoming sewage water samples in Turku, Finland, using Yersinia pestis strains EV76 and KIM D27 as enrichment hosts, respectively. Genomic analysis and transmission electron microscopy established that fEV-1 is a novel type of dwarf myovirus, while fD1 is a T4-like myovirus. The genome sizes are 38 and 167 kb, respective
Preceding studies on morbidities and mortalities associated with TB in a cohort of HIV care indicate high incidence of TB development and premature death among patients on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). This study aims to measure the rate of TB, TB mortality, and associated risk factors following commencement of HAART in a cohort of patients attending HIV care in Ethiopia. Patient
Many pathogenic bacteria utilise sialic acids as an energy source or use them as an external coating to evade immune detection. As such, bacteria that colonise sialylated environments deploy specific transporters to mediate import of scavenged sialic acids. Here, we report a substrate-bound 1.95 Å resolution structure and subsequent characterisation of SiaT, a sialic acid transporter from Proteus
Cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers in therapeutic hypothermia have been studied in cardiac arrest, but data on patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with therapeutic hypothermia are currently unavailable. A multiplex proximity extension assay allowed us to measure 157 cardiovascular disease (CVD) and inflammatory disease-related biomarkers in patients fro
This Letter presents a search for exotic decays of the Higgs boson to a pair of new (pseudo)scalar particles, H→aa, where the a particle has a mass in the range 20–60 GeV, and where one of the a bosons decays into a pair of photons and the other to a pair of gluons. The search is performed in event samples enhanced in vector-boson fusion Higgs boson production by requiring two jets with large inva
Aim: This study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) of cancer patients, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance of 3-4, in contact with or without contact, with a specialized palliative care unit (PCU) at a low-resource governmental cancer hospital, as well as studying the impact of this contact on the QoL in their caregivers. Materials and Methods: Hospitalized patien
