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The focus of this doctoral dissertation was to develop novel and scalable computational genomics methods for analysing single-cell genomic modalities. Scarf, a highly memory-efficient single-cell data analysis toolkit, was developed to enable an analysis of very large-scale datasets on personal computers, and the execution of parallel workflows on server-scale computational systems. The advances i
AIMS: Reduced lung function and adverse health outcomes are often observed. This study characterizes genetic susceptibility for reduced lung function and risk of developing a range of adverse health outcomes.METHODS: We studied 27,438 middle-aged adults from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), followed up to 28.8 years. Trait-specific Polygenic scores (PGS) for forced expiratory volume in 1 s
Advanced instrumentation and versatile setups are needed for understanding light interaction with biological targets. Such instruments include (1) microscopes and 3D scanners for detailed spatial analysis, (2) spectral instruments for deducing molecular composition, (3) polarimeters for assessing structural properties, and (4) goniometers probing the scattering phase function of, e.g., tissue slab
Numerous biological mechanisms contribute to outcome after stroke, including brain injury, inflammation, and repair mechanisms. Clinical genetic studies have the potential to discover biological mechanisms affecting stroke recovery in humans and identify intervention targets. Large sample sizes are needed to detect commonly occurring genetic variations related to stroke brain injury and recovery.
Ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) can provide a compelling platform for studying an analyte's oxidation and reduction reactions in solutions. This paper presents proof-of-principle operando measurements of a model organometallic complex, iron hexacyanide, in an aqueous solution using the dip-and-pull technique. The data demonstrates that the electrochemically active liquid
Ulnar nerve compression at the elbow (UNE) frequently affects people of working age. Surgically treated patients may not immediately return to work (RTW) postoperatively. In 2008, the Swedish Social Insurance Agency reformed the national insurance policy. We aimed to examine RTW postoperatively for UNE, variations among surgical methods, and potential risk factors for prolonged RTW (sick leave > 6
Background: Most antidepressant treatment studies have included patients strictly based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders definition of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Given the heterogeneity of MDD, this approach may have obscured inter-patient differences and hampered the development of novel and targeted treatment strategies. An alternative strategy is to use bioma
This study aimed to investigate the influence of stroke lesions in predefined highly interconnected (rich-club) brain regions on functional outcome post-stroke, determine their spatial specificity and explore the effects of biological sex on their relevance. We analyzed MRI data recorded at index stroke and ~3-months modified Rankin Scale (mRS) data from patients with acute ischemic stroke enrolle
Background and Objective: Waste in clinical trials remains rife. We developed an economic model to predict the cost of trials based on input costs, duration, power, number of sites, recruitment eligibility and consenting rates. Methods: We parameterised the model for three proxy placebo-controlled surgical trials using data from a systematic review, a bespoke cost survey, and from the literature.
The World Health Organization has rated alcohol abuse as one of the leading risk factors for population health worldwide and emphasises the relevance of alcohol affordability (AA) measures as important instruments to monitor alcohol control policy. The present study suggests an AA index that is suitable for measuring AA in Sweden, where off-premises alcohol is exclusively distributed by Systembola
The increased interest in utilizing lignin as a feedstock to produce various aromatic compounds requires advanced chemical analysis methods to provide qualitative and quantitative characterization of lignin samples along different technology streamlines. However, due to the lack of commercially available chemical standards, routine quantification of industrially relevant lignin oligomers in comple
Clinical pain is often linked to poor body mechanics, with individuals sometimes presenting multiple painful disorders. Such disorders may be influenced by behaviors that affect the general resiliency and health of the musculoskeletal system. We aimed to develop a self-reported scale using the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study questions on work-related body mechanical exposures. An expert panel identifi
BACKGROUND: X-ray micro-tomography (μCT) is a powerful non-destructive 3D imaging method applied in many scientific fields. In combination with propagation-based phase-contrast, the method is suitable for samples with low absorption contrast. Phase contrast tomography has become available in the lab with the ongoing development of micro-focused tube sources, but it requires sensitive and high-reso
Tissue clearing is commonly used for whole-brain imaging but seldom used for brain slices. Here, we present a simple protocol to slice, immunostain, and clear sections of adult rat brains for subsequent high-resolution confocal imaging. The protocol does not require toxic reagents or specialized equipment. We also provide instructions for culturing of rat brain slices free floating on permeable cu
A method is presented for the determination of complex-valued compression and shear elastic moduli of polymers for ultrasound applications. The resulting values, which are scarcely reported in the literature, are found with uncertainties typically around 1% (real part) and 6% (imaginary part). The method involves a setup consisting of a cm-radius, mm-thick polymer ring glued concentrically to a di
Background: There is a great unmet clinical need to identify patients with thin primary cutaneous melanomas (T1, Breslow thickness ≤ 1 mm) who have a high risk for tumor recurrence and death from melanoma. Kin of IRRE-like protein 1 (KIRREL/NEPH1) is expressed in podocytes and involved in glomerular filtration, but its expression in human cancer has not yet been reported. Screening in the Human Pr
Circular building design could significantly reduce the environmental impact of buildings and the pressure on natural resources. However, most buildings today are not designed according to the principles of the circular economy. Most literature has focused on either methods for quantifying the lifecycle analysis of buildings and materials, or on innovative circular building materials, but not much
The synthesis of two conformationally restricted Cr(III) salen complexes, 2 and 3, is described. Together, they constitute a supramolecular hydrogen-bonding catalytic system for the recently reported asymmetric ring-opening reactions of epoxides by a dynamic supramolecular catalyst. The synthesis involves state-of-the art transformations in frontline synthetic chemistry applied to heterocyclic che
Extracting information about emerging events in large study areas through spatiotemporal and textual analysis of geotagged tweets provides the possibility of monitoring the current state of a disaster. This study proposes dynamic spatio-temporal tweet mining as a method for dynamic event extraction from geotagged tweets in large study areas. It introduces the use of a modified version of ordering
