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Preparedness planning is part of the disaster management process in many countries and it includes building capabilities to improve the effectiveness of response to various scenarios. Sweden, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom all use risk and vulnerability analyses together with capability assessments as part of their preparations for disasters. Whereas the definitions of risk and vulnerabili
In this work, physical and chemical characterization of El- Lajjoun retort water from oil shale pyrolysis process has been carried out. Comparison of different treatment methods for the major components which could affect the design and operation of any set of wastewater treatment process were conducted. The removal of phenol and ammonia using activated carbon after 12 hour resident time were 93 a
In this paper an approach for employing risk and vulnerability analyses as the basis for emergency preparedness planning is discussed and exemplified using a case study. The study consisted of three connected parts: a broad scope hazard identification and analysis, an assessment of potential assistance needs should any of the hazards materialise and finally a mapping of actors and dependencies. Th
Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes share pathophysiological characteristics, yet mechanistic links have remained elusive. T1D results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, whereas beta cell failure in T2D is delayed and progressive. Here we find a new genetic component of diabetes susceptibility in T1D non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, identifying immune-independent beta cell frag
BACKGROUND: High body mass index (BMI) and low physical fitness are risk factors for stroke, but their interactive effects are unknown. Elucidation of interactions between these modifiable risk factors can help inform preventive interventions in susceptible subgroups.METHODS: National cohort study of all 1,547,294 military conscripts in Sweden during 1969-1997 (97-98% of all 18-year-old males). St
Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is clinically heterogeneous. Using a large epidemiological sample ascertained via public registries, is it possible to identify clinical and historical features of AUD that reflect familial risk? Methods: Using registration in national medical, legal or pharmacy registries, we identified four kinds of relative pairs (n = 683,223) starting with a proband with
Background: Although studies have shown associations between neighbourhood quality and chronic disease outcomes, such associations are potentially confounded by the selection of different types of people into different neighbourhood environments. We sought to identify the causal effects of neighbourhood deprivation on type 2 diabetes risk, by comparing refugees in Sweden who were actively disperse
Objective: Familial risks of glomerulonephritis (acute, chronic and unspecified glomerulonephritis) have not been studied. This study aims to determine the familial risks of glomerulonephritis. Methods: Individuals born from1932 onwards diagnosed with glomerulonephritis (acute [n = 7011], chronic [n = 10,242] and unspecified glomerulonephritis [n = 5762]) were included. The familial risk (Standard
BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that autoimmune diseases affect predominantly in women, but the available evidence came from case control study with potential selection and recall bias. We aimed to examine the gender-specific incidence of autoimmune diseases by using national wide registers in Sweden.METHODS: Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and Outpatient Register were used to identify a set
AIM: To evaluate correlations between physical activity, VO2PEAK and body fat versus autonomic function in children.METHODS: Children (n = 98) between 10 and 12 years underwent a maximal exercise test (VO2PEAK) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measured body fat. General physical activity, moderate to vigorous physical activity and vigorous physical activity were assessed by accelerometers. Dee
Background/objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is currently diagnosed clinically using defined symptomatic diagnostic criteria. Pathological levels of CSF-biomarkers, high T-tau, P-tau and low Ab42 have been associated with AD however definition of cut off values differ. New diagnostic criteria that include the pathological CSF biomarkers have been suggested. How many AD patients in a routine cli
We suggest a method that can be used for analysing an emergency response system. Both the literature and empirical findings indicate that response operations sometimes diverge from existing plans when adapting to an event and its consequences. The method, which aims at achieving a better understanding of emergency response management, adopts a systems perspective using various relationships that e
In making societal decisions concerning hazards with potentially disastrous consequences it is important to have soundly based knowledge of how people evaluate the seriousness of disasters. In the present study a group of students evaluated the seriousness of disasters described in terms of four basic attributes (and their ranges): number of fatalities (0-1000), number of serious injuries (0-4000)
This essay attempts to shed light on why aggressive ideas gain support within established western states. To do that it attempts to answer the question why the armed conflict against Iraq received such varied support during the first four months of 2003 within the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, France and Spain. A comparative study indicates that the justifications for the armed con
OBJECTIVES: To analyze whether there is an association between neighborhood deprivation and cervical cancer morbidity and mortality, beyond individual level characteristics. DESIGN: The entire Swedish population aged 25 to 74, a total of 1.9million women, were followed from January 1, 1990, until hospital admission due to cervical cancer during the study period, or the end of the study on Dece
