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One of the basic principles of Swedish law is that everyone is entitled to have his/her claims determined by a court and that the judgment should be given after a hearing. The main rule is that the plaintiff can claim whatever he/she wants, even if it seems absurd. This is a right also given by the European Convention of the human rights article 6:1, which says that everyone is entitled to a publi
The paper is based on an inventory of crofts and cottages that was made in the parish of Länghem in the southern part of the province of Västergötland, Sweden at the end of the 1950ies and the beginning of the 1960ies. The parish of Länghem has both manors (the medieval Torpa and Hofsnäs and the 17th century Sällerås) and independent villages. The inventory was made quite traditionally. We tried t
During the prolonged course of chronic viral infection there is a continuous reciprocal interaction between the host immune defence system and the viral immunogens, and viral genetic mutations capable of circumventing host immune defence could be selected for. Our observation of increasing prevalence of heterogeneity in the DNA sequence coding for the ‘a1 determinant of HBsAg in patients with pres
The Mg2+ and Mn2+ structures of calbindin D9k have been determined and they reveal a conformational change compared to the structures of apo and (Ca2+)2-calbindin D9k. These findings are unique, since normally calcium and not magnesium is known to induce conformational changes of EF-hand proteins. It has also been shown that calbindin D9k
Glypicans are multifunctional cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycans co-regulating numerous signalling pathways, and are thereby involved in the control of cellular division, differentiation, and morphogenesis. The heparan sulphate (HS) chains are responsible for many of those biological functions; nevertheless recent studies suggest functional roles for the glypican core proteins in mediatin
Mycorrhizal symbioses are formed between plant root systems and compatible fungal hyphae that results in a complex mixed structure. They are found in all ecosystems and with the majority of land plants such as forest trees or crops that are of commercial interest. Mutual exchange of nutrients between the two symbionts is central to the successful functioning of the symbioses. In order to understan
Popular Abstract in Swedish Spionen var under kalla kriget en gäckande gestalt som i egenskap av sin synliga osynlighet blev en orienteringspunkt för vardagliga fantasier. Han – för denna det kalla krigets emblematiska figur var oftast en han – blev i flera avseenden just en samtidens mittpunkt i vilken en tudelad världsbild synliggjordes. Mannen i mitten handlar om Spionen i svensk kallakrigskultThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to a broadening of perspectives on Cold War Sweden. It is a study not primarily of the explicit political events or debates, but of the everyday cultural narratives of the era. During the long 1950s, Swedish Cold War imagination was largely characterised by a determination to maintain total security in the response to the threats that loomed on all sides, an
Background: The desire to be a mother is much more than a reproductive instinct in pro-baby (pro-natal) society. Motherhood is a complex phenomenon that encompasses psychological, social, and cultural aspects of a woman's holisticwell-being. A woman's socio-cultural visibility is enhanced through motherhood, which also strengthens her psychological status, enriches her spiritual experience, and en
By looking at the empirical case of IKEA’s sustainability journey (1992-2017), using qualitative methods such as interviews and document studies, this thesis shows how sustainability talk over time is made into a legitimate feature of retail talk. Something I argue is a far more difficult, complex and problematic endeavour for retailers to undertake than most previous research on the topic would h
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are constituents of hollow inner organs. Their contractile function governs essential physiological functions, such as breathing, eating, blood pressure control, urination, and childbirth. Skeletal and cardiac muscle cells are terminally differentiated cell types, but SMCs are highly plastic and change their phenotype in disease. Cues presented by the microenvironment an
Prostate cancer bone metastasis is still not fully understood, and increased knowledge could aid in the development of better treatment options for patients in the future. This thesis focuses on microRNAs (miRNAs), which modulate gene expression in healthy and tumour cells. Using cell culture, animal and patient studies, we investigated the biological role of microRNA-96 (miR-96) and microRNA-379
Context Developing compilers and static analysis tools (“language tools”) is a difficult and time-consuming task. We have previously presented property probes, a technique to help the language tool developer build understanding of their tool. A probe presents a live view into the internals of the compiler, enabling the developer to see all the intermediate steps of a compilation or analysis rather
