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The anations of Pt(H2O)42+ and PtX(H2O)3+ (to trans-PtX(H2O)2) by X− = Cl−, Br−, I− and SCN− and the anation of trans-PtX2(H2O)2) by X− = Cl−, Br− and I− have been studied at 25 °C and 1.00 M perchlorate medium using both stopped-flow and conventional spectrophotometry. For large excess of X−, PtX42− is formed according to the mechanism in Figure 1. The results indicate an entering ligand order ofThe anations of Pt(H2O)42+ and PtX(H2O)3+ (to trans-PtX(H2O)2) by X− = Cl−, Br−, I− and SCN− and the anation of trans-PtX2(H2O)2) by X− = Cl−, Br− and I− have been studied at 25 °C and 1.00 M perchlorate medium using both stopped-flow and conventional spectrophotometry. For large excess of X−, PtX42− is formed according to the mechanism in Figure 1. The results indicate an entering ligand order of

Ligand exchange at square-planar [Pd(MeCN)4]2+ and [Pd(EtCN)4]2+ has been studied by 1H NMR line broadening and at [Pt(MeCN)4]2+ and [Pt(EtCN)4]2+ by isotopic labelling using 1H NMR spectroscopy in deuteriated nitromethane. Exchange takes place via two-term rate laws Rex/4 = (k1 + k2[RCN])cM with well defined k1 paths. Rate constants per co-ordination site k1298/s–1, k2298/kg mol–1 s–1 are 6.9 ± 1Ligand exchange at square-planar [Pd(MeCN)4]2+ and [Pd(EtCN)4]2+ has been studied by 1H NMR line broadening and at [Pt(MeCN)4]2+ and [Pt(EtCN)4]2+ by isotopic labelling using 1H NMR spectroscopy in deuteriated nitromethane. Exchange takes place via two-term rate laws Rex/4 = (k1 + k2[RCN])cM with well defined k1 paths. Rate constants per co-ordination site k1298/s–1, k2298/kg mol–1 s–1 are 6.9 ± 1

Background: The management of cervical cancer patients with intraoperative detection of lymph node involvement remains controversial. Since all these patients are referred for (chemo)radiation after the surgery, the key decision is whether radical hysterectomy should be completed as originally planned, taking into account an additional morbidity associated with extensive surgical dissection prior

Popular Abstract in Swedish I vår kropp står ämnesomsättningen för nedbrytning av mat till kemiska ämnen som är nödvändiga för vår energiförsörjning, kroppsuppbyggnad och fortplantning. Varje cell i varje organism tillverkar eller tar upp små molekyler, som de sedan sätter ihop till stora molekyler. Samtidigt som detta sker så bryter cellerna ner molekyler som har blivit tillverkade. Ur detta får There are two fundamentally different ways by which a metabolite can be transferred between enzymes in metabolic pathways. If the two sequential enzymes cannot form a complex with each other, the metabolite must first be released from the producing enzyme to the reaction medium and then be transported to the consuming enzyme, via the reaction medium, by free diffusion. If the two sequential enzyme

Appreciation and production of musical rhythm is a human universal and, as with other human capacities, it is imperative to understand the extent of our capacity to perceive and produce rhythm. This thesis presents my work on the cognitive and perceptual aspects of rhythm perception and production at a slow tempi. In Paper I I establish that rhythm production, such as keeping the beat to a metron

Our clinical experience has suggested that the presently recommended patch-test concentration (1.0%) for formaldehyde in the baseline series might be too low. Therefore, consecutively patch-tested dermatitis patients were tested simultaneously with formaldehyde 1.0% and 2.0% (w/v) in aqua. Formaldehyde 1.0% and 2.0% were applied with a micro-pipette (15 microl) to filter paper discs in Finn Chambe

