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The honorific prefix is often mistaken for being Bikago, in fact it is not. The honorific prefixes serve two purposes, to show respect and to beautify words and Bikago is the term for the beautified words. It is hard to distinguish when the honorific prefix is used to show respect or to beautify words because it all depends on the context when used. Normally the prefix O- and Go- cannot be used w

The thesis is an attempt to analyse the concept of limitation of liability for maritime claims with multiple legal and policy perspectives. In trying to analyse the issues related to limitation of liability, the thesis explores the historical background to the development of the concept of limitation of liability within both civil and common law. A synoptic overview on the development of intern

This thesis aims to study the relation between fertility behavior and labor market in Japan. The slack youth employment market has been blamed for the continuously declining fertility rate. However, the linkage between labor market fluctuation and fertility behavior is empirically unclear. Based on the micro data compiled from Japanese Generally Social Survey, I apply discrete time hazard model an

Increased greenhouse gas emissions generated by human activity are causing climate change. This has created a need for greater production of renewable energy. Biogas produced from organic waste such as manure and municipal solid organic waste could contribute to meeting the increased demand for renewables. Through anaerobic digestion biogas is produced and the remains, the digestate, contains almo

Within the field of ecotoxicology there is a concept called combination effects. There are two different approaches to combination effects, independent action (IA) and concentration addition (CA). The common assumption in both approaches is that there are no interactions between the substances within the mixture. These approaches are used for predicting the toxicity of whole mixtures and also to e

High-pressure metamorphism and deformation of the Ullared Deformation Zone (UDZ) in the Eastern segment of the Sveconorwegian Orogen, southwest Sweden is evidenced by ~ 970 Ma retro-eclogite found in association with upper amphibolite and high-pressure granulite facies rocks. Petrographic, structural and geochronological studies of the UDZ were carried out to better understand the regional metamor

A silo discharge with a bulk material consisting of iron ore pellets is studied. The silo is about 65 meters high and 38 meters wide. The quality of pellets decreases when they are exposed to high stresses while moving. The stresses are therefore not allowed to exceed a certain threshold. It must also be possible to trace the origin of a sample from the discharge. To fulfill these two demands the o

Poststroke depression (PSD) är en vanlig komplikation efter stroke. Klimatvårdens effekter vid rehabilitering av strokepatienter utgör en vetenskaplig kunskapslucka. Syfte: Att undersöka klimatvårdens inverkan på stämningsläget hos strokepatienter. Metod: En kvalitativ intervju med semistrukturerade frågor samt ett kvantitativt självskattningsinstrument i form av en enkät, HAD (Hospital Anxiety anPoststroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after stroke. The effects of climate therapy on rehabilitation of stroke patients constitute a scientific knowledge gap. Purpose: To investigate the impact of climate therapy on the mood of stroke patients. Method: A qualitative interview with semi-structured questions and a quantitative self- assessment tool in the form of a survey, HAD (Hospi

För att ett företag ska kunna bli beskattat för vinsten i ett land, krävs att företaget i fråga kan anses ha ett fast driftställe i landet. Den svenska definitionen av begreppet bygger på det modellavtal som OECD har producerat. Den svenska definitionen innehåller inga specifika undantag från fast driftställe utan har istället ett övergripande krav att verksamheten ska vara förberedande eller bitrFor a company to be taxed for their profit in a state, the company has to be attributed to a permanent establishment in the state in question. The Swedish definition of a permanent establishment is inspired by the definition found in the model tax treaty of OECD. The definition found in the Swedish tax law does not contain any specific activities which are subject to exception from the term perman

Sedan 2010 är föräldrar som är vårdnadshavare solidariskt skadeståndsskyldiga med sina barn för skador som barnen orsakat genom brott. Ansvaret är begränsat till sak- och personskador samt skador genom kränkning, och skadeståndets storlek begränsat till en femtedels prisbasbelopp per skadehändelse. Regeln infördes trots, och utan hänsyn till, den omfattande kritik som framfördes av otaliga remissiSince 2010, parents who are custodians are jointly and severally liable with their children for damages that the children have caused by crime. The liability is limited to property and personal injuries as well as damages through violation, and the amount of the damages is limited to one-fifth of the price base amount per claim. The rule was introduced despite, and without regard to, the extensive

