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Background: The extent of thyroid disruptive effects of phthalates during pregnancy remains unclear. Aim: To investigate the association of maternal urinary phthalates with markers of the thyroid system during early pregnancy. Methods: Urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and serum concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free and total thyroxine (FT4 and TT4) and free and t
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that prenatal chemical exposure triggers epigenetic modifications that could influence health outcomes later in life. In this study, we investigated whether DNA methylation (DNAm) levels at the glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B (GRIN2B) gene underlies the association between prenatal exposure to an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), bis
Background: Experimental evidence demonstrates that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), and the recently introduced alternatives bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) alter normal neurodevelopment. More research is needed to evaluate the associations between exposure to individual BPA alternatives and neurodevelopmental outcomes in humans. Objective: The present study aimed at examining the individua
Background: Phenotypic characteristics of patients with eosinophilic and noneosinophilic asthma are not well characterized in global, real-life severe asthma cohorts. Research Question: What is the prevalence of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic phenotypes in the population with severe asthma, and can these phenotypes be differentiated by clinical and biomarker variables? Study Design and Methods:
Background: Few data have looked at the occurrence and clinical correlates of self-reported shorter than desired ejaculation latency (rapid ejaculation, RE) and its related distress in the general population. Aim: To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of self-reported RE and RE- related distress in middle age and older European men. Methods: Subjects were recruited from population sa
The recent discovery that metal nanoparticles can generate hot carriers upon light excitation is seen as a breakthrough in the fields of plasmonics and photonics. However, the high expectations for a plasmonic revolution in applications have been dampened by the ultrafast energy dissipation of surface plasmon polariton modes. While research aimed at suppressing loss mechanisms is still pursued, an
Growth approaches that limit the interface area between layers to nanoscale regions are emerging as a promising pathway to limit the interface defect formation due to mismatching lattice parameters or thermal expansion coefficient. Interfacial defect mitigation is of great interest in photovoltaics as it opens up more material combinations for use in devices. Herein, an overview of the vapor-liqui
Low-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic metal halides have received increased attention because of their outstanding optical and electronic properties. However, the most studied hybrid compounds contain lead and have long-term stability issues, which must be addressed for their use in practical applications. Here, we report a new zero-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic halide, RInBr4, featuring
As downscaling of semiconductor devices continues, one or a few randomly placed dopants may dominate the characteristics. Furthermore, due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of one-dimensional devices, the position of the Fermi level is often determined primarily by surface pinning, regardless of doping level. In this work, we investigate the possibility of tuning the Fermi level dynamically wit
The response of electric devices to an applied thermal gradient has, so far, been studied almost exclusively in two-terminal devices. Here we present measurements of the response to a thermal bias of a four-terminal, quasiballistic junction with a central scattering site. We find a novel transverse thermovoltage measured across isothermal contacts. Using a multiterminal scattering model extended t
High-quality GaSb nanowires (NWs) have been synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. The as-synthesized NWs have a zinc-blende structure with growth direction along a < 011 > direction. Raman spectrum of the GaSb NWs consists of two peaks, corresponding to the LO and TO phonon modes, respectively. The temperature dependence of the photoluminescence spectra shows a blue-shift as the temperature d
This article introduces a continuous, gas-phase method for depositing thin metallic coatings onto (nano)particles using a type of physical vapor deposition (PVD) at ambient pressure and temperature. An aerosol of core particles is mixed with a metal vapor cloud formed by spark ablation by passing the aerosol through the spark zone using a hollow electrode configuration. The mixing process rapidly
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has anti-atherogenic properties and the plasma level of HDL cholesterol correlates inversely with the risk of coronary artery disease. The atheroprotective functions of HDL can be explained by its function in the reverse cholesterol transport. Blood coagulation is activated in response to tissue damage and involves a series of enzymatic protein complexes that assembl
The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a photoactive water soluble protein that is crucial for photoprotection in cyanobacteria. When activated by blue-green light, it triggers quenching of phycobilisome fluorescence and regulates energy flow from the phycobilisome to the reaction center. The OCP contains a single pigment, the carotenoid 3'-hydroxyechinenone (hECN). Binding to the OCP causes a con
We theoretically investigate electronic transport through a junction where a quantum dot (QD) is tunnel coupled on both sides to semiconductor nanowires with strong spin-orbit interaction and proximity-induced superconductivity. The results are presented as stability diagrams, i.e., the differential conductance as a function of the bias voltage applied across the junction and the gate voltage used
The stepping direction of linear molecular motors is usually defined by a spatial asymmetry of the motor, its track, or both. Here we present a model for a molecular walker that undergoes biased directional motion along a symmetric track in the presence of a temporally symmetric chemical cycle. Instead of using asymmetry, directionality is achieved by persistence. At small load force the walker ca
A sizable fraction of testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) risk is expected to be explained by heritable factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified a number of common SNPs associated with TGCT. It is however, unclear how much common variation there is left to be accounted for by other, yet to be identified, common SNPs and what contribution common genetic var
We investigate the second-order von Neumann approach from a diagrammatic point of view and demonstrate its equivalence with the resonant tunneling approximation. The investigation of higher order diagrams shows that the method correctly reproduces the equation of motion for the single-particle reduced density matrix of an arbitrary non-interacting many-body system. This explains why the method rep
We report on In0.53Ga0.47As n-channel multiple-gate field-effect transistors (MuGFETs or FinFETs) with a novel method of selectively regrown lateral (parallel to substrate) nanowires as channels. The device exhibits a minimum subthreshold slope of 85 mV/decade and drain-induced barrier lowering of 88 mV/V at V-DS = 0.05 V and L-G = 200 nm. At V-DS = 0.5 V, (gm), (max) = 1.67 mS/mu m is achieved (L
