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Mechanical force is generated within skeletal muscle cells by contraction of specialized myofibrillar proteins. This paper explores how the contractile force generated at the sarcomeres within an individual muscle fiber is transferred through the connective tissue to move the bones. The initial key point for transfer of the contractile force is the muscle cell membrane (sarcolemma) where force is

Världens skogar lagrar stora mängder kol både som levande biomassa och i marken. Skogarnas förmåga att motverka klimatförändring genom att fungera som kolsänkor har erkänts inom global klimatpolitik, till exempel Parisavtalet från 2015 vilket uppmanar länder att minska sina utsläpp av växthusgaser. Sverige är ett av flera länder med ambitiösa målsättningar och har lovat att inte ha några nettoutslGlobal forests store large amounts of carbon both in living biomass and in the soil. The ability of forests to counteract climate change by acting as carbon sinks have been recognized in global climate politics, such as the 2015 Paris agreement which calls for national commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sweden is one of many countries who have pledged ambitious climate goals, promisin

The COVID-19 pandemic may have severe impact on mental health, and concerns have been raised about potentially increased online behavior and possibly increased gambling problems, such as in sports bettors at risk of transfer to even riskier forms of gambling during sports lock-down. Given the need for objective data about gambling behavior during the pandemic, the present analysis, from a project

In this paper we study the Lilang Super Group in the Spiti area, Indian Himalaya to understand environmental changes in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. We focus on the Mikin and Kaga Formations, which span the Induan to Ladinian stages of the Lower and Middle Triassic. These strata formed on the southern mid-palaeolatitude margin of East Gondwana and are interpreted as condensed,

Background: Concerns have been raised about increased gambling problems during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis, particularly in settings with high online gambling and risks of migration from land-based to riskier online-based gambling types. However, few non-self-reported data sources are hitherto available. The present study aimed to assess changes in the online- and land-based gambling

CD59 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC). We showed previously that CD59 is highly expressed in pancreatic islets but is down-regulated in rodent models of diabetes. CD59 knockdown but not enzymatic removal of cell surface CD59 led to a loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), suggesting that an intrace

The effect of fuel ethanol content (10, 85 and 100 %) on primary emissions and on subsequent secondary aerosol formation was investigated for a Euro 5 flex-fuel gasoline vehicle. Emissions were characterized during a New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) using a comprehensive setup of high time-resolution instruments. A detailed chemical composition of the exhaust particulate matter (PM) was studied u

Satellite remote sensing of plant phenology provides an important indicator of climate change. However, start of the growing season (SOS) estimates in Northern Hemisphere boreal forest areas are known to be challenged by the presence of seasonal snow cover and limited seasonality in the greenness signal for evergreen needleleaf forests, which can both bias and impede trend estimates of SOS. The ne

Granath A, Norrby-Teglund A, Uddman R, Cardell L-O. Reduced iNOS expression in adenoids from children with otitis media with effusion. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: 1151-1156. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Nitric oxide (NO) is a key mediator in the local immune response of human airways. Inducible NO-synthases (iNOS), and endothelial NO-synthases (eNOS) are two enzymes known to regulate its

Histological evaluation of tissue-engineered products, including hydrogels for cellular encapsulation, is a critical and invaluable tool for assessing the product across multiple stages of its lifecycle from manufacture to implantation. However, many tissue-engineered products are comprised of polymers and hydrogels which are not optimized for use with conventional methods of tissue fixation and h

The subject of this thesis is what I call a literary friction in the dramatic. In my research project, my aim has been to deepen the understanding of this friction and to make it productive in transforming my own dramatic writing. This has resulted in two dramatic works, which are presented in the thesis. I distinguish two different qualities in my writing – the dramatic and the literary – that

Using electronic health records data and machine learning to guide future decisions needs to address challenges, including 1) long/short-term dependencies and 2) interactions between diseases and interventions. Bidirectional transformers have effectively addressed the first challenge. Here we tackled the latter challenge by masking one source (e.g., ICD10 codes) and training the transformer to pre

The hippocampus is a primary region affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because AD postmortem brain tissue is not available prior to symptomatic stage, we lack understanding of early cellular pathogenic mechanisms. To address this issue, we examined the cellular origin and progression of AD pathogenesis by comparing patient-based model systems including iPSC-derived brain cells transplanted into

This study reports on the effects of conformationally controlled amphiphilicity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on their ability to coat TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and boost the photocatalytic antimicrobial effects of such NPs. For this, TiO2 NPs were combined with AMP EFK17 (EFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLV), displaying a disordered conformation in aqueous solution but helix formation on interaction with bacteri

The family of methodologies and approaches used and developed by the systemic design community has several characteristics that could play a vital role in supporting collective visioning and concerted action for sustainability transitions. It offers heuristics for bridging scales and domains, and tools for constructing spaces of joint reflection, visioning and decision-making. These methodologies

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation following traumatic knee injury often focuses primarily on physical aspects. Lack of knowledge of psychological factors and appropriate strategies may be a barrier to meeting treatment recommendations to address these factors.PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether, and to what extent, Scandinavian physical therapists address psychological factors in tr