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Miljöanpassad offentlig upphandling betraktas idag som en viktig del i främjandet av en positiv miljö- och samhällsutveckling. Detta beror dels på den offentliga upphandlingens stora ekonomiska betydelse, dels på att miljöhänsyn är en aspekt av offentlig upphandling som tillmäts allt större betydelse. Genom att ställa miljökrav i offentlig upphandling kan upphandlande myndigheter påverka utbudet aToday, green public procurement is considered an important part of a positive environmental and social development. This is partly because of the large economic importance of public procurement and partly because environmental considerations constitute an aspect of public procurement with increased significance. By imposing environmental requirements, contracting authorities can affect the supply

Meddelarfriheten är en viktig del av yttrandefriheten och offentlighetsprincipen. Den skapar förutsättningar för allmän granskning och allmän debatt om vad som sker i den offentliga verksamheten. Det finns dock en naturlig intressekonflikt mellan insyn och sekretess. Gällande avvägningen mellan insyn och sekretess i förundersökningar har det uppstått debatt om i vilken utsträckning regleringen är The freedom to communicate information is an essential part of the freedom of speech. Together with the principle of public access to official records, it seeks to ensure a public and open debate on the work of the governmental and municipal authorities. But, there is a natural conflict of interest between transparency and confidentiality. The legislation regarding transparency and confidentiality

Author: Alida Karlman and Emma Jonerud Title: Young Children's Opportunities towards Development and Attachment at an Orphanage in Uganda Supervisor: Bodil Rasmusson Assesor: Malin Arvidson This study was performed at the orphanage Sanyu Babies Home in the capital city Kampala of Uganda and became possible with the financial support through the Minor Field Study (MFS) scholarship from SIDA. T

This study aims to investigate what possibilities policymaking have, specifically the design of parental leave policies, to reach a more gender equal division of unpaid housework. The investigation poses the question, how the design of the Swedish and Danish parental leave policies, in respect of reserved ”daddy quotas”, have effected the long-term gender division of unpaid housework. There is no

I denna uppsats undersöker jag vilken betydelse lojalitetsplikten kan ha för försäkringsbolag i dessas skaderegleringsverksamhet. Det finns ingen legaldefinition avseende begreppet lojalitetsplikt och det finns heller ingen bestämmelse med räckvidd över hela förmögenhetsrätten som ålägger avtalsparter en lojalitetsplikt. Någon lojalitetsplikt finns inte heller stadgad i försäkringsavtalslagen (200In this paper I explore the significance of the duty of loyalty for insurance companies while managing insurance claims. A duty of loyalty is not legally defined in statutory law and no general legal provision applicable to all contracts exists that imposes a duty of loyalty upon a contracting party. No such provision exists in the Insurance Contracts Act (SFS 2005:104). Nonetheless, a duty of loy

Skatterättslig företrädaransvar innebär att en företrädare för ett bolag blir solidariskt betalningsansvarig med bolaget för dess obetalda skatter. När Skatteverket upptäcker obetalda skatter hos bolag och anser att företrädaren har agerat uppsåtligen eller grovt oaktsamt ansöker de om företrädaransvar hos förvaltningsrätten. Företrädaren kan sedan bli befriad från betalningsansvaret om särskilda Liability of a representative within the area of tax law means that a representative of a legal entity becomes jointly liable with the company for the company's unpaid taxes. When the Swedish Tax Agency discovers such an unpaid tax, they apply for liability of a representative at the administrative court if they consider that the representative has acted intentionally or grossly negligently. T

År 2014 antogs direktiv 2014/65EU, även kallat MiFID II. Direktivet reglerar bland annat hur finansiella institut ska organisera sin verksamhet för att skydda kundernas intresse i de fall kunderna handlar med finansiella instrument. Direktivet är skrivet med ett starkt kundskydd och harmoniserad inre marknad som mål. Två år senare, 2016, antogs direktiv 2016/97, även kallat IDD. IDD är motsvarandeThe financial crisis 2008 revealed several weaknesses in the regulation on the financial markets. It was evident that a new, stricter, regulation was needed to be created. Directive 2014/65EU, MiFID II and directive 2016/97, IDD, is a part of the new financial regulation. MiFID II regulates how financial institutes can interact with investors, when investors seek to buy or sell financial instrumen

