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The simulation of current and projected wildfires is essential for predicting crucial aspects of vegetation patterns, biogeochemical cycling as well as pyrogenic emissions across the African continent. This study uses a data-driven approach to parameterize two burned area models applicable to dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) and Earth system models (ESMs). We restricted our analysis to variables f

Popular Abstract in Swedish Dödligheten i skador i Sverige har under de senaste årtiondena minskat, en minskning som idag dock har planat ut. Antalet dödade i transportolyckor och i arbetsplatsolyckor i Sverige har minskat under de senaste 40 åren vilket kan ses som ett resultat av ett effektivt säkerhetsarbete. När det gäller fallolyckor så har däremot andelen som dör av sina skador ökat markant Injuries are often associated with long-term suffering and lowered functioning, and personal injuries impose a huge burden on medical care and health services in addition to the costs associated with impaired functional ability. Each year in Sweden, falling accidents are experienced by a third of those aged 60 or over and half of those aged 80 or over, while injuries from traffic accidents still a

Ideas and concepts about evaluation travel around the globe. Studies of how evaluation models are disseminated, diffused and implemented are important. In this article, we examine an organization with a history of traditions and legitimacy and a successful audit of its own and how it responds to modern concepts of administration where evaluation plays an important role. Based on an analytical fram

We present minimalistic and cost-efficient instrumentation employing tunable diode laser gas spectroscopy for the characterization of porous and highly scattering solids. The sensitivity reaches 3 x 10(-6) (absorption fraction), and the improvement with respect to previous work in this field is a factor of 10. We also provide the first characterization of the interference phenomenon encountered in

Clothing evaporative resistance is one of the inherent factors that impede heat exchange by sweating evaporation. It is widely used as a basic input in physiological heat strain models. Previous studies showed a large variability in clothing evaporative resistance both at intra-laboratory and inter-laboratory testing. The errors in evaporative resistance may cause severe problems in the determinat

In the debate about how to interpret Violation-of-Expectation (VoE) based false-belief experiments, it has been suggested that infants are predicting the actions of the agent based on more or less sophisticated cognitive means. We present an alternative, more parsimonious interpretation, exploring the possibility that the infants’ reactions are not governed by rational expectation but rather of me

The formation of an unprecedented decameric capsule in carbon disulfide, held together by the combination of double and triple hydrogen bonds between isocytosine units embedded in an enantiomerically pure bicyclic framework is reported. The aggregation occurs via symmetry breaking of the enantiopure intrinsically C2-symmetric monomer brought about by solvent, induced tautomerization of the hydroge

The Rydberg formula is emblematic of atomic spectroscopy. We review here the personal background, research accomplishments, and academic career of its discoverer, Janne Rydberg. Although his formula is often introduced as a generalization of the hydrogenic Balmer formula, Rydberg’s work was independent of Balmer’s, and displayed great ingenuity and a rare ability to recognize hidden patterns in co

By combining data from the Discharge registers and the census bureaus in The Netherlands and Sweden, we calculated the age-specific incidences of primary total hip replacement (THR), studied the demographic profile of the population receiving THR and predicted demands. In the period 1986-1997, the number of THRs increased by 20% in Sweden to 10,000 operations (1131100,000 inhabitants) and by 68% t

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förbränningsmotorer används på flera platser i samhället där energi behöver göras tillgänglig i form av mekaniskt arbete eller elektrisk energi. Den kanske mest kända tillämpningen är som kraftkälla i en personbil. Förbränningsmotorerna har givetvis ett antal fördelar som bidragit till deras popularitet och omfattande användning - lågt pris, kompakthet, driftsäkerhet ocCurrent combustion engines provide excellent performance for vehicle propulsion and power generation. However, recent demands from society ask for higher efficiencies and lower emissions. These requirements are hard to meet with current technology and call for new solutions. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, HCCI, offers a potential to combine high efficiency with very low emissions. It op

There seems to be a double track in the relationship to the other. On the one hand, there is dialogue—an attitude of seeing the other as she is. On the other hand, we all seem to have some kind of worldview implying that My Way is the Best Way, at least in a certain respect—there seem to be certain points where I would like other people to see things in the same way as I do. I argue that these two

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen behandlar hur fettdroppar i mjölk slås sönder i en mjölkhomogenisator. Mekanismerna bakom sönderslagningen har analyserats genom uppmätning av flödesfältet i spalten samt genom att fotografera dropparna, när de slås sönder. För att möjliggöra mätning och fotografering har två skalmodeller av en homogenisator tagits fram. En fullskalemodell, vilken The overall aim of this project was to investigate the drop break-up process in milk homogenisers. This was done by measurements and calculations of the flow fields in the gap region and by visualisation of drops being broken up. To make visualisation and measurements possible, two scale models of a homogeniser gap were developed. The full-scale model was a direct copy of the gap in a production-

Little is known about how microbes diversify in nature. In contrast to the more studied multicellular organisms, microbes can have a) huge population sizes, b) high reproductive rates and c) long-distance dispersal. These characteristics can affect their tempo and mode of diversification in ways that still need to be understood. For instance, it has been proposed that the huge population sizes and