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A series of poly(arylene piperidinium)s (PAPipQs) devoid of any alkali-sensitive aryl ether bonds or benzylic sites are prepared and studied as anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for alkaline fuel cells. First, the excellent alkaline stability of the model compound 4,4-diarylpiperidinium is confirmed. Medium molecular weight poly(arylene piperidine)s are then synthesized in polycondensations of N-met

This overview examines available circum-Antarctic glacial history archives on land, related to developments after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It considers the glacial-stratigraphic and morphologic records and also biostratigraphical information from moss banks, lake sediments and penguin rookeries, with some reference to relevant glacial marine records. It is concluded that Holocene environmen

Methods have been studied for the production of chiral alcohols, which are of importance in organic synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agro-chemicals and fragrances, etc., through the enzymatic or microbial reduction of ketones. Classical reaction engineering was combined with genetic engineering to improve the production of chiral alcohols and kinetic resolution of racemic ketones with high enantiomer

INTRODUCTION: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare malignant cutaneous neoplasm that is locally invasive and frequently metastasizