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Proactive identification of chemicals with skin sensitizing properties is a key toxicological endpoint within chemical safety assessment, as required by legislation for registration of chemicals. In order to meet demands of increased animal welfare and facilitate increased testing efficiency also in nonregulatory settings, considerable efforts have been made to develop nonanimal approaches to repl
Powertrain efficiency is a critical factor in lowering fuel consumption and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases for an internal combustion engine. One method to increase the powertrain efficiency is to recover some of the wasted heat from the engine using a waste heat recovery system e.g. an organic Rankine cycle. Most waste heat recovery systems in use today for combustion engines use the w
This thesis explored the application of pre-trained transformer models in detecting suicidal ideation in social media posts. We leveraged social media data from platforms like Reddit and Twitter and applied a robust hyperparameter random search strategy to fine-tune and evaluate existing transformer models. Despite noise in the fine-tuning data, the models demonstrated high performance in identify
This thesis addresses the problem of horizontal incoherence between the first and second pillar of the European Union in its external relations. Horizontal coherence is an important concept for the European Union's legitimacy and strength. Internally, coherence is essential for the Union's democratic legitimacy, as democratic influx comes from the Council. Externally, to the extent incoher
Shared e-scooters are sometimes presented as a sustainable mobility option, but their environmental impact depends on their utilization. When utilization is low, idle e-scooters increase operational costs and decrease overall energy efficiency. This thesis explores whether neighborhood-level built environment and socio-demographic characteristics influence the usage efficiency of shared e-scooters
This master thesis investigates the legal foundations for training of artificial intelligence (AI) models using personal data, with an emphasis on compliance with the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The core issue addressed is the lack of clear legal basis for AI training processes that involve the collection and use of personal data (gathered directly or indirectly thr
Cardiovascular (CVD) is one of the most common causes of mortality. Apart from known causal risk factors such as smoking, obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, chronic psychological stress has been suggested as a possible independent risk marker, also because the CVD burden follows a social gradient. Another self-reported variable is self-rated health (SRH) which in many studies has ben shown t
Board gaming has to a large degree, been studied based on historical sources. Ironically, this is true even for prehistoric games, where the Icelandic sagas have been used as a starting point for a deductive hunt for the mysterious game Hnefatafl. Later studies of gaming have to a large extent been transferring older research results. According to the author, this has created a rather skewed pictu
Since the European Union’s inception, creating a well functioning, competitive and integrated market has been at the heart of the Unions project. The four freedoms, free movement of persons, goods, services and capital, which led to the opening of the boarders, have been one of the main forces behind growth in Europe. Today, Europe has become the world’s biggest economy and the Single Market is it
In this article I shed light on the phenomenon of Chinese young people’s conversion to Christianity and argue that it is often closely tied to a utopian longing for what is missing in their lives (Bloch 1907). Through a person-centered account of two young people, I explore their quests to escape the temporal predicament of endless striving 'fuzao' and search for a better life based autotelic valu
Persistent physical symptoms (PPS) are common, disabling, and associated with high health care use, yet effective and scalable psychological treatments remain limited. Internet-administrated self-help programs may improve access to care. Asynchronous Internet-administered Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy (I-EAET) with therapist guidance has been shown to reduce somatic symptoms in PPS, b
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the two most common rheumatic diseases worldwide, causing pain and disability. Both conditions are highly heterogeneous, and their onset occurs insidiously with non-specific symptoms, so they are not always distinguishable from other arthritis during the initial stages. This makes early diagnosis difficult and resource-demanding in clinical env
Problem: Inter Agency Procurement Services Office (IAPSO) is an office within United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) that handles procurement for governments, non-governmental organizations (NGO's), United Nations agencies, international finance institutions etc. Annually all UNDP offices and organizations are measured for performance and customer satisfaction in a quantitative Bureau of
I en allt mer krympande värld, måste organisationer lära sig att snabbt reagera på marknadsförändringar. Medan organisationer blir bättre på att införa nya affärsprocesser, kvarstår problemet med en tungrodd och svårföränderlig IT–miljö. Det hela görs inte bättre av att organisationer blir mer och mer beroende av sin IT–infrastruktur. Det hela blir en paradox, då det som organisationerna är mest b
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how the ongoing controversy surrounding the Internet, the phenomena of digitalization and file sharing will affect the music industry in the form of the “big five“ labels. Furthermore the thesis aims to present a recipe of strategies for the companies’ survival by studying their situation through a theoretical perspective in conjunction with a comparative a
This thesis investigates how low-frequency ultrasound can enhance membrane filtration performance and reduce fouling, one of the most critical limitations of membranes in water treatment technologies. Two types of membranes were studied. Flat-sheet polyethersulfone (PES) membranes, widely used for their mechanical and chemical stability, and electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) made from styrene
The European Union’s sustainability reporting framework, which includes the CSRD and the CSDDD, is widely regarded as a logical progression toward achieving the 2050 climate goals. The EU has faced criticism regarding the sustainability reporting directives, primarily due to concerns over the EU’s global competitiveness and the readiness of undertakings to comply. Consequently, there have been inc