Ett stort antal barn i Sverige uppger att de utsätts för våld eller andra övergrepp i sitt eget hem. Detta trots att principen om barnets bästa utgör en viktig grundläggande princip och ska vara avgörande i alla frågor om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Vad som rent faktiskt utgör barnets bästa framkommer inte uttryckligen av lagtexten, utan ska bedömas utifrån varje barns enskilda situation. LagtextA significant number of children in Sweden are reporting that they are subjected to violence or other forms of abuse in their own homes. This is despite the fact that the principle of the best interests of the child constitutes an important fundamental principle and is intended to be decisive in all matters concerning custody, residence, and contact. What constitutes the best interests of the chil
Background: Older adults spend more time at home after retirement, and the home becomes a central place for activity. While research indicates that indoor lighting, exposure to daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and daily rhythm, strategies are needed to promote behavioural changes to optimise these factors in daily life. The objective is to design an intBackground: Older adults spend more time at home after retirement, and the home becomes a central place for activity. While research indicates that indoor lighting, exposure to daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and daily rhythm, strategies are needed to promote behavioural changes to optimise these factors in daily life. The objective is to design an int
The use of a learning management/assessment system has become common in higher education during the past 20 years. However, such systems are frequently not grounded in approaches to support longitudinal educational needs, such as promoting professional development. One reason may be that digital support is designed to assist with isolated tasks e.g. running MCQ tests, and therefore is not develope
Hedersrelaterat våld är för svenskt vidkommande inte längre ett främmande begrepp eller fenomen. Inte desto mindre är ämnet politiskt laddat och debatten om hedersrelaterat våld är fortfarande högaktuell. Inte minst på det straffrättsliga området gör sig problematiken gällande och det tycks råda en oklarhet kring vilken betydelse heder bör ha i rättsliga sammanhang. Hedersrelaterat våld är ett kViolence in the name of honour is no longer an unknown concept or phenomenon in the Swedish society. Nevertheless, the issue is subject of an ongoing political debate. The problematic aspects of violence in the name of honour are evident within the criminal justice system and there appears to be inherent uncertainties regarding the role of honour in the legal context. Violence in the name of hon
En betydande del av alla offentliga upphandlingar leder till upprättandet av ramavtal. Denna avtalsform anses vara att föredra vid tillfällen då den upphandlande myndigheten har svårighet att på förhand avgöra vilken volym som kommer behövas, vid vilken tidpunkt leveransen ska ske samt vid osäkerhet kring den exakta utformningen av kontraktsföremålet. 2014 godkände Europaparlamentet tre nya direkA considerable part of all public procurements leads to the establishment of a framework agreement. This form of agreement is considered to be preferable at times when the contracting authority has difficulty to determine the volume that will be needed, at which point delivery is to take place and in the case of uncertainty about the exact framing of the subject- matter of the contract. In 2014,
Popular science summary Ortho Group SEARCH A gene is a unit of heredity of a living species. Genes are transferred from one generation to the next by vertical descent. Two genes are homologous if derived from a common ancestral gene. Homologous genes related by duplication event within the genome are paralogous genes. Copies of the same ancestral gene separated by a speciation event (when a spec
Increasing heavy traffic on the roads raises demands on pavements and especially the binder of the pavements. The rutting and other deformations resistances are constantly improved. As a part of the development wax mixes and polymer modified variants are produced. These products are not anymore possible to classify with traditional test methods, requiring new measurement technique and new criteria
De svenska reglerna om principalansvar trädde i kraft 1972, när en ny skadeståndslag antogs av Riksdagen. Innan denna tidpunkt hade regler om principalansvar utvecklats i rättspraxis, men omfattningen av detta ansvar hade varit väldigt begränsad. I de flesta fall hade en arbetsgivare inte kunnat hållas ansvarig för de skador som hans anställda vållat i tjänsten. När regler om principalansvar intoThe Swedish regulation of vicarious liability entered into force in 1972, when a new Liability for Damages Act was passed by the parliament. Prior to this point in time, a concept of vicarious liability had developed in Swedish case law, but the scope of such liability had been very limited. In most cases, an employer would not have been held responsible for tortious acts caused by his employees i
