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We used the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database with 2060 childhood brain tumours diagnosed in the period 1958-1996 to analyse the risk of this tumour by parental cancers and in siblings of childhood brain tumour probands. Groups of patients were compared by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for brain tumours in offspring. 1.3% of brain tumour patients had a parent with nervou
It is my contention here that Quentin Skinner’s conception of neo-roman liberty as it is articulated in Liberty Before Liberalism serves to establish two normative premises for human rights philosophy. Those premises are, first, that human rights should offer the strongest protection for those persons who are most vulnerable and liable to social and political discrimination and marginalisation. Se
Introduction: We assessed whether modest systemic cooling started within 6 hours of symptom onset improves functional outcome at three months in awake patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Patients and methods: In this European randomised open-label clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment, adult patients with acute ischaemic stroke were randomised to cooling to a target body temperature of
We describe how upper limb amputees can be made to experience a rubber hand as part of their own body. This was accomplished by applying synchronous touches to the stump, which was out of view, and to the index finger of a rubber hand, placed in full view (26 cm medial to the stump). This elicited an illusion of sensing touch on the artificial hand, rather than on the stump and a feeling of owners
Vaccines may have non-specific effects as suggested mainly in mortality studies from low-income countries. The objective was to examine the effects of BCG and smallpox vaccinations on subsequent risk of lymphoma and leukaemia in a Danish population experiencing rapid out-phasing of these vaccines. In a background cohort (N=47,622) from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, cases of leukae
We have previously proposed the use of Doppler ultrasound to non-invasively stage sinus infection, as we showed that acoustic streaming could be generated in nonpurulent sinus secretions and helped to distinguish it from mucopurulent sinus secretions. In order to continue this development of a clinically applicable Doppler equipment, we need to determine different dimensions of the paranasal sinus
The ratio between proteases and their inhibitors is unbalanced in cancer. The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C is internalized by some cancer cells, which affects cellular properties. Here we aimed to investigate if uptake of cystatin C and the related inhibitor cystatin E/M occur in melanoma cell lines and to evaluate to what extent the uptake affects the legumain activity that is typically
Aims: (i) Determine whether between-observer reproducibility for Ki67 when assessed on whole sections according to a standardized scoring protocol is adequate for clinical application. (ii) Compare between-observer reproducibility of Ki67 scores assessed on hot-spots to scores using a global method that averages across a tissue section.Background: The nuclear proliferation biomarker Ki67 has multi
Background: Metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a bone dominant lethal disease. Progression in bone scan of mCRPC disease is assessed with the Prostate Cancer Working Group (PCWG) two and three criteria, which relies on the appearance of two or more new lesions. There is an unmet need for a quantitative assessment that can build on the current progression criteria. This thes
Organizations and individuals maintain and use an ever increasing amount of computer systems, either deployed locally, or in the cloud.These systems often store and handle vast amounts of data, some of which is sensitive and should be kept private.Regardless of where the data is located, there is a need to prevent data from falling into the wrong hands.To this end, this dissertation presents contr
The use of 18S rDNA sequences for inferring phylogenies, in particular for higher taxonomic level analysis, has a long tradition in phycology. Similar to ITS2, the 18S rDNA displays a conserved secondary structure that could be used simultaneously with the primary sequence to increase the amount of information used when inferring phylogenetic relationships. Sequence-structure phylogenetics is alre
In the context of Internet of Things (IoT), the research of this dissertation is concerned with the development of applications for end-user devices, i.e. devices through which the end-user directly interacts with systems. The complexity of such applications is partly due to network intricacies, and partly because GUI (Graphical User Interface) development is generally complicated and time consumi
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Cyclooxygenase-2, which plays a key role in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), is often up-regulated in CRC and in other types of cancer. PGE2 induces angiogenesis and tumor cell survival, proliferation and migration. The tumor suppressor 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) is a key enzym
Disseminated melanoma is an aggressive disease with fatal outcome. Better understanding of the underlying biology is needed to find effective treatment. We applied microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization, gene expression and CpG island methylation analysis of primary tumors and multiple metastases from five melanoma patients with the aim of analyzing the molecular patterns of melanoma p
The identification of a subterranean metallic ore from scattering experiments, conducted on the surface of the ground or in a bore hole, is a classic geophysical problem. In general this problem is not well-posed. However, a priori information about the shape of the target provides enough regularization to make the problem numerically stable. The problem is solved by minimizing the mean-square err
