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Objectives: Asthma and allergic diseases are the most frequent chronic diseases in childhood worldwide, and considered a burden for the affected children and their families. The diseases impose an economic burden on society if not diagnosed and treated properly and management of and these diseases are challenging for healthcare professionals. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.METHODS: We used the comparative risk assessment
BACKGROUND: Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015. These results informed an in-depth investigati
Background Providing high quality nursing care for patients with malignancies is complex and driven by many factors. Many of the associations between nursing care quality, trust, health status and individualized care remain obscure. Objective To empirically test a model of association linking hospitalized cancer patients’ health status, nursing care quality, perceived individuality in care and tru
γδ T cells have been attributed a wide variety of functions, which in some cases may appear as contradictory. To better understand the enigmatic biology of γδ T cells it is crucial to define the constituting subpopulations. γδ T cells have previously been categorized into two subpopulations: CD8aa+ and CD8- cells. In this study we have defined and characterized a novel subset of human γδ T-cells e
Spirally corrugated tube is one of the most important parts of coaxial heat exchangers. It can greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency of heat exchangers. Here, a novel spirally corrugated tube with six-start is proposed. However, up to now, there is little literature about the heat transfer performance and flow field of this novel six-start spirally corrugated tube. In this paper, the effect
Background: This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been inconclusive. Objectives: To assess the effect of dietary fibre on the recurren
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is an important human pathogen that causes both superficial and invasive infections. Penicillin is now rarely used in the treatment of SA infections due to widespread resistance and a concern about the accuracy of existing methods for penicillin susceptibility testing. The aims of the present study were to determine the frequency of penicillin-susceptible SA
Sustainability science is a wide and integrative scientific field. It embraces both complementary and contradictory approaches and perspectives for dealing with newer sustainability challenges in the context of old and persistent social problems. In this article we suggest a combined approach called social fields and natural systems. It builds on field theory and systems thinking and can assist su
Rock cutting and crushing stands for a considerable part of the world use of Cemented Carbide (CC). CC is preferred due to its hardness while maintaining high fracture toughness. However, new cutting tool materials are developed allowing increased efficiency whilst minimizing the use of critical raw material such as tungsten and cobalt. One material showing promising capabilities is Polycrystallin
Background: The prevailing diagnostic criteria for CKD are age-independent, but have been challenged in light of the eGFR decline associated with normal aging. The stages of CKD communicate magnitude of risk of ESRD, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality. Aims: This study aims to provide more insight into the morbidity and mortality associated with eGFR levels corresponding to the current CKD st
BACKGROUND: Achieving weight loss is the cornerstone of the treatment of the metabolic consequences of obesity, in particular of glucose intolerance.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether improvement in glucose control depends on dietary macronutrient composition of the diet at identical weight loss.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two weeks old diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice lost weight through caloric re
This work reports on a study of chemical kinetic modelling of ammonia/hydrogen/air ignition, premixed flame propagation and NO emission. A survey of chemical mechanisms available in the literature was first conducted, and the performance of 10 mechanisms was analysed in terms of the prediction of shock tube ignition delay times, laminar fla
Purpose: This paper studies a Swedish municipality that wants to go beyond its own operations, involving the local industry in saving energy to improve the environment. The paper aims to analyse the experiences and practical implications of using policy networks for implementing energy-efficiency measures in private industrial companies. Design/methodology/approach: The researchers closely followe
Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative human pathogen that resides in the upper respiratory tract. Encapsulated H. influenzae type b (Hib) and type f (Hif) are the most common serotypes associated with invasive disease. H. influenzae displays various strategies to circumvent the host innate immune response, including the bactericidal effect of the complement system. In this study, we identified
Collateral damage caused by extracellular histones has an immediate impact on morbidity and mortality in many disease models. A significant increase in the levels of extracellular histones is seen in critically ill patients with trauma and sepsis. We showed that histones are released from necrotic cells in patients with invasive skin infections. Under in vitro conditions, endogenous p33, an endoth
Long-term studies of outcome after stroke are scarce. Our aim was to study functional status and patient-reported outcome 10 years after a first-ever stroke.Ten-year follow-up was conducted among the survivors from a population-based group of 416 patients included in the Lund Stroke Register, Sweden, between March 1, 2001, and February 28, 2002. The Barthel index was used to assess the functional
Extra-tropical cyclone frequency and intensity are Currently under intense scrutiny because of the destruction recent windstorms have brought to Europe, and because they are a major meridional heat transport mechanism that may respond to differential latitudinal warming trends. Several studies using reanalysis data covering the second half of the 20th century Suggest increasing storm intensity in
