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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of actively released vesicles originating from a wide range of cell types. Characterization of these EVs and their proteomes in the human plasma provides a novel approach in clinical diagnostics, as they reflect physiological and pathological states. However, EV isolation is technically challenging with the current methods having several disad

In southern Sweden during the 1960s, women began to use oral contraceptives (OCs) extensively at a young age. This case-control study investigates the relationship between the use of OCs and breast cancer development in women in southern Sweden diagnosed in the early 1980s. The risk for breast cancer after OC use among premenopausal women was modeled, after adjustment was made for age, age at mena

While popular narratives about success in South Africa focus on individual effort, accidents of birth continue to determine life prospects. Inequalities in early childhood development, health, and education narrow the range of possibilities that young people have available to them, and this impacts on their risk appetite, including, through the workings of the maturing brain, a propensity to viole

As the contribution of dispersed or distributed energy resources (DER) to the electric power production increases, the effects on the power system grow more important. As an example a critical situation may arise if protective relays trip a large part of the dispersed generation due to undervoltage at a short-circuit event. On the other hand it is crucial that the protection system acts correctly

Adult education in Sweden is extensive, based on a long tradition and range from higher education to non-formal popular education. Swedish adult education is highly decentralised and autonomous. As a general principle, adult education is free of charge for the learners and financed by the public budget. The Swedish perspectives takes it’s starting point from the initiatives of OECD, the European C

Aims and objectives To explore healthy older patients' perceptions of their own capacity to regain pre-fracture function in the acute phase following hip fracture surgery. Background The incidence of hip fractures is expected to increase. In Sweden, of the patients who sustain a hip fracture, 40 per cent are healthy and lived independently pre fracture. However, a hip fracture often results in dec

This paper presents a two-dimensional numerical model of nearshore random wave transformation with a focus on model calibration and verification with both laboratory and field data. The model is based on the energy balance equation including diffraction and dissipation terms (Mase, 2001). The energy dissipation is determined based on the formulation by Dally et al. (1985), with new expressions for

The time that it takes an occupant population to reach safety when descending a stair during building evacuations is typically estimated by measureable engineering variables such as stair geometry, speed, stair density, and pre-observation delay. In turn, engineering models of building evacuation use these variables to predict the performance of egress systems for building design, emergency planni

In concrete most cracks start from an uncracked surface and grow through a large portion of the depth of the specimen. Both formation and growth are influenced by stresses from imposed deformations, shrinkage, temperature etc. Thus fracture mechanics, when applied to concrete, should be able to analyse the following: 1. The formation of a crack in a specimen which is not notched or precracked. 2.

A novel volatile microemulsion formed by the catanionic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium octylsulfonate (TA(16)So(8)), heptane and water has been explored as a template for producing nanoparticles of hydrophobic organic materials. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was employed as the model hydrophobic substance. First, the oil-in-water microemulsion was formed, containing TA16So8 as the single e

Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical significance of neutralizing antibody (NAb) formation in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis ( MS) who participated in the European Interferon Beta-1a IM Dose-Comparison Study. Methods. Patients were randomized to treatment with interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1a) 30 mu g or 60 mu g IM once weekly for up to 4 years. Serum samples obtained at b

Background: Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) and long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) are the two treatment alternatives when treating respiratory insufficiency in patients with kyphoscoliosis. We aimed to study the effect on survival with regard to HMV or LTOT alone in patients with respiratory insufficiency due to kyphoscoliosis. Methods: Swedish patients with nonparalytic kyphoscoliosis (ie, scolio

Popular Abstract in Swedish Något tillspetsat förefaller varje kommun driva utvecklingsarbete inriktat på verksamhetsmått. Är så inte fallet är ansvariga snabba att betona att verksamhetsmått är viktigt och att de precis har beslutat om ett större måttprojekt. Denna bok ger en bild av i vilken omfattning fyra gatukontor utformar och använder verksamhetsmått. Boken innehåller också beskrivningar ocThe purpose of this study is to develop a frame of reference within which formal control system performance measures can be described and their design and use can be analyzed for control systems in municipalities. From a cybernetic control approach measures are used as instruments to plan and gain feedback from employee actions, and adjust them to the internal and external environment of which the

The overall aim of the work presented in this thesis was to evaluate the incidence, outcome and consequences within the 1st year of acute ACL injury of the knee. The KANON-study, a randomized controlled clinical trial comparing surgical and non-surgical treatment after acute ACL injury, was initiated and some results are included in this thesis. 642 subjects with acute knee injury were assessed in

To evaluate the accuracy of bone mineral composition determination by electron microprobe analysis (EDX) the measurements have been compared to instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and chemical analysis (ICPES). Bone specimens from five femoral heads were used. The trabecular content of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) was analyzed by the three different methods. The EDX method allows fo

Purpose: To examine whether panretinal photocoagulation for severe non-proliferative retinopathy in type 1 diabetes patients could halt the progression of retinopathy with subsequent vitreous haemorrhages and visual impairment. Methods: During a 10-year follow-up study period of 344 type 1 diabetes patients, 81 subjects went through panretinal photocoagulation. Forty patients were treated for sev

Heterocyclic amines are mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds that are found in cooked meat and fish. These compounds are of concern in the aetiology of human cancer and therefore it is important to minimise their formation during cooking, and their intake. PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine, CAS no: 105650-23-5) is one heterocyclic amine that is found at high levels in cooked chick

Seventeen ETV6/RUNX1-positive pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemias were investigated by high-resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization ( array CGH), gene expression profiling and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Comparing the array CGH and gene expression patterns revealed that genomic imbalances conferred a great impact on the expression of genes in the affected regions. The

Serum samples from patients referred for liver biopsy for investigation of suspected chronic liver disease (n = 286) and from healthy middle-aged volunteers (n = 445) were analyzed for markers of exposure to GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV), hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. GBV-C/HGV analyses included GBV-C/HGV PCR for detection of viremia and GBV-C/HGV enzyme-linked immunosorbent