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In this work, the nucleation and growth of InAs nanowires on patterned SiO2/Si(111) substrates is studied. It is found that the nanowire yield is strongly dependent on the size of the etched holes in the SiO2, where openings smaller than 180 nm lead to a substantial decrease in nucleation yield, while openings larger than View the MathML source promote nucleation of crystallites rather than nanowi
In this study, we sought evidence for alpha-synuclein (ASYN) expression in oligodendrocytes, as a possible endogenous source of ASYN to explain its presence in glial inclusions found in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD). We identified ASYN in oligodendrocyte lineage progenitors isolated from the rodent brain, in oligodendrocytes generated from embryonic stem cells, and in
We report on the fabrication of a self-aligned regrown In0.53Ga0.47As metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and a resonant tunneling diode (RTD). The performance of these devices is demonstrated by integrating them in parallel with an inductive coplanar waveguide stub to form a highly energy-efficient 70-GHz wavelet generator. The fast switching and low on-resistance of the MO
To evaluate the effect of alcohol cessation on the risk of developing laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers, combining available evidence in the scientific literature in a meta-analysis.
Background: The need for a mobile workforce inevitably means that the length of the total work day (working and traveling time) will increase, but the health effects of commuting have been surprisingly little studied apart from perceived stress and the benefits of physically active commuting. Methods: We used data from two cross-sectional population-based public health surveys performed in 2004 an
BACKGROUND: Discrimination may further impede access to medical care for individuals in socially disadvantaged positions. Sociodemographic information and perceived discrimination intersect and define multiple contexts or strata that condition the risk of refraining from seeking physician's care. By applying analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA) we aimed to impro
The interplay between aging and immune system deterioration presents a formidable challenge to human health, especially in the context of a globally aging population. Aging is associated with a decline in the body’s ability to combat infections and an increased risk of various diseases, underlining the importance of rejuvenating the immune system as a strategy for promoting healthier aging. In iss
A healthy working life is fundamental for individuals and society. To date, increasingly research connects the earlier, pre-working life to later working life experiences and beyond, recognizing that a worker’s health and exposure starts before the working life begins. The research, however, often lacks a fundamental understanding of (i) the underlying mechanisms and pathways accounting for differ
Respiratory viruses such as Influenza A virus (IAV) pose a significant burden on UK healthcare, especially in winter months. The drivers of the seasonal increase in IAV infection rates include environmental conditions, viral genetic variation, host immunity and human behaviour. This project aims to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on IAV airborne stability, thus improving our und
OBJECTIVE: To explore trajectories of 12-week adherence to a digital education and exercise therapy for knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA), associations with baseline characteristics, and trajectories of patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) up to 1-year follow-up.DESIGN: Retrospective cohort (registry) study.METHODS: Weekly data on adherence (i.e. the percentage of completed activities (exerc
OBJECTIVE: There is growing interest in how peers' genotypes may influence health (i.e., peer social genetic effects). The authors sought to clarify the nature of peer social genetic effects on risk for drug use disorder, alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depression, and anxiety disorder. METHOD: Cox models were used with data from a population-based Swedish cohort (N=655,327). Outcomes were drug
Objectives: To explore the population-based risk factors for genital herpes in women and examine whether genital herpes occurs at higher rates in women diagnosed with cervical neoplasia and common urogenital infections. Methods: An open cohort study consisting of 4,097,075 women ≥15 years of age in Sweden (2002-2018). The outcome was genital herpes diagnosis. The predictor variables were sociodemo
Purpose of review Breathlessness is a common, distressing and limiting symptom in people with advanced disease, but is challenging to assess as the symptom intensity depends on the level of exertion (symptom stimulus) during the assessment. This review outlines how to use recently developed normative reference equations to evaluate breathlessness responses, accounting for level of exertion, for va
The human sex ratio at birth (SRB) undergoes temporary changes around a mean proportion of 0.51 male births. SRB has been well studied for historical, geographical, and secular trends, but until now not linked to health outcomes in the total population, e.g. for cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality during follow-up of birth cohorts. We used linkage analysis based on national registers in Swed
Background In adults with serious respiratory illness, breathlessness is prevalent and associated with reduced health-related quality of life. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of breathing techniques on breathlessness in adults with serious respiratory illness. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials testing breathing techniques (technique
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (pcBN) is a very promising tool material for turning martensitic stainless steels at high cutting speeds (vc > 200 m/min). The competitive advantage of pcBN over cemented carbide increases as the cutting speed is increased. Changing the speed might lead to a shift in the wear balance and hence the knowledge about tool wear below vc = 200 m/min might not be appli
The Bell-state measurement (BSM) is the projection of two qubits onto four orthogonal maximally entangled states. Here we first propose how to appropriately define more general BSMs, which have more than four possible outcomes, and then study whether they exist in quantum theory. We observe that nonprojective BSMs can be defined in a systematic way in terms of equiangular tight frames of maximally
Background In adults with serious respiratory illness, fatigue is prevalent and under-recognised, with few treatment options. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of graded exercise therapy (GET) on fatigue in adults with serious respiratory illness. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing GET (involving incremental increases in
Rationale: Regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine is frequently prescribed for persistent breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, effects on daytime sleepiness, perceived sleep quality, and daytime function have not been rigorously investigated. Objectives: We sought to determine the effects of regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine on sleep parameter
