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As climate has warmed significantly over past decades, numerous studies have confirmed a pattern of more frequent and more intense hydro-climate events across the globe, such as floods, heatwaves, and droughts. Analyzing the variability of climate events with reliable historical data records is one of the most direct approaches for understanding its patterns of change. The development of climate m
A handheld infrared camera was used to visualize heating and cooling of magnetic brakes in drop towers and roller coasters. The images also display the cooling effect of trees and the warming effect of clouds. This paper discusses what can be discerned from the photos with connections to data from data sheets, as well as from accelerometer and barometer sensors. The heating and cooling proces
Aim: To examine direct and indirect costs, early retirement, cardiovascular events and mortality over 5 years in people with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and matched controls in Sweden. Methods: Individuals aged ≥ 16 years living in Sweden on 01 January 2012 were identified in an existing database. Individuals with ASCVD were propensity score matched to controls without ASCVD by
The high polymorphism of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes is generally considered to be a result of pathogen-mediated balancing selection. Such selection may operate in the form of heterozygote advantage, and/or through specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions. Specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions may promote polymorphism via negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS), or sele
The electrification of road bound transport is to some extent limited by the large cost of the energy storage required on-board the vehicles, i.e., the cost of the battery. One way of reducing the required capacity of the on-board energy storage is to enable the possibility to supply the vehicles with electrical energy while it is moving, also called dynamic charging. The energy transfer is usuall
Heart transplantation is a difficult procedure compared with other surgical operations, with a greater outcome uncertainty such as late rejection and death. We can model the success of heart transplants from predicting factors such as the age, sex, diagnosis, etc., of the donor and recipient. Although predictions can mitigate the uncertainty on the transplantation outcome, their accuracy is far fr
Post-flame sulfation of gaseous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) was investigated with optical in situ measurements at 850 to 1475 °C. A multi-jet burner was used to generate well-controlled combustion environments. The multi-jet burner also enabled the separate feeding of the sodium species and SO2 to the combustion environment where the sulfation reactions occurred. Concentrati
Background: To understand user needs, system requirements and organizational conditions towards successful design and adoption of Clinical Decision Support Systems for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) care built on top of computerized risk models. Methods: The holistic and evidence-based CEHRES Roadmap, used to create eHealth solutions through participatory development approach, persuasive design techniques
Adaptive plasticity allows organisms to cope with environmental change, thereby increasing the population's long-term fitness. However, individual selection can only compare the fitness of individuals within each generation: if the environment changes more slowly than the generation time (i.e., a coarse-grained environment) a population will not experience selection for plasticity even if it is ad
Novel cellulose-chitosan nanocomposite particles with spherical shape were successfully prepared via mixing of aqueous biopolymer solutions in three different ways. Macroparticles with diameters in the millimeter range were produced by dripping cellulose dissolved in cold LiOH/urea into acidic chitosan solutions, inducing instant co-regeneration of the biopolymers. Two types of microspheres, chemi
Background: Haematopoietic stem cells expressing the CD34 surface marker have been posited as a niche for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacilli during latent tuberculosis infection. Our aim was to determine whether M tuberculosis complex DNA is detectable in CD34-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from asymptomatic adults living in a setting with a high tuberculosis
Bones have unique mechanical properties that originate from their main constituents: mineral, in the form of hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals, and collagen type-I. The stiffness of the HAp mineral combined with the flexibility of collagen, and their intricate hierarchical arrangement from the smallest individual building blocks to the organ level, result in a composite tissue with a remarkable abilit
Marginalised agrarian societies are suggested to be the most vulnerable to environmental hazards and other perturbations. There are competing explanations for this phenomenon, which include: a lack of development, global environmental change, and the development process itself, or capitalism more specifically. All three causal arguments are compelling, but typically offer only partial explanations
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been extensively used as surfactants because of their high stability and good water/oil-repellent properties. PFASs, especially perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), have long biological half-lives, and exposure may cause adverse health effects in humans. We assessed temporal trends of concentrations of eight PFAAs in serum of Swedish adolescents (age 16–21
Objectives This study aimed to explore the relationship (presence and severity) between chronic breathlessness and sleep problems, independently of diagnoses and health service contact by surveying a large, representative sample of the general population. Setting Analysis of the 2017 South Australian Health Omnibus Survey, an annual, cross-sectional, face-to-face, multistage, clustered area system