Background: Most validations of paediatric glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equations using standardized creatinine (CR) and cystatin C (CYS) assays have comprised relatively small cohorts, which makes accuracy across subgroups of GFR, age, body mass index (BMI) and gender uncertain. To overcome this, a large cohort of children referred for GFR determination has been established from se

Background: Quality of life (QOL) has become an important complementary endpoint in cancer clinical studies alongside more traditional assessments (eg, tumour response, progression-free survival, overall survival). Niraparib maintenance treatment has been shown to significantly improve progression-free survival in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. We aimed to assess whether the benefits of e

BACKGROUND: Triticum aestivum (wheat) is one of the world's oldest crops and has been used for >8000 years as a food crop in North Africa, West Asia and Europe. Today, wheat is one of the most important sources of grain for humans, and is cultivated on greater areas of land than any other crop. As the human population increases and soil salinity becomes more prevalent, there is increased pressure

BACKGROUND: Mood disorders and strokes are often comorbid, and their health toll worldwide is huge. This study characterizes prognostic and causal roles of mood disorders in stroke.METHODS: We tested if genetic susceptibilities for mood disorders were associated with all strokes, ischemic strokes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (24 631 individuals with a median follow-up of 21.3 (interquartile

The pseudorapidity density of charged particles, dNch/dη, at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions has been measured at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN=5.02 TeV. For the 5% most central collisions, we measure a value of 1943±54. The rise in dNch/dη as a function of sNN is steeper than that observed in proton-proton collisions and follows the trend established by measurements at lower ene

Patients with mental illness have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. The Swedish-developed Health Dialogue is a pedagogical tool to individualize lifestyle counselling, used in specific age-groups to improve lifestyle habits and decrease mortality, but not tested specifically for patients with mental illness. Patients > 18 years old seeking primary care due to symptoms related to menta

The stability of dispersions containing charged particles may obviously be regulated by salt. In some systems, the effective charge, as measured by the potential some small distance away from the particles, can have a sign opposite to the bare surface charge. If charge reversal takes place, there is typically a salt concentration regime within which colloidal stability increases with added salt. T

Ribonucleotide reductases (RNR) are key enzymes for transformation of RNA building blocks (NTPs) to DNA building blocks (dNTPs), an essential step in biological systems. RNRs are known to be the first enzymes identified with free radical chemistry and play an important role in having a tight control over dNTP levels, as these DNA building blocks are needed for vital cellular processes such as cell

Direct bandgap metal lead halide perovskites offer promising optoelectronic properties desirable in a wide range of applications including photodetection. However, the incomplete and poor understanding of the photophysical processes taking place in these materials, along with their poor stability, is the bottleneck for optimisation and further development of metal halide perovskite devices. In thi

Fire and grazing, a disaster or opportunity? Due to climate change, disturbances such as forest fires are expected to see an increase in frequency in the 21st century. Fires can increase species diversity since it can create habitats for early successional species. At least if it does not happen too often. Imagine living in a house that burns down every year, it would not be a very nice place to

Den digitala utvecklingen har förändrat detaljhandelsbranschen i stor utsträckning. Priserna på e-handelsmarknaden är normalt sett lägre än priserna i fysiska butiker till följd av hård konkurrens, prismedvetna konsumenter och dynamisk prissättning (en prissättningsmodell som innebär att priserna på en produkt varierar flera gånger om dagen). Prismarknadsföring (realisationer, slutförsäljningar, uDigitalisation has had a significant impact on the retail industry. Due to strong competition, price-conscious consumers and dynamic pricing (a pricing strategy in which prices varies several times throughout the day) prices in E-commerce are usually lower than prices in traditional commerce. Under these circumstances, price reductions (sales, clearance sales and finale sales) and price comparison

Popular science summary: An MK-801 Hyperactivity Model in Zebrafish Larvae Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by psychosis, depression and cognitive impairments. The severity of this disease is easily underestimated, since the manifestations are not consequently lethal. Additionally, Schizophrenia is correlated with a 50 times increased risk of attempted suicide. Considering that a