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Popular Abstract in Swedish Retrovirus är en typ av virus som finns hos både människor och djur. Detta virus sprider sig genom att en virus partikel tar sig in i en cell och sedan integrerar sin virala arvsmassa in i cellens arvmassa, DNA. Retrovirusets arvsmassa är från början RNA men skrivs sedan om till DNA för att kunna integreras. I molekylärbiologins barndom trodde man att det genetiska flödThe human genome contains genetic elements which are more or less similar to infectious retroviruses. These are called human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) and are thought to be remnants of infections in the primate lineage. Most of them have been inserted 10 to 60 million years ago but have at different time points spread in the genome via intracellular retrotransposition and make up as much as

Four organizations at Stockholm-Arlanda airport are going through various organizational changes. They are preparing for present and future demands through structural changes, implementation of new technology, training, and other efficiency and capacity improving measures. The change processes will be followed during two years of which this paper presents the baseline measurement. The key factors

This paper presents a topology optimization framework utilizing a deformation plasticity model to approximate the isotropic hardening von-Mises incremental elastoplasticity model under monotone proportional loading. One advantage of the model is that it is based on a yield surface allowing for precise matching to uniaxial elastoplastic isotropic hardening response. The deformation plasticity model

Objectives: Posttransplant infections may lead to dire consequences in immunocompromised organ recipients. Oral foci of infection are therefore often eliminated prior to solid organ transplantation to reduce posttransplant morbidity. However, despite increasing numbers of organ transplantations the necessity of pretransplant dental treatment and its effect on transplant outcome remains uncertain.

AIMS: To evaluate the long-term clinical and economic outcomes associated with insulin detemir and neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin in combination with mealtime insulin aspart in patients with type 1 diabetes in Sweden, based on data from a two-year, multi-national, open-label, randomized, controlled trial.METHODS: Insulin detemir was associated with significant improvements in glycaemic c

The interactions between aerosols and clouds are still one of the largest sources of uncertainty in quantifying anthropogenic radiative forcing. To reduce this uncertainty, we must first determine the baseline natural aerosol loading for different environments. In the pristine and hardly accessible polar regions, the exact nature of local aerosol sources remains poorly understood. It is unclear ho

We report the discovery and characterization of two sub-Saturns from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using high- resolution spectroscopic observations from the MaHPS spectrograph at the Wendelstein Observatory and the SOPHIE spectrograph at the Haute-Provence Observatory. Combining photometry from TESS, KeplerCam, LCOGT, and MuSCAT2, along with the radial velocity measurements fro

BACKGROUND: Both myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) and exercise ECG (Ex-ECG) carry prognostic information in patients with stable chest pain. However, it is not fully understood if combining the findings of MPS and Ex-ECG improves risk prediction. Current guidelines no longer recommend Ex-ECG for diagnostic evaluation of chronic coronary syndrome, but Ex-ECG cou

This article builds on feminist and decolonial perspectives and engages with political geography literature to rethink the way that peace and violence are understood in the Global South. Building peace that is coherent with planetary and ecological limits and that does not further direct structural violence necessitates breaking with the extractivist model of development that benefits growth and a

OBJECTIVE To estimate the risk of all cause and cause specific mortality in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared with matched unaffected people from the general population and with their unaffected siblings. DESIGN Population based matched cohort and sibling cohort study. SETTING Register linkage in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Population based cohort including 61 378 people with OCD a

Framed within the social constructionist interpretive phenomenological approach, I explore the perceptions and social experiences of two Arab girls living in Sweden. A phenomenological interpretive analysis was used to examine the unstructured in-depth interviews. The research focuses on the migrants' perceptions of social integration framed as a ‘melting pot’ to a ‘salad bowl’ integration. The ‘m

Background: In endoscopic care, favourable patient experiences before, during and after a colonoscopy are essential for the patient’s willingness to repeat the procedure. To ensure that significant experiences are measured, patients should be involved in creating the measurement instruments. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop a colonoscopy-specific PREM by (1) operationalising patie

We present new data for the ∼3.0 Ga Maniitsoq Norite Belt of the Akia Terrane, West Greenland, with the aim of understanding its petrogenesis. The Maniitsoq Norite Belt is hosted in regional tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) and dioritic orthogneisses, intruded by later sheets of TTG and granite pegmatites, and comprises two main rock types: plagioclase-rich “norites” and pyroxene-rich “mel

Geomechanical simulation of the evolution of a geological structure can play an important role in predicting open fracture development for all stages in that structure's development. In this work, three such geomechanical simulations are used to predict the evolving stress and strain fields, including dilational and compactional changes in the rock fabric in developing fault and fold systems. Thei

Unlike most jellyfish, box jellyfish (cubomedusae) are highly visually orientated. They are agile swimmers and use visual information to avoid obstacles and orientate themselves. They have an elaborate visual system which consists of four sensory structures called rhopalia, each holding six eyes of four morphological types: 2 camera-type eyes (upper and lower lens-eyes) and 2 lesser pigment cup ey

In this paper I have examined four police’s views on ethics in relation to their everyday work as civil servants. The theoretical framework is discourse theory, i.e. an understanding of reality structured through discourse, as formulated by Laclau and Mouffe, as well as an understanding of Othering and Racialization as structuring for society on both a national and international level. I have also

Novel circuit design and manufacturing methodologies are emerging into the market. Heterogeneous Integration allows for chiplet technologies of different process nodes to be combined in one large package. To allow for seamless communication between them, a definition of standards is necessary, and so is the construction of interconnects that follow them. In this thesis, we present an offload engin

This thesis investigates the imbalances in the polycentric Region of Scania posed by the priorities made by infrastructural planning. Comparing the demographically and economically weaker southeastern municipalities of Scania with the much stronger growth poles located in southwest of the region. Further it looks at how the existing railway system contributes to cement a hegemonic structure within

Communication is not always easy. There are several different aspects within technical areas that need to be taken into account when communicating between different platforms. Older systems sometimes want to communicate with newer systems which requires older technology to meet more modern technology. This thesis focuses on an older system that needs to communicate with modern interfaces. The goal