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Hunting with firearms decimates primates of large and medium body size (> 2 kg) that disperse the seeds of large-seeded trees. In continuous, un-fragmented forests of southeastern Peru regularly hunted with firearms for 30-40 years, large primates are extirpated and medium-sized (medium) primates are reduced 61% compared with protected forests. At hunted sites seedlings and small juveniles (< 1 m
Mutations that cause a block in a late step of the protoheme IX biosynthetic pathway, i.e., in a step after uroporphyrinogen III, map at 94 degrees on the Bacillus subtilis chromosomal genetic map. We have cloned and sequenced the hem genes at this location. The sequenced region contains six open reading frames: ponA, hemE, hemH, hemY, ORFA, and ORFB. The ponA gene product shows over 30% sequence
Mutualists have been suggested to play an important role in the assembly of many plant and animal communities, but it is not clear how this depends on environmental factors. Do, for instance, natural disturbances increase or decrease the role of mutualism? We focused on entire guilds of mutualists, studying seed-dispersing ants and ant-dispersed plants along gradients of inundation disturbances. W
Ion exchange media involving charge groups attached to flexible polymers are widely used for protein purification. Such media often provide enhanced target protein purity and yield. Yet, little is understood about protein interaction with such media at the molecular level, or how different media architectures might affect separation performance. To gain a better understanding of such adsorptive sy
The organic fraction of atmospheric aerosols contains a multitude of compounds and usually only a small fraction can be identified and quantified. However, a limited number of representative organic compounds can be used to describe the water-soluble organic fraction. In this work, initiated within the EU 5FP project SMOCC, four mixtures containing various amounts of inorganic salts (ammonium sulf
Application of cellulolytic enzymes for upgrading of secondary fibers has extensively been studied during the last decades. In many cases, research has been carried out with industrial enzyme preparations which often consist of several enzyme components. The presence of various enzymes makes the determination of the role of each of them difficult in changes of pulp and paper properties. Therefore,
A method with low MDL (minimum detection limit) was developed for analysis of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) in aerosol samples collected on an organic backing. An accelerator-produced beam of protons interacting with the sample and the detection of elastically scattered protons (PESA; particle elastic scattering analysis) and emitted X-rays (PIXE; particle-induced X-ray emission) were th
Popular Abstract in Swedish Även om civil flygindustri har genomgått stora teknologiska och kommersiella förändringar under de senaste årtiondena så har grundläggande civil flygutbildning inte förändrats på motsvarande sätt. Förändringarna inom civilflyget har sällan resulterat i forskningsprogram med inriktning mot grundläggande flygutbildning och denna utbildningsfas har länge varit föremål för Although the civil aviation industry has gone through great technological and commercial change in the last decades, basic civil aviation training has not kept pace accordingly. The changes in civil aviation have rarely resulted in research programs in the field of basic training, which has long received minimal attention from the industry. In the research presented in this thesis, methods for und
During the spring of 2003 ninety-five water bodies in southeastern Estonia were surveyed for chrysophytes. The sampling was carried out as the ice broke up, when, within two weeks, the water temperature rose from 3 degrees C to 13 degrees C. Large lakes to small pools of different water chemistry were investigated. The plankton collected was studied alive within a few hours after sampling. Prepara
The seed oil in Macadamia integrifolia contains about 30% palmitoleic acid (16:1(Delta9)) and Nerium oleander about 12% isoricinoleic acid (Delta9-hydroxy-18:1(Delta12)). It has been shown that palmitoleic acid can be produced by acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturases and it has also been shown that fatty acid hydroxylation can occur via direct substitution of a hydrogen atom. Therefore it se
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige har andelen förtidspensionärer ökat under lång tid och uppgick år 1998 till 7.6% av befolkningen i arbetsför ålder (16-64 år). Den vanligaste orsaken till att en individ förtidspensioneras är reducerad arbetsförmåga till följd av problem i rörelseorganen. Kunskaperna om förtidspensionärers livskvalitet är bristfälliga. Syftet med denna studie var att studera lThe starting-point of this thesis was the high rate of disability pensioners in Sweden and the lack of knowledge about what a disability pension entails for quality of life (QL). The aim of the study was to gain knowledge about QL among disability retirees with musculoskeletal disorders (ERPs). A questionnaire was sent in 1992 to 450 ERPs in Kristianstad Municipality, Sweden, granted their disabil
OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome following Lichtenstein open mesh technique or Shouldice repair for inguinal hernia operated on by surgeons in training. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, trial. SETTING: District hospital, Sweden. SUBJECTS: 200 men with primary inguinal hernias. INTERVENTIONS: Lichtenstein mesh repair or Shouldice repair. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Duration of operation, postoperative
The main theme of this thesis is the connection between weighted biharmonic Green functions and weighted Bergman kernels. In the first paper, which is a joint work with H. Hedenmalm and S. Shimorin, we prove that weighted biharmonic Green functions are positive for weights which satisfy a mean-value condition and whose logarithms are subharmonic. To achieve this, we use a variational formula due t
The title compound, [ RhCl( PBz(3))(2)( CO)] [ PBz(3) = tribenzylphosphine, P(C7H7)(3)], which is the first reported tribenzylphosphine - rhodium( I) structure, has pseudo- square- planar coordination geometry, with Rh - P bond distances of 2.3164 ( 15) and 2.3156 ( 16) Angstrom. The Rh - Cl, Rh - C and C - O bond distances are 2.3654 ( 15), 1.783 ( 6) and 1.162 ( 6) Angstrom, respectively, and th
We present a computationally tractable scheme of time-dependent transport phenomena within open-boundary time-dependent density functional theory. Within this approach all the response properties of a system are determined from the time propagation of the set of "occupied" Kohn-Sham orbitals under the influence of the external bias. This central idea is combined with an open-boundary description o
OBJECTIVE: To examine the concept of selective superior and inferior vestibular nerve involvement in vestibular neuritis by studying the distribution of semicircular canal (SCC) involvement in such patients. BACKGROUND: Vestibular neuritis was traditionally thought to involve the superior and inferior vestibular nerves. Recent work suggests that in some patients, only the superior nerve is involve
It has been concluded by geologists that a significant amount of hydrogen is stored as point defects in nominally anhydrous minerals. Determination of the amount of hydrogen bound in these minerals is a step towards determining the total water content of the earth mantle as well as comprehending its internal water cycle. The possibility to measure hydrogen in thin geological samples by elastic p-p
