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Background: Limited information exists on the framework and content of postgraduate education in internal medicine in Europe. This report describes the results of a survey of postgraduate training in internal medicine in the European countries. Methods: Two online questionnaire-based surveys were carried out by the European Board of Internal Medicine, one on the practice of internists and the othe
In this study, we show a significantly reduced assay time and a greatly increased bead recovery for a commercial Luminex-based multiplex diagnostic immunoassay by performing all liquid handling steps of the assay protocol in a non-contact acoustic trapping platform. The Luminex assay is designed for detecting antibodies in poultry serum for infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis vi
We examine the potential role of perennial woody food-producing species ("food trees") in cities in the context of urban sustainable development and propose a multifunctional approach that combines elements of urban agriculture, urban forestry, and agroforestry into what we call "urban food forestry" (UFF). We used four approaches at different scales to gauge the potential of UFF to enhance urban
Objectives: To evaluate the natural history of radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA) over 10 years. Design: We assessed 118 subjects (30 women) twice (X-ray A and B) with mean (SD) follow-up time of 9.6 (0.4) years. Subjects were of mean (SD) age 52 (10) years at X-ray A and had undergone prior knee meniscectomy. Radiographs of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) jo
This article presents the analysis of a large survey on file-sharing that was conducted in April 2011 with over 75,000 respondents from all over the world. The study, also known as The Research Bay, due to that it was conducted in collaboration with the infamous BitTorrent site The Pirate Bay, by the Cybernorms research group. The aim of the online study of The Pirate Bay community has been to des
Popular Abstract in Swedish Höftfraktur är en vanlig skada, som huvudsakligen drabbar äldre kvinnor, och oftast orsakas av ett ringa våld. Det är vanlig orsak till funktionsnedsättning, sjuklighet och dödlighet hos de äldre. Både incidensen (antal nya fall per antal innevånare och år) av höftfrakturer och det totala antalet har ökat de senaste årtiondena. Höftfrakturer medför stora kostnader för sHip fractures are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients, with a high risk of functional impairment and institutionalization. The incidence and number of hip fractures have increased during the recent decades and hip fractures consume considerable health-care resources. The incidence of hip fractures in Malmö, Sweden, 1992–95, is described in Paper I. The annual incidence pe
BackgroundThe role of inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other cognitive disorders is unclear. In a well-defined mono-center population, we measured cytokines and chemokines in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. MethodsConsecutive patients with AD (n = 30), stable mild cognitive impairment (SMCI, n = 11), other dementias (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 18) were inclu
Background and purpose: A 1988 pilot study in Peru suggested an association between migraine and chronic exposure to high altitude. This study provides epidemiological evidence corroborating this. Methods: In a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study, a representative sample of Nepali-speaking adults were recruited through stratified multistage cluster sampling. They were visited at home
Introduction: Misoprostol (Cytotec) was primarily made for treating gastric ulcers. However today it is mostly used for abortion, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and for induction of labor. The tablet contains 200 µg of misoprostol, yet the dosages used for induction of labor are much smaller (25–50 µg), leading to uncertainty of dosage in daily use. Aim: To evaluate and compare the relative bioav
Background: Papillary thyroid cancer is treated with total/near-total thyroidectomy (TT) with or without central lymph node dissection (CLND), depending on risk factors and tumour size. Balancing the risk of disease recurrence and surgical morbidity remains a challenge. A population-based nationwide study was undertaken to evaluate the risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism associated with CLND. Met
Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and has been implicated in glucose homeostasis and diabetes pathogenesis because it is expressed in insulin cells and forms amyloid in pancreatic islets from type II diabetic patients. IAPP is also constitutively co-expressed with CGRP in rat sensory neurons. Whether expression of IAPP is altered by
BACKGROUND: Hand eczema is more common in healthcare workers compared to the general population. The hands are subject to changing occupational exposures due to mandatory hygiene regulations for health care workers.OBJECTIVES: To describe the exposure due to hygiene procedures and investigate the associations between occupational hand washing, use of non-sterile gloves, and hand disinfectant and s
BACKGROUND: The incidence of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated for complicated or uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease (PUD) has not been ascertained completely. METHOD: All patients with in-hospital treatment due to PUD between 1987 and 2007, who did not have any past history of acute or chronic cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, were identified through the
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur näringsbehovet tillgodoses skiljer sig mellan spädbarn och småbarn. Bröstmjölk och/eller modersmjölksersättning dominerar som källor till energi-och näringsintag under första levnadsåret. I småbarnskosten däremot, tillför komjölk majoriteten av energi, protein och mättat fett, men knappast något järn eller fleromättat fett alls. Flera rekommendationer finns över hurIn the diet for young children, whole cow´s milk is the major contributor of calories, protein and saturated fat, but it supplies little iron and polyunsaturated fat. Although several recommendations exist for the composition of formula, recommendations for the composition of milk for young children are lacking. We investigated if milk with modified fat-, protein-, and iron content aimed at young
Using an animal model, the thesis explores how the initial ventilation of the lungs, and surfactant therapy, should best be managed after premature birth. Material and measurements: The studies were made in newborn lambs delivered by cesarean section. Spread of exogenous surfactant was analysed by mixing it with technetium-labelled macroaggregated human serum albumin and imaging the radioactivity
The propagation channel determines the fundamental basis of wireless communications, as well as the actual performance of practical systems. Therefore, having good channel models is a prerequisite for developing the next generation wireless systems. This thesis first investigates one of the main channel model building blocks, namely clusters. To understand the concept of clusters and channel chara
Background: Computed tomography (CT) of the brain is performed with high local doses due to high demands on low contrast resolution. Advanced algorithms for noise reduction might be able to preserve critical image information when reducing radiation dose.PurposeTo evaluate the effect of advanced noise filtering on image quality in brain CT acquired with reduced radiation dose. Material and Method
OBJECTIVES: Meniscal pathology in which the aetiology is often unclear is a frequent finding on knee MRI. This study investigates potential risk factors for medial meniscal lesions or extrusion in middle-aged and elderly persons. METHODS: Prospective cohort study using population-based subjects from Birmingham, Alabama and Iowa City, Iowa, USA (the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study). 644 men and
To determine the impact of a family history of the common form of type 2 diabetes and the phenotype of the proband on anthropometric and metabolic variables in normoglycemic first degree relatives, we studied 2100 first degree relatives of patients with the common form of type 2 diabetes (FH+) and 388 subjects without a family history of diabetes (FH-). All subjects participated in an oral glucose
