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The parameters relevant for prediction of service lifetime with respect to chloride ingress are associated with large uncertainties. Full-scale measurements are in demand for conditions which are as homogeneous as possible. The present paper first summarizes statistical distributions which are obtained based on measurements from the Gimsøystraumen bridge in Norway. These probability distributions
Purpose: To evaluate the access to human rights of persons with disabilities who use prosthetic and orthotic assistive devices, and to compare groups of participants in terms of gender, residential area, income, and type and level of assistive device. The addressed areas were rights to: health, a standard of living adequate for health, education, marry and establish a family, vote, and work. Metho
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the traditional workhorse for reconstructing evolutionary events. The frequent use of mtDNA in such analyses derives from the apparent simplicity of its inheritance: maternal and lacking bi-parental recombination. However, in hybrid zones, the reproductive barriers are often not completely developed, resulting in the breakdown of male mitochondrial elimination mechanis
This thesis addresses micromechanical modeling of materials using computational homogenization. On this topic, theoretical and computational issues are discussed, and numerical investigations of different material systems are performed. The material systems considered are; metal matrix composites, metal sheets with stiff inclusions, metal sheets containing voids, sand with inclusions of gravel and
The third meeting of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology working group was convened in Lund, Sweden, in June 2010 to consider the key clinical challenge of developing electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for identification of the global subendocardial ischemia that results from subtotal occlusion of either the left main coronary artery or its equivalent. The parti
Svensk sammanfattningAvhandlingens syfte har varit att studera utvecklingen av en könskromosom i realtid genom att simulera dess framväxt i en hermafroditisk plattmask i laboratoriet. Jag gjorde detta genom att selektera på dels honlig fitness (fitness via ägg), dels hanlig fitness (fitness via spermier) med hjälp av en genetisk markör, som agerade som en könsbestämmande gen. Detta ska efterlikna Sex chromosome evolution in a hermaphrodite ancestor starts with the establishment of a sex-determining region (SDR). Over time, sex-specific genes, and/or sexually antagonistic alleles will become linked to the SDR. Sexually antagonistic alleles are a type of genetic variation that increases fitness for one sex while being detrimental for the other sex. Recombination arrest around the SDR and gen
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The existence of social problems, crime, and a diminishing sense of community are acknowledged challenges to residents of deprived neighborhoods. In research on deprived neighborhoods in Sweden, the perspectives of young residents and adults of working age dominate. This study explores how older adults in deprived neighborhoods in Sweden experience crime and disorder, an
Aims. This study was primarily aimed for developing and testing a valid and reliable instrument that measures perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection after organ transplantation. A second aim was to report descriptive data regarding graft rejection and Health‐Related Quality of Life.Background. The most serious risk connected with transplantations besides infection is graft rejection.Desi
Synthesis of partial glycerides in a solvent-free system has been investigated with various acyl donors and glycerol as substrates and a 1,3-specific immobilized lipase to catalyze the reaction. Capric acid was the most efficient acyl donor, compared with ethyl caprate and tricaprin. However, to obtain a high yield of dicaprin and a low amount of tricaprin, ethyl caprate was the acyl donor of choi
This paper examines the role of ethnic minorities in bilateral trade between countries of the ex‐Soviet Union. We argue that both forced re‐settlement of entire ethnic groups during the Stalin era and artificially drawn borders in Central Asia led to an exogenous ethnic composition within countries. Using data collected by ethnologists on the share of ethnic groups across countries, we build an in
Human neurodegenerative disorders affect specific types of cortical neurons. Efficient protocols for the generation of such neurons for cell replacement, disease modeling and drug screening are highly warranted. Current methods for the production of cortical neurons from human embryonic stem (ES) cells are often time-consuming and inefficient, and the functional properties of the generated cells h
Appreciation and production of musical rhythm is a human universal and, as with other human capacities, it is imperative to understand the extent of our capacity to perceive and produce rhythm. This thesis presents my work on the cognitive and perceptual aspects of rhythm perception and production at a slow tempi. In Paper I I establish that rhythm production, such as keeping the beat to a metron
Patterns of polyploid evolution in the taxonomically controversial Dactylorhiza incarnata/maculata groups were inferred genetically by analyzing 399 individuals from 177 localities for (1) four polymorphic plastid regions yielding aggregate haplotypes and (2) nuclear ribosomal ITS allele frequencies. Concordance between patterns observed in distributions of plastid haplotypes and ITS alleles rende
Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur och varför lagstiftningen kring påföljden livstidsstraff vid mord har förändrats under de senaste 15 åren, 1999-2014, i Sverige samt de bakomliggande tankegångarna. Uppsatsen presenteras ur ett rättshistoriskt perspektiv. För att kunna ge en bättre bakgrund har en kort historisk bakgrund presenterats som sedan övergår i uppsatsens avhandling gällande de senaThe purpose of this essay is to investigate how and why the legislation concerning the sentence of life imprisonment for murder has changed in Sweden over the past 15 years, 1999-2014, and the thought process behind the changes. The investigation will be presented from a legal historical perspective. In order to explain the development a short historical background has presented the thoughts behi
The concept of empowerment is deeply rooted in power relations. Young people have often been seen as incompetent, however, if given the right tools they can achieve positive change today. They are not merely the adults of the future; they are the youth of today. Education and awareness rising are key ingredients in the creation of change and development. How to educate, enable and empower young pe
