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In this chapter, a detailed review of the current understanding of the physical processes of droplet breakup in a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) is presented, covering breakup mechanisms by laminar shear in the gap inlet and its boundary layers, by local turbulence in the gap exit jet, and by cavitation. Experimental evidence of the effects of homogenization pressure, Thoma number, dispersed and
Anthropogenic land use and land cover changes (LULCC) have a large impact on the global terrestrial carbon sink, but this effect is not well characterized according to biogeographical region. Here, using state-of-the-art Earth observation data and a dynamic global vegetation model, we estimate the impact of LULCC on the contribution of biomes to the terrestrial carbon sink between 1992 and 2015. T
(“Dissolved organic carbon leaching flux in a mixed agriculture and forest watershed in Rwanda” [1]). This article presents data of leached dissolved organic carbon (LDOC), stream water dissolved organic carbon), rainfall amount (Ra), rainfall intensity (Ri), rainfall soil storage (S), runoff (Q), and soil properties such as total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity
Fishing access agreements with developing countries have been widely criticized, for example for contributing to overexploiting fish resources and threatening food security. However, there is littlequantitative evidence of their economic effects. We investigate how European Union (EU) fishing access agreements affect African partner countries’ fishery exports to OECD countries. We find that:• Fish
Carbon storage dynamics in vegetation and soil are determined by the balance of carbon influx and turnover. Estimates of these opposing fluxes differ markedly among different empirical datasets and models leading to uncertainty and divergent trends. To trace the origin of such discrepancies through time and across major biomes and climatic regions, we used a model-data fusion framework. The framew
Lung transplantation is currently the only option for patients with end-stage respiratory diseases, but owing to various complications and adverse effects of the treatment in combination with the increasing demand for and limited access to donor organs, new strategies are needed. Recent advances in materials science, culture techniques, cell-phenotyping and isolation techniques, bioreactor enginee
Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from trees subjected to biotic stress are higher compared to healthy trees, and they may also have a different compound composition. This in turn affects atmospheric chemistry and can lead to either positive or negative feedback to the climate. Climate change favors the abundance of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) which attacks
It is predicted that continentality, a climate parameter representative of a region’s annual temperature and precipitation range, will undergo significant changes in the future. The lack of past continentality reconstructions makes it impossible to decipher any long-term patterns of continentality changes. Here, we investigate the extent to which continentality influences modern chironomid assembl
Soil management is a crucial aspect of sustainable agriculture, and traditional knowledge has played a pivotal role in shaping practices that maintain soil health over time. This study examines the significance of traditional soil management techniques used in Uttar Pradesh, India, and assesses their effectiveness in addressing modern agricultural challenges. The primary objective of this analysis
Utilizing passive floodwater harvesting for artificial recharge and spate irrigation in arid and semiarid areas is an opportunity to use marginal water to improve the livelihood of rural community. In the present study, ground- water modeling to estimate recharge, and field experiments for spate irrigation of barley, were carried out to investigate the performance and potential of water harvesting
Listening in public diplomacy is a rather new topic in academic discussions. Early public diplomacy scholarship was dominated, and in large degree continues to be dominated, by a focus on crafting messages and influencing. The more recent focus on relationship management and collaborative public diplomacy allowed for discussions about another role for listening. Yet, as some scholars pointed out,
Background: Apnea of prematurity is a common problem in preterm infants that may have significant consequences on their development. Methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine) are effective in the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Doxapram is used as a respiratory stimulant in cases refractory to the methylxanthine treatment. Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and harms of doxa
Monitoring agricultural land with optical remote sensing offers a valuable tool for estimating crop yield and supporting decision-making for food security. Cropland phenology indicators, such as the start of season (SOS), the end of season (EOS), and the number of growing seasons per year, provide essential information for land managers. While established toolboxes like TIMESAT have been extractin
Popular Abstract in Swedish Global uppvärmning, säkerhetspolitik och framtida minskad tillgång på fossila bränslen har de senaste åren skyndat på sökandet efter nya, förnyelse-bara drivmedel. Användningen av bioetanol har ökat avsevärt och är idag ett av de vanligaste biobränslena i världen. Idag framställs bioetanol vanligen genom jäsning av socker från socker-rör eller från stärkelse (från tillFuel ethanol from lignocellulose is one sustainable alternative to the fossil fuels of today. All sugars in the material must be utilized in order to achieve high overall ethanol yields. Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been engineered to ferment the pentose sugar xylose from lignocellulose to ethanol. However, ethanol production from xylose is slow and often incomplete. In this work s
The thesis aims to explore what influences the Danish consumers when choosing food distribution channels in 2020 and further to test if current theories of consumers’ channel choice can be applied in the year of 2020. The thesis takes on a qualitative approach with mathematical principles and employs the Delphi Method as the primary method to collect data. To conduct the empirical analysis a desk
