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A novel breath-alcohol analyzer based on the standardization of the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) to the alveolar-air water vapour concentration has been developed and evaluated. The present study compares results with this particular breath analyzer with arterial blood alcohol concentrations (ABAC), the most relevant quantitative measure of brain alcohol exposure. The precision of analysis
Police crash reports are often the main source for official data in many countries. However, police sampling and data are known to be subject to bias, making the countermeasures adopted according to them possibly inefficient. In the case of bicycle crashes, this bias is most acute and it probably varies across countries, with some of them being more prone to reporting accidents to police than othe
Nutrient availability is of major importance for plant productivity. When estimating long-term sustainability from a nutrient perspective it is therefore interesting to focus on long-term changes in the soil nutrient pools when comparing different forest types. Here, we have highlighted some factors of importance for long term nutrient sustainability (e.g., several forest rotations) and pointed ou
In the kindling model of epilepsy, repeated electrical stimulations lead to progressive and permanent intensification of seizure activity. We find that the development of amygdala kindling is markedly retarded in mice heterozygous for a deletion of the neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) gene (NT-3+/- mice). These mice did not reach the fully kindled state (3rd grade 5 seizure) until after 28 +/- 4 days of stim
Because of the large variability in the proportion of fiber types within a whole muscle, a single biopsy is a poor estimator of the fiber type proportion for a whole muscle. Data on the proportions of type I and II fibers, obtained from cross sections of whole human muscles (vastus lateralis) from young male individuals, have therefore been analyzed statistically in order to determine the sampling
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of borrelia serology (Quick ELISA C6 Borrelia assay kit) as a diagnostic tool in cases of suspected neuroborreliosis. A retrospective patient material consisting of 124 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples with a positive anti-borrelia antibody index (AI) using the IDEIA Lyme Neuroborreliosis test was compared with 124 Al-negative matche
Background:In Lynch syndrome, inherited mismatch repair (MMR) defects predispose to colorectal cancer and to a wide spectrum of extra-colorectal tumours. Utilising a cohort study design, we aimed to determine the risk of extra-colorectal cancer and to identify yet unrecognised tumour types.Methods:Data from 1624 Lynch syndrome mutation carriers in the Danish hereditary non-polyposis colorectal can
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate how relatives of patients with an ostomy rated the various aspects of care, how they perceived the quality of the care provided, and how they ranked their involvement in the care. Patients' satisfaction was also sought, particularly their perception of relatives' involvement.DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional.SETTINGS AND SUBJECTS: The study comprise
This study conducted the global sensitivity analysis of the APSIM-Oryza rice growth model under eight climate conditions and two CO2 levels using the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test method. Two output variables (i.e. total aboveground dry matter WAGT and dry weight of storage organs WSO) and twenty parameters were analyzed. The ±30% and ±50% perturbations of base values were used as th
The historical development of responsibility for wars and aggressive acts has seen a shift of focus during the last century. Where the attention was previously focused on the unlawfulness of a State act (the Act of Aggression), the attention is now on the involvement and responsibility of individuals. The topic of this thesis is to follow the development of the possibility to hold those behind Sta
För närvarande finns ett välutvecklat skatteavtalsnätverk med över 3000 tecknade avtal. Med detta följer också stora möjligheter till internationell skatteplanering. Treaty shopping är inget nytt fenomen inom internationell skatterätt men har aldrig varit lika kontroversiellt som nu. Treaty shopping innebär att en skattskyldig organiserar sina affärer i syfte att omfattas av ett visst skatteavtaThere is currently a well-developed tax treaty network with over 3000 concluded treaties. Accordingly, there are countless opportunities for international tax planning. The concept of treaty shopping is a fairly new phenomenon and it has never been as controversial as today. Treaty shopping implies that taxpayers arrange their affairs in order to be covered by a particular tax treaty. To be cove
OBJECTIVES: To clarify whether the intensity of exposure to organic acid anhydrides (OAAs) is associated with the risk of sensitisation to these allergens. METHODS: The investigations were carried out in three different manufacturing plants (A, B, and C) where OAAs were used in the production of epoxy resins. Methyltetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride (MTHPA) was used in all three plants. The exposur
The aim was to study the potential effect of neighborhood deprivation on incident and fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with bipolar disorder. This was a nationwide cohort study which included all adults aged 30 years or older with bipolar disorder (n = 61,114) in Sweden (1997–2017). The association between neighborhood deprivation and the outcomes was explored using Cox regression an
The formation of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3 ) nanocrystal superlattices (NC SLs) is accompanied by a red shift in the NC photoluminescence (PL). The values of the PL red shift reported in the literature range from none to 100 meV without unifying explanation of the differences. Using a combination of confocal PL microcopy and steady-state
A series of ether-free poly(p-terphenyl piperidinium)s carrying both cationic and zwitterionic groups were prepared and evaluated as anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). First, a zwitterionic monomer (zwPip) was synthesized by sulfoalkylation of N-methyl-4-piperidone (Pip) using 1,4-butane sultone. Pip and zwPip were then employed in superacid-mediated polyhydroxyalkylations with p-terphenyl to prepar
Background. Aortic stiffness is a marker of vascular ageing. Non-conventional risk markers reflecting vascular ageing are largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the relationship between self-perceived age (SPA) and self-rated health (SRH) with aortic stiffness in the general population. Methods. Cross-sectional assessment of 3760 participants from two Swedish population-based cohorts (mean ag
In part this paper is a contribution to the ongoing Swedish discussion about our public structures. The discussion has picked up speed in the last years thanks to a government backed committee trying to come up with a suggestion to make our public sector more efficient. A big part of the debate is about the independence and work of our municipalities, what they should do, what they shouldn’t do an
