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Popular Abstract in Swedish Kroniskt Obstruktiv Lungsjukdom (KOL) är idag världens fjärde vanligaste dödsorsak vars dödlighetsfrekvens ökar. KOL är en lungsjukdom som nästan alltid beror på rökning och i hela världen är cirka 600 miljoner människor drabbade av sjukdomen. Detta gör KOL till världens vanligaste kroniska sjukdom. I Sverige beräknas sjukvårdskostnaderna för KOL att uppgå till ca 9,1 mProteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from smokers at risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and never smokers is described. COPD is currently the world's fourth leading cause of death and its prevalence is increasing. The leading cause of COPD is smoking and an estimated 600 million people in the world suffer from COPD which makes it the world's most co

When literature, conflict and memory are linkaged one to another. This is the main intention that this article brings about into the centre of discussion. Written in a form of personal reflection, then followed by a deeper discussion on the main topic, I address the notion of so-called constructed memory in the context of understanding the Indonesian literature as the impact of the 1965 conflict o

This work investigates the performance potential of an engine running with partially premixed combustion (PPC) using commercial diesel engine hardware. The engine was a 2.01 SAAB (GM) VGT turbocharged diesel engine and three different fuels were run - RON 70 gasoline, RON 95 Gasoline and MK1 diesel. With the standard hardware an operating range for PPC from idle at 1000 rpm up to a peak load of 10

The aim of this study was to investigate potential dose reductions to the heart, left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and ipsilateral lung for left-sided breast cancer using visually guided deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) with the optical surface scanning system Catalyst™, and how these potential dosimetric benefits are affected by intrafractional motion in between breath holds. For

Background/Aims: Prospective data on age-related changes in kidney function are required, especially since the current Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition has been suggested to classify a large number of elderly people with CKD. Objective: This study, a complement to our previous Cr-based study in the same cohort, is aimed at evaluating cystatin C (cysC)-based changes in ki

This dissertation is a study in empirical macroeconomic history. The first two papers concern themselves with the functional distribution of income. The third paper is an examination of global real interest rates, and the final paper examines city growth in Sweden over the last two hundred years. While this thesis is not about secular stagnation per se, every articles is related in one way or the

Background: To understand user needs, system requirements and organizational conditions towards successful design and adoption of Clinical Decision Support Systems for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) care built on top of computerized risk models. Methods: The holistic and evidence-based CEHRES Roadmap, used to create eHealth solutions through participatory development approach, persuasive design techniques

Introduction The aim of this study was to describe the complications of ureteroscopy (URS) and to investigate whether performing URS outside normal working hours leads to increased risk for clinically significant complications. Material and methods A cohort of 486 consecutive patients treated with URS, with a total of 567 sessions between 2009 and 2015 at Helsingborg/Ängelholm Hospital, Sweden, wa

We studied to what extent dietary fiber may affect uptake, retention, and excretion of a food carcinogen (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, MeIQx) occurring in fried meat. Four diets--one fiber-free control and three containing either insoluble dietary fiber isolated from sorghum (100 g/kg) and wheat bran (100 g/kg) or the highly soluble pectin (50 g/kg)--were investigated. The fiber

BackgroundThe forest biorefinery plays an important part in the evolving circular bioeconomy due to its capacity to produce a portfolio of bio-based and sustainable fuels, chemicals, and materials. To tap into its true potential, more efficient and environmentally benign methods are needed to fractionate woody biomass into its main components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) without reducing

Levulinic acid derived from lignocellulose is an important biobased building block chemical. Here, we report on the synthesis and polymerization of a rigid spirocyclic diester monomer to produce polyesters and copolyesters. The monomer was prepared via a one-step acid catalyzed ketalization involving ethyl levulinate and pentaerythritol by employing a straightforward, solvent-free, and readily sca

Increasing human impact on the environment is causing drastic changes in disturbance regimes and how they prevail over time. Of increasing relevance is to further our understanding on biological responses to pulse disturbances (short duration) and how they interact with other ongoing press disturbances (constantly present). Because the temporal and spatial contexts of single experiments often limi

Simultaneous overexpression of c-erbB-2 and p53 has been reported to be prognostically unfavorable in breast cancer. Herein, we show that concurrent overexpression of these 2 proteins is associated with a marked reduction in the relative fraction of cells in G(1) phase of the cell cycle, indicating an accelerated cell cycle progression. Using an immunohistochemical approach, we examined 261 cases

Aims: Evaluation of angiogenesis by intratumoral vessel profiles can be performed by different methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of estimates obtained by the intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) method and then to compare with corresponding estimates obtained by the Chalkley method. Methods and Results: A total of 330 patients treated for primary, unilateral,

The revelation of protein-protein interactions is one of the main preoccupations in the field of proteomics. Nanoplasmonics has emerged as an attractive surface-based technique because of its ability to sense protein binding under physiological conditions in a label-free manner. Here, we use short-range ordered holes with a diameter of approximately 150 nm and a depth of approximately 50 nm as a n

The loading of macroelements such as, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), totalnitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) from terrestrial soils to aquatic systems isincreasing in the northern hemisphere. This phenomenon has several ecologicaland biogeochemical consequences for inland and coastal water systems, which arelinked to bacterial cycling of DOC, N and P. During growth, bacteria assimilatemacroeleThe loading of terrestrially derived macroelements, such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (N), and total phosphorus (P), to inland and estuarine waters is increasing in the northern hemisphere. Thesemacroelements often limit heterotrophic bacterioplankton metabolism (production and respiration), which in turn influence food web structures, exchange of greenhouse gases between the

Autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis and arthritis, show a patchy distribution of inflammation despite systemic dysregulation of adaptive immunity. Thus, additional tissue-derived signals, such as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are indispensable for manifestation of local inflammation. S100A8/S100A9 complexes are the most abundant DAMPs in many autoimmune diseases. However, regula

Terrestrial carbon cycle models have incorporated increasingly more processes as a means to achieve more-realistic representations of ecosystem carbon cycling. Despite this, there are large across-model variations in the simulation and projection of carbon cycling. Several model intercomparison projects (MIPs), for example, the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) (hist

Enzalutamide significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) among men with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer at the prespecified interim analysis of PREVAIL, a phase 3, double-blind, randomized study. We evaluated the longer-term efficacy and safety of enzalutamide up to the prespecified number of deaths in the final

Objectives: The aims of this study were to quantify salivary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and to assess if presence of dental composite fillings is associated with higher BPA levels in saliva. Materials and methods: Twenty individuals with six or more tooth surfaces filled with polymer-based dental materials (composite group) and 20 individuals without any polymer-based materials (control g