Syftet med denna uppsats är att kritiskt granska ändamålen med nämndemän för att ta reda på om dessa är välgrundade. Syftet är vidare att undersöka om några önskvärda förändringar kan göras för att uppnå ett mer ändamålsenligt system. Den rättsdogmatiska metoden har tillämpats för att klargöra för det nuvarande systemet med nämndemän samt om regleringen kring systemet borde förändras. Framförallt The aim of this essay is to critically examine the values of laymen in court to find out if these are justified. Furthermore, the purpose is to see if any desirable changes could be made to achieve a system more conform with the intentions of laymen. The essay has been written through a method that allows legally accepted sources to be used to clarify the Swedish system with laymen and whether the

For the development of a joint European capacity for monitoring CO2 emissions, we created the framework “CO2 Monitoring Challenges City Mapbooks v1.0” (CMC-CITYMAP). It includes a Jupyter notebook tool (Storm et al., 2025a, https://doi.org/10.18160/P8SV-B99F) which we use to characterise and cluster cities based on aspects relevant for different CO2 monitoring challenges. These include:a. determin

In this work, a three-dimensional TiO2-graphene composite with large specific surface area is designed by freeze drying. In this architecture, primary TiO2 nanoparticles (less than 10 nm in size) are wrapped with graphene homogeneously, forming spherical secondary particles (≈100 nm), and the spherical TiO2 particles further agglomerate into platelet-like particles with several micrometers in size

Introduction Despite an increasing amount of research related to gender-affirming treatment (GAT) outcomes among transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people (ie, people who experience discomfort or distress in the misalignment between their gender and sex assigned at birth) in recent years, the evidence base for current recommendations is suboptimal. One contributing factor is the heterogeneity in

Acta Geotechnica June 2013, Volume 8, Issue 3, pp 247-263 Localized deformation in intensely fissured clays studied by 2D digital image correlation C. Vitone, G. Viggiani, F. Cotecchia, S. A. Hall … show all 4 hide Citations 368 Downloads 200 Citations 9 Comments » Download PDF (3,181 KB) » View Article Abstract This paper represents a further step in a longstanding research on the influence

The addition of crop residues is a common farming practice to increase the organic carbon content of agricultural soils with particular importance in organically managed crops. Residues can be added either from the crop plant itself or from other plants and the type of litter may differentially affect decomposer populations. Effects of litter addition may cascade up to affect generalist predators

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to add to the understanding of how national humanitarian workers in northern Burkina Faso experience workplace motivation. The study followed an abductive logic in which the national workers’ perceptions served as the empirical grounding of a reflection on workplace motivation and its impacts through Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory. The methods u

The atomic arrangement of the terminating facets on spinel Co3O4 nanocrystals is strongly linked to their catalytic performance. However, the spinel crystal structure offers multiple possible surface terminations depending on the synthesis. Thus, understanding the terminating surface atomic structure is essential in developing high-performance Co3O4 nanocrystals. In this work, we present direct at

To achieve sustainable metal-free electron-Fenton, N self-doped biochar air-cathode (BCAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing coffee residues. During the pyrolysis process, the endogenous N transformed from edge-doping to graphite-doping. Particularly, N vacancies started to evolve when the peak temperature exceeded 700 °C. A high Tetracycline removal rate of 70.42% was obtained on the BCAC at the current

Ternary III-V nanowires are commonly grown using the Au-seeded vapor-liquid-solid method, wherein the solid nanowires are grown from nanoscale liquid seed particles, which are supplied with growth species from the surrounding vapor phase. A result of the small size of these seed particles is that their composition can vary significantly during the cyclical layer-by-layer growth, despite experienci

Across the physics disciplines, the 186Pb nucleus is the only known system, where the two first excited states, together with the ground state, form a triplet of zero-spin states assigned with prolate, oblate and spherical shapes. Here we report on a precision measurement where the properties of collective transitions in 186Pb were determined in a simultaneous in-beam γ-ray and electron spectrosco

Background: Markers of downstream events are a key component of clinical trials of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Morphometric metrics like cortical thickness are established measures of atrophy but are not sensitive enough to detect Aβ-related changes that occur before overt atrophy become visible. We aimed to investigate to what extent diffusion MRI can provide sensiti