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Context. Observations of the Galactic bulge suggest that the disk formed through secular evolution rather than gas dissipation and/or mergers, as previously believed. This would imply very similar chemistry in the disk and bulge. Some elements, such as the α-elements, are well studied in the bulge, but others like the neutron-capture elements are much less well explored. Stellar mass and metallici
Dispositionsprincipen är en av de grundläggande principerna inom den svenska civilprocessen. Principen stadgas i 17 kap. 3 § i den svenska rättegångsbalken där det framgår att domstolen inte får meddela dom över "annat eller mera än vad part i behörig ordning yrkat" samt att domstolen i dispositiva mål inte får ta hänsyn till omständigheter som inte åberopats av en part till grund för haThe principle of party disposition is a fundamental principle in Swedish civil procedure. The principle is stated in the 3rd paragraph of the 17th chapter in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure where it is stated that “judgment may not be given for something else or more than that properly demanded by a party” and that judgment, “[i]n cases amenable to out-of-court settlement […] may not be bas
Sammanfattning Den svenska processrätten styrs av flera centrala principer. Två av dessa är principen om jura novit curia och kontradiktionsprincipen. Jura novit curia styr domstolens rättstillämpning och innebär att rätten känner lagen. Den närmare innebörden av detta är att det är domstolen som bestämmer över både tolkning och tillämpning av civilrättsliga regler på en tvist. Parterna behöver såSummary The Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure rests upon several fundamental principles. Iura novit curia and the principle of an adversial procedure are two of these. Iura novit curia controls how the court applies rules and means that it is the judge, not the parties, that is responsible for the application of relevant legal rules in a case. The principle of an adversial procedure is part of
A modern automotive vehicle is a complex technical system, containing many electronic, mechanical, and software parts. Typically, a high-end vehicle contains 70 or more electronic control units (ECUs) on average. These are controlling a large number of distributed functions, of which many are safety-critical, and adding complexity, which is surpassing 100 million lines of code. Furthermore, the co
När rubriceringen arbetsmiljöbrott infördes i brottsbalken var det med det uttryckliga syftet att paragrafen skulle ha ett pedagogiskt syfte, att den skulle markera allvarligheten i brottet genom att särskilt peka ut arbetsmiljöansvarigas vidsträckta ansvar samt att säkerställa upprätthållande av risk- och skadeförebyggande verksamhet genom ett effektivt straffrättsligt sanktionssystem med sådan sWhen the work environment crime was introduced in the Swedish Penal Code, it was with the expressed pedagogical purpose that it would highlight the seriousness of the crime by specifically pointing out the work environment managers' extensive responsibility and ensuring maintenance of risk and injury prevention through an effective criminal sanction system with such sharpness that the importan
This study aimed to determine the optimal method for extracting rosmarinic acid (RA) from lemon balm using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). Additionally, the effect of filtration during sample preparation on the concentration of rosmarinic acid (RA) was investigated. Moreover, the RA content was compared in various lemon balm samples including: commercial dried lemon balm, commercial lemon bal
Den ökade användningen av läkemedel och otillräcklig teknik i reningsverken har lett till allt större halter av läkemedel och andra organiska mikroföroreningar (OMF) i naturliga vatten. Detta har i sin tur konstaterats påverka exempelvis fiskars beteende och fortplantningsförmåga. OMF har även detekterats i det svenska dricksvattnet. På grund av detta har en satsning skett de senaste åren inom forThe increased use of pharmaceuticals in combination with inadequate techniques and procedures in the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have resulted in higher concentrations of pharmaceuticals and other organic micro pollutants (OMPs) in the aquatic environment. It has been established that these pollutants have caused changes in the behaviour and reproduction of fishes. Furthermore, these OMPs
This thesis will explore the role of cryptocurrencies in a market index portfolio. The portfolios of a mix of Bitcoin, Ether and the market indices S&P 500, OMXS30 and VTI will be examined and optimized to maximize the Sharpe ratio. This process is done using the Markowitz Portfolio Theory for portfolios containing one market index and either one or both cryptocurrencies, numerically optimizin
Testamentet uppstod i Sverige på 1200-talet, som resultatet av kyrkligt inflytande. Testamentsrätten, som idag finns i ärvdabalken, har formats långsamt sedan dess. Först på 1930-talet fick testamentet sin nuvarande form i testamentslagen. Enligt gällande rätt utgörs ett ordinärt testamente av en skriftlig handling som undertecknats av testatorn och bevittnats av två vittnen. Vid nödfall eller sjuThe Swedish will first appeared in Sweden during the 13th century as a result of the church’s influence. The law of wills, a part of the Swedish inheritance code, is the result of an evolution extending from the 13th century into the 1930’s when the will was given its current form prescribed by law. An ordinary will requries a written document, signed by the testator and witnessed by two wittnesse
