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Introduction: FLASH radiotherapy (RT) has emerged as a promising modality, demonstrating both a normal tissue sparing effect and anticancer efficacy. We have previously reported on the safety and efficacy of single fraction FLASH RT in the treatment of oral tumors in canine cancer patients, showing tumor response but also a risk of radiation-induced severe late adverse effects (osteoradionecrosis)
Background: Despite accumulating evidence of an association between air pollution and renal disease, studies on the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and renal function are still contradictory. This study aimed to investigate this association in a large population with relatively low exposure and with improved estimation of renal function as well as renal injury biomarkers. M
Background: Severe left-sided cardiac obstructions are associated with high morbidity and mortality if not detected in time. The correct prenatal diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is difficult. Fetal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) may improve the prenatal diagnosis of complex congenital heart defects. Flow measurements in the ascending aorta could aid in predicting postnatal Co
The first part of this study focuses on the effect of cone calorimeter test variables on polyurethane flexible foam properties such as ignitability, heat release rate, effective heat of combustion and mass loss. Three of the main commercial foam types were used, i.e. conventional slabstock foams, high‐resilience slabstock foams and all‐MDI (methylene diphenyldiisocyanate) moulded foams. A decrease
The first part of this study focused on the effect of cone calorimeter test variables on polyurethane flexible foam properties such as ignitability, heat release rate, effective heat of combustion and mass loss. Three of the main commercial foam types were used; viz. conventional slabstock foams, high resilience slabstock foams and all-MDI moulded foams. A decrease in heat flux (down to 40%) with
Bai Nuur (41 degrees 38.590'N, 114 degrees 30.922'E, similar to 1346 m a.s.l.) and Ulan Nuur (41 degrees 44.214'N, 115 degrees 05.630'E, similar to 1246 m a.s.l.) are two small lakes situated in the transition zone between semi-humid and semi-arid climate regimes that runs parallel to the present limit of the southeast monsoon along the southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau in north China. A 215 cm-
IMPORTANCE The introduction of biological tumor necrosis factor inhibitors has improved the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but at a substantial cost. These drugs have been shown to lead to superior radiological outcomes compared with a combination of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs over 2 years. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether radiological superiority translates into be
In this 24-month follow-up of a phase II study in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and bone metastases, radium-223 (4 injections of 50 kBq/kg every 4 weeks [n = 33]) improved median overall survival vs. matching placebo (n = 31) (65.3 vs. 46.4 weeks, respectively; log-rank P = .056), with no long-term safety concerns. Data suggest that treatment of bone disease with radium
Popular Abstract in Swedish Att klara sig trots allt: Den sociala och produktiva dynamiken hos småbönderna i de halvtorra områdena i Iringa i norra Tanzania. Det är inte lätt att överleva som småbonde i de halvtorra områdena i Iringa och på liknande platser i Afrika. Man kontrollerar knappast sin egen livssituation. Regnen är opålitliga, priser, marknadsföring och politiska ingrepp är oförutsägbaWhile much of semi-arid Africa is still sparsely populated with unused land, there are everywhere pockets of high and increasing population density in attractive locations. Small-scale farmers can respond to beginning land-scarcity in a number of ways. Through migration, through diversification of livelihoods, or through changes in their farming system. Which solution is chosen, depends not only o
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tillväxthormon (GH) insöndras stötvis från hypofysen. Insöndringen är som högst nattetid, och de högsta nivåerna ses under puberteten för att därefter avta succecivt med ökande ålder. En av de vanligaste orsakerna till brist på GH är godartade tumörer i hypofys och hypofysnära områden där även behandling med kirurgi och strålbehandling kan bidra till hypofysinsufficiensIn childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (GHD) a reduction in cardiac left ventricular mass (LVMi) and impairment of cardiac systolic function, as well as in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been shown. In study I, we showed that a low dose of GH treatment for 10 months resulted in increased LVMi and kidney size. No significant improvement in cardiac systolic function or GFR, except for a
AIMS: To determine the basal pharmacokinetics, lung uptake and plasma cortisol suppression for two commonly prescribed inhaled corticosteroids. METHODS: Twenty-one subjects (13 healthy and 8 mild asthmatic patients) received fluticasone propionate via a chlorofluorocarbon-propelled pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) (healthy subjects only) and Diskus and budesonide via Turbuhaler, 1000 microg
A double-blind, randomised, parallel group, multicentre, multinational study compared the effects of 12 months' treatment with lisinopril (10-20 mg once daily) or nifedipine retard tablets (20-40 mg twice daily) in 239 males (aged 18-75 years) and 96 post-menopausal females (aged 40-75 years). They all had a history of clinically stable type II diabetes > 3 months, microalbuminuria and early diabe
Popular Abstract in Swedish Radiojodbehandling av sköldkörteln är den vanligaste radiofarmakaterapin. För att beräkna aktiviteten 131I som krävs för att ge en viss stråldos till sköldkörteln behöver sköldkörtelns massa och den individuella biokinetiken bestämmas. Biokinetiken består vanligtvis av det individuella upptaget av jodid och den biologiska halveringstiden av jod i sköldkörteln. Den bioloRadioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is the most frequently performed radiopharmaceutical therapy. To calculate the activity of 131-I to be administered for giving a certain absorbed dose to the thyroid, the mass of the thyroid and the individual biokinetic data, normally in the form of uptake and biologic half-time, have to be determined. The biologic half-time is estimated from several uptake
Objectives To evaluate in a prospective, randomized clinical trial (RCT), symptom response among obese knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients following a feasible. intensive weight-loss program for 16 weeks Methods Eligible patients were obese [body mass index (BMI)> 30 kg/m(2)], >50 years old, with primary knee OA Participants were randomized to either a very-low-energy diet (VLED) or a low-energy die
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tillgången till rent vatten är avgörande för människans överlevnad, tillgång till vatten kan förbättra den allmänna hälsan och därmed också vår fortsatta existens på jorden. Naturkatastrofer eller mänsklig påverkan genom t.ex. industrin kan dock resultera i att vattenkällor, tidvis eller permanent, blir förorenade med miljögifter som hindrar människans konsumtion av renThe lack of safe, clean water is strongly linked to poverty, underdevelopment and poor health. Water is needed not only to sustain life, but to produce food and in industrial processes. Anthropogenic pollution and natural events can jeopardize access to safe water. Inorganic pollutants or toxic metal ions such as arsenic and cadmium are of special concern since these are persistent and accumulate
The evolution of phases over time during freezing and thawing of unconfined Na- and Ca-montmorillonites (Wyoming, MX-80) was studied with time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The clay samples were: (i) powder equilibrated to ambient atmosphere and (ii) pastes of 30 mass% montmorillonite in pure water. The phases were characterised in-situ using a stream of nitrogen gas for temperature cont
In “Weighing Lives” (2004) John Broome criticizes a view common to many population axiologists. This is the view that population increases with extra people leading decent lives are axiologically neutral: they make the world neither better nor worse, ceteris paribus. Broome argues that this intuition, however, attractive, cannot be sustained, for several independent reasons. I respond to his criti
PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and causes of visual impairment in children born prematurely in Finland from 1972 through 1989, and to determine what conditions and factors were associated with its occurrence. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: All visually impaired individuals from 0 to 17 years of age who had been born at fewer than 37 gestational weeks in Finland from
Background: Life skills-based approaches are broadly used in HIV prevention programmes world-wide. However, evaluations of such programmes have found mixed evidence for their effects on indicators of safer sexual behaviour. Methods: Questionnaires of 4,381 participants of the Star for Life (SFL) life skills-based prevention programme in South African schools were analysed using binary logistic reg
