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AIMS: Mammographic screening reduces mortality in breast cancer. It is not known if this reduction is more pronounced in certain groups. Obesity has been associated with worse survival following breast cancer diagnosis. This study investigates BMI in relation to breast cancer mortality, and if this association is affected by invitation to mammographic screening. METHODS: In 1976, a randomised mamm
OBJECTIVE. Severe (PiZZ) alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a risk factor for liver disease, i.e. juvenile cirrhosis in infancy, and cirrhosis and hepatoma in adulthood. Little is known about the risk of liver disease in individuals with moderate (PiSZ) AAT deficiency. To investigate the natural course of AAT deficiency, a cohort of PiZZ and PiSZ individuals identified by the Swedish Nationa
Popular Abstract in English The secondary metabolites found in plants represent an extremely rich and limitless source of novel chemical diversity for drug discovery. In fact, some of the most important drugs currently in use today are derived from plants and they were discovered as a result of the study of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine. In this context, Bolivia is one of the most In response to the challenges of their local environments, organisms produce of a large number of chemical diverse compounds with complex stereochemistry and reactive functional groups. These characteristics enable them to interact and bind specifically to biological target molecules and exert various biological activities, and have assured that Natural products continues to be an important source
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sjukdomen ärftlig hjärnblödning med cystatin C-amyloid angiopati (engelsk förkortning, HCCAA) beror på att en ärftlig mutation i genomet förändrar en byggsten (aminosyra) i proteinet cystatin C. Cystatin C-varianten som uppkommer deponeras som olösligt material (amyloid) i blodkärlens väggar och leder till att dessa ofta brister före 40-årsåldern med hjärnblödning som fHereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy (HCCAA) is a disorder characterised by multiple strokes in young adults, resulting in paralysis and dementia. The disease is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for the peptidase inhibitor cystatin C. The mutation causes an amino acid substitution Leu68 -> Gln in cystatin C (L68Q cystatin C) which results in deposition of the protein in the blood vessel
Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of eating difficulties and malnutrition among persons in hospital care and in special accommodations. Design: The cross-sectional observational study was performed in Nov. 2005. Setting: Hospitals and special accommodations. Participants: Out of 2945 persons, 2600 (88%) agreed to participate (1726 from special accommodations and 874 f
Purpose: To test various ways of combining creatinine and cystatin C in equations to predict glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Material and methods: Performance of the following expressions to predict GFR was compared with measured GFR (iohexol clearance, mL/min/1.73 m(2)) in 857 patients: (i) Lund-Malmo creatinine equation, (ii) Grubb cystatin C equation, (iii) arithmetic mean of (1) and (2), (iv
Light scattering by zooplankton was investigated as a major factor undermining transparency camouflage in these pelagic animals. Zooplankton of differing transparencies – including the hyperiid amphipod Anchylomera blossevillei, an unknown gammarid amphipod species, the brine shrimp Artemia salina, the euphausiid shrimp Euphausia diomedeae, the isopod Gnathia sp., the copepods Pontella karachiensi
This paper analyses the nature and scale of transaction costs (TCs) borne by obliged parties under a "Tradable White Certificate" (TWC) scheme. Taking the first phase of the Energy Efficiency Commitment (EECl) in Great Britain as a case study, several sources of TCs were considered, such as search for information, persuasion of customers, negotiation with business partners, and measurement and ver
Objectives: To examine the risk of putative pneumococcal infections in adult arthritis patients on different anti-rheumatic drugs immunized with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevenar 7; PCV7) and non-vaccinated individually matched arthritis patients. Method: All individuals in a cohort of 505 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondylarthropathy (SpA) receiving different an
The present study evaluated the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy in combination with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) biotherapy compared to the chemotherapy alone. Fifty-nine advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were randomly divided into two groups, group A (chemotherapy, alone, including docetaxel 75 mg/m(2), day 1; cisplatin, 25 mg/m(2), days 1-4, tri-weekly) and group B (chemoth
We have tried to calculate the free energy for the binding of six small ligands to two variants of the octa-acid deep cavitand host in the SAMPL5 blind challenge. We employed structures minimised with dispersion-corrected density-functional theory with small basis sets and energies were calculated using large basis sets. Solvation energies were calculated with continuum methods and thermostatistic
Temperature is an important factor regulating microbial activity and shaping the soil microbial community. Little is known, however, on how temperature affects the most important groups of the soil microorganisms, the bacteria and the fungi, in situ. We have therefore measured the instantaneous total activity (respiration rate), bacterial activity (growth rate as thymidine incorporation rate) and
Omkring en tredjedel av alla sammanlevande par i Sverige idag är sambor och omfattas därigenom av sambolagen. Sambolagens huvudsyfte är att tillhandahålla ett minimiskydd till den svagare parten när samboförhållandet upplöses. I och med att samboförhållandena ökar i antal varar allt fler samboförhållanden längre, till och med livet ut. Mot bakgrund av detta är uppsatsens mål att behandla vilket efAbout one third of all couples in Sweden today are cohabitants and therefore subject to the Cohabitees Act. The purpose of the Cohabitees Act is to provide minimum protection for the weaker party when a cohabitee relationship ends. Due to the fact that cohabitee relationships are increasing in number, more cohabitee relationships are lasting longer, some even for life. Considering this, the object
This thesis aims to study the representation of gender aspects in health policies from an international level down to regional Swedish level to see if the gendered perspective is present. It also aims to see how the Swedish region Gävleborg with their policy work can create possibilities for gender equality in health development. A feminist post structural theory and a policy analysis together wit
In December 2019, news came from China about a mysterious virus that infected people in the Chinese city of Wuhan. During the following weeks the disease spread further to a number of countries all over the world (DW 2019). The new disease turns out to be very dangerous and highly contagious. While the pandemic spread and people died disinformation started to spread in the media, social media, and
Increasing CO2 emissions are impacting the environment negatively. There is a common under-standing that the overconsumption of natural resources is no longer acceptable. In Sweden, within the transport sector, heavy and light trucks make up for a large portion of the emis-sions. One way to tackle climate change and reach ecological sustainability, perhaps the most crucial one, is by implementing
Background: The performance of creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimating equations may vary in subgroups defined by GFR, age and body mass index (BMI). This study compares the performance of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations with the revised Lund-Malmo equation (LM Revised), a new equa
The fashion industry is a significant contributor to global environmental and social issues. But as a system, it is composed of different stakeholders that can work together to make a change. One of those actors involved are small fashion labels, which according to the European Commission, account for more than 90% of the workforce and produce almost 60% of the value within the textile industry (2
This is a comparative study of China, Iran, Russia and Saudi Arabia, from an EU perspective. The EU imposed arms’ embargoes on China, Iran and Russia for reasons such as democratic concerns and military aggrandisement, the purpose of this study is therefor to find explanations to why the EU have not imposed arms’ embargoes on Saudi Arabia, a state who have arguably committed similar acts as the ot
Background. To study group B streptococcus (GBS) colonisation in parturients and infants in relation to obstetric outcome and to define serotypes and antibiotic resistance in GBS isolates acquired. Methods. A population-based, national cohort of parturients and their infants was investigated. During 1 calendar week in 2005 all women giving birth (n=1,754) were requested to participate in the study