Bostadsmarknaden avseende nyproducerade bostadsrätter har under senare tid präglats av så kallade förhandsavtal. Med försenade byggprojekt och en vikande bostadsmarknad har man i media kunnat läsa om förhandstecknare som önskar häva sina ingångna förhandsavtal. Argumenten bygger på försening av upplåtelse och tillträde, men även på att de utformade förhandsavtalen är otydliga vilket i sig skulle kThe housing market regarding newly produced co-operative apartments has recently been characterized by contracts made in advance (Contracts, swe. förhandsavtal.) With delayed construction projects and with a declining housing market, it has been possible to read about buyers who want to break their Contracts in media. The arguments are not only based on the delay of grant and access to the apartme

The public sector has approached the private sector, which can be seen in, for example, private public partnership (PPP). In this study, the relationship between democratic process and substance requirements within PPP is examined. The purpose of the thesis is to qualitatively examine what place democratic process and substance requirements possess in PPP and how it relates to institutional logic

Salience approaches are a widely used theory when studying political behavior on how political party’s emphases certain policy issues more than other issues and therefore, defining certain topics as more important to the party than other policies. One of the most important documents studying policy salience is the election manifestos parties present to the voters, containing intentions and views o

High mountain regions have experienced decreased glacier stability due to varying climate conditions. As glaciers melt, they are being replaced by glacial lakes of different sizes, some of which are prone to outburst flooding, and have caused catastrophic damage to downstream settlements and infrastructure. The study proposes a framework for a first stage hazard assessment of glacial lakes using G

I dagens samhälle kan mycket förklaras med hjälp av fysik, men det finns också väldigt mycket som vi inte kan förklara eller förstår fullt ut. Ett exempel på detta är vår egen galax, Vintergatan. Hur bildades den? Varför ser den ut som den gör? Det finns flera teorier om hur det kan ha gått till, men mycket är ännu oklart för forskare. Teorierna måste testas. I dag består Vintergatan av många olikThe aim of this thesis is to get a better understanding of the evolution of the Milky Way stellar disc by looking at the abundance ratios for neutron-capture elements in thin and thick disc stars. In this project the formation of our Galaxy’s thin and thick disc was studied by analysing 10 different neutron-capture elements in field stars measured by Gaia-ESO. The methodology to determine if this

Denna studie behandlar ämnet sexuellt våld i krig och konflikt under den 36 år långa konflikten i Guatemala, mer specifikt ett rättsfall i Guatemalan Court for High Risk Crimes A från februari 2016, då sexuellt våld i konflikt för första gången prövades i nationell domstol. Utifrån Michel Foucaults koncept om diskursiv makt och Paulina de los Reyes och Diana Mulinaris intersektionella perspektiv aThis paper deals with sexual violence in war and conflict during the 36 year long conflict in Guatemala, and more specifically a case in the Guatemalan Court for High Risk Crimes A from february 2016, which constitutes the first time sexual violence in conflict was tried in a domestic court. Drawing on the concept of discursive power put forward by Michel Foucault and discourses as constituting an

Åldersdatering innebär att man åldersbestämmer geologiska enheter och processer. Detta görs genom att mäta förhållandet mellan moder- och dotterisotop för radioaktiva grundämnen. Geokronologin är viktig för att kunna återskapa den geologiska historien för en kontinent. Man kan t.ex. erhålla tidsinformation kring när större landmassor bröts upp, genom att t.ex. identifiera och studera stora vulkaniIn recent years, there has been a significant improvement in our ability to determine the ages of extensive short-lived magmatic events (large igneous provinces) dominated by rocks of mafic (silica-poor) compositions. This has been aided by targeting the magmatic feeders to these large igneous provinces (e.g., dykes and sills), which often host trace amounts of datable zirconium minerals such as b