Detta arbete handlar om de fall då en målsägande för talan om enskilt anspråk efter att ha utsatts för ett brott. Mer specifikt handlar arbetet om när anspråket handläggs tillsammans med ansvarstalan och vilka bevisregler målsäganden kan förväntas behöva förhålla sig till - de som tillämpas i tvistemål eller de som tillämpas inom straffrätten. Uppsatsen tar särskilt sikte på frågor om beviskrav ocThe subject of this essay is court cases where a plaintiff's claim for compensation is based on the fact that the person concerned has been a victim of a crime. More specifically, this essay concerns the plaintiff’s possibility to make the individual claim simultaneously with the prosecutor’s claim for criminal liability. The inquiry focuses on evidence and whether the principles applicable in
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Examensarbetet har gått ut på att med hjälp av satellitbilder göra markanvändningsdata för att förbättra en modell som beräknar vart de luftburna föroreningarna tar vägen. Föroreningarna svavel och kväve deponeras med olika hastighet över olika marktyper, därför vill man använda sig av markanvändningsdata i modellerna. Svavelutsläppen har ökat dramatiskt under Sulphur emissions during the last century has led to major acidification of the environment. The acidity of soil and water is a threat to health and economic interests of man, e.g. the food and paper/wood production in the agricultural and silvicultural industries. The Black Triangle region suffers from severe damage caused by acidification and actions to decrease the acid rain over fields and for
Laglotten regleras i ärvdabalken (1958:637) 7 kap. 1 § och fungerar som ett arvsrättsligt skydd till förmån för bröstarvingar. Skyddet aktualiseras i de fall då en avliden valt att testamentera bort all kvarlåtenskap. Bröstarvingar har i dessa fall en lagstadgad rätt till hälften av den dödes arvslott. Laglottsregleringen infördes år 1857, men har som institut funnits betydligt längre inom svensThe statutory share of inheritance is regulated by the inheritance code (1958:637) 7 chap. 1 § and work as a protection for the forced heir to secure its right for inheritance. The protection is activated in those cases where a deceased person has chosen to not give any of the properties left to a forced heir. In these cases, the statutory share of inheritance gives the forced heir the right to a
Straffansvaret för försök utgör en central del av svensk straffrätt. Enligt 23 kap. 1 § brottsbalken har ansvar för försök traditionellt förutsatt att gärningen inneburit fara för brottets fullbordan eller att sådan fara endast varit utesluten på grund av tillfälliga omständigheter. Genom Högsta domstolens avgörande NJA 2023 s. 393, ”Vapenattrappen”, aktualiserades frågan hur bestämmelsen ska tillCriminal liability for attempts constitutes a central part of Swedish criminal law. According to Chapter 23, Section 1 of the Swedish Penal Code,liability for attempts has traditionally required that the act entailed a danger of the offence being completed, or that such danger was excluded only due to temporary circumstances. Through the Supreme Court’s decision in NJA 2023 p. 393 “The Weapon Repl
Wastewater is an excellent source of nutrients and energy. By treating the wastewater in a clever way, it is possible to both recycle nutrients and recover energy, and thereby create opportunities for a sustainable system. In conventional wastewater treatment where the activated sludge process is used, aeration is needed and a lot of biomass is produced. In regions with warmer climate, or if low-v
Background: Women who deliver pre-term have been reported to have increased future risks of cardiometabolic disorders. However, their long-term risks of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and whether such risks are due to shared familial factors are unclear. A better understanding of these risks may help improve long-term clinical follow-up and interventions to prevent IHD in women. Objectives: The purp
Interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) is an attractive form of local therapy against cancer because of its anti-tumor immune activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate ILT in breast cancer with respect to technique, changes in tissue immunocompetent cells and effect on prognosis. The method is dependent on accurate assessment of the tumor, and another aim was therefore to evaluate if MRI is b
WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Previous comparisons between open and endovascular repair of popliteal aneurysms have focused on asymptomatic patients, and have short follow up. This study is strengthened by the fact that it is contemporary, population based, without any selection bias, reporting on all kinds of presentations, and has approximately 90% 1 year follow up data. It shows that endovascular repair
BACKGROUND: Job strain, defined as high job demands and low job control, has not previously been explored as a possible determinant of male fertility. We collected prospective data on job strain among men, and describe the associations with semen quality and probability of conceiving a clinical pregnancy during a menstrual cycle. METHODS: Danish couples (N = 399) who were trying to become pregnant
Background: A number of the deeper divergences in the placental mammal tree are still inconclusively resolved despite extensive phylogenomic analyses. A recent analysis of 200 kbp of protein coding sequences yielded only limited support for the relationships among Laurasiatheria (cow, dog, bat and shrew), probably because the divergences occurred only within a few million years from each other. It
