Filtyp
Recent decades have been characterised by increasingly complex governance structures. In order to tackle threats from epidemics, environmental degradation and other trans-boundary problems governments collaborate not only with actors from other governments, international agencies and civil society, but also from the private sector and business community. Large numbers of global partnerships, inclu
Background: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is diagnosed at a metastatic stage but no diagnostic effort is spared to find the primary cancers because these will guide the treatment. Consequently, the diagnostic work-up for CUP is more comprehensive than for any other cancer, resulting in detection of second cancers unrelated to CUP. We want to use the detection rate of second cancers as a measure
Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling behandlas brosk proteiners roll såsom antigen och tillgänglighet av immunsystemet i artrit. Sex artiklar omfattas, där fyra presenterar nya djur modeller för reumatoid artrit (RA), en visar hur en genetisk störning av ett broskprotein kan förvärra artrit och den sista hur posttransnationell modifiering av kollagen typ II (CII) påverkar T-cells toleranIn this thesis the role of cartilage proteins and their potential as antigen and availability to the immune system in arthritis were investigated. Six papers are included; where four present new animal models for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one shows how genetic disorders in cartilage may affect arthritis and the last how posttranslational modification of collagen type II (CII) affects tolerance. P
Abstract in UndeterminedIt has so far been difficult to identify genes behind polygenic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and type I diabetes (T1D). With proper animal models, some of the complexity behind these diseases can be reduced. The use of linkage analysis and positional cloning of genes in animal models for RA resulted in the identification of
In order to investigate whether previous findings of ubiquitous skin papillomavirus infection in Caucasians apply to populations from other parts of the world, skin swab samples from Bangladesh, Japan, Ethiopia and Zambia were analysed in parallel with Swedish samples. The prevalence of HPV DNA in the material from Bangladesh was 68 %, Japan 54 %, Ethiopia 52 %, Zambia 42 % and Sweden 70 %. A grea
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which the 0 cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body's own immune system. IL12 plays a role in pathological situations, such as septic shock, tissue damage during inflammation, and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In NOD mice, administration of IL12 induces T1DM and administration of IL12 antagonists prevents T1DM. Linkage and a
A five-cylinder diesel engine, converted to a single cylinder operated optical engine is run in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) mode. A blend of iso-octane and n-heptane is used as fuel. An experimental study of the horizontal boundary layer between the main combustion and the non-reacting surface of the combustion chamber is conducted as a function of speed, load, swirl and inject
Human embryonic skin fibroblasts were pretreated with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) for 6 h and then labeled with [35S]sulphate and [3H]leucine for 24 h. Radiolabeled proteoglycans from the culture medium and the cell layer were isolated and separated by isopycnic density-gradient centrifugation, followed by gel, ion-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatography. The major prote
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avfallshantering ägnas nuförtiden ett ökande intresse. Detta verk syftar till att analysera hur vanligt förekommande företagsekonomiska modeller och metoder liksom principen om att förorenaren betalar (The "Polluter-Pays Principle" (PPP)), generellt kan appliceras på management av avfallshantering och specifikt på segregering av olika avfallsfraktioner i syfte att medgeIncreased attention is nowadays devoted to waste management. The objective of this work is to analyse how commonly known business economic models and methods, as well as the Polluter-Pays Principle, can be applied to waste management in general and to waste fractionation in particular, so as to facilitate environmental optimisation of industrial and construction waste fractionation. In discussing
Popular Abstract in Swedish I EU-tider är det viktigt att inte bara studera EU-rätten och dess applicering på svenska förhållanden. Det är också viktigt att skaffa och öka kunskapen om förhållanden i de andra medlemsstater som är med om att förhandla fram EU:s arbetsrätt. En viktig skillnad mellan medlemsstaterna är hur relationerna mellan de kollektiva aktörerna på arbetsmarknaden, industrial rel
A 2-month psychological questionnaire concerning pregnancy was answered by 20,920 nondiabetic mothers of singletons. Retrospective analysis showed increased levels of islet autoantibodies (1A) in 290 (1.4%) newborns. High IA levels in the child's cord blood correlated strongly with IA levels in the mother (GADA r = 0.91, P < 0.0001; IA-2A r = 0.75, P = 0.0001). High IA levels were found in newborn
The efficient in vitro inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase by trisodium phosphonoformate (PFA, INN: foscarnet sodium) and its low toxicity suggested that PFA could be used as a therapeutic agent for hepatitis B infection. PFA was also found to inhibit woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) DNA polymerase in vitro. As a model to test PFA's eventual effect, chronically WHV infected woodchucks we
Jesper Svenbro’s poetry can be understood as forming a lyrical poetics. This poetics can be extracted from the many poems that focus and reflect on the ontology of poetry and language, the creation and different functions of lyrical poetry, and the question of reference. This dissertation highlights the main principles of this poetics, charts its development over time, and shows the different ways
Intramyocellular triacylglycerol (TG) is an important energy store, and the energy content of this depot is higher than the energy content of the muscle glycogen depot. It has recently been shown that the mobilization of fatty acids from this TG pool may be regulated by the neutral lipase hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). This enzyme is known to be rate limiting for intracellular TG hydrolysis in ad
P>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The present study describes TLR expression and function in healthy and malignant airway epithelial cells. The squamous cell carcinoma cell line Detroit-562 was compared with the healthy bronchial epithelial cell line NL-20 and primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs). TLR2, TLR3 and TLR5 were present in pri
Purpose Radiation therapy is frequently used in treating different types of tumors, although associated with serious side effects, such as fibrosis and complicated diarrhea. This study was designed to define the adhesive mechanisms behind radiotherapy-induced leukocyte recruitment in the colon. Methods All mice, except control animals, were radiated with a single dose of 20 Gy. Mice were pretreate
Background. Several clinical studies have suggested possible increase in cardiovascular risk during and in the first weeks after an acute inflammatory disease. Using influenza vaccine as inflammatory stimulus, we investigated whether arterial endothelial dysfunction could persist beyond the inflammatory state, and whether amplified oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) accompanie
Objectives This study sought to determine whether serum levels of testosterone and estradiol associate with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a large population-based cohort of elderly men. Background Few studies have explored the relationship between serum sex steroids and lower extremity PAD in men. Methods The Swedish arm of the MrOS (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men) study (n =
In October 1998 Stockholm County launched a 3-year vaccination campaign with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23) directed towards all elderly persons. We analysed the impact of this campaign on the incidence and serotype distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Stockholm County, where the vaccine coverage was 36%, as compared to Skane County, where no vaccinati
User participation in the delivery and evaluation of mental health services has become an important policy element in the development of these services. An important area where user involvement could be especially useful concerns satisfaction with care, which has become considered an important indicator of service excellence. The overall aim of this study was to investigate user satisfaction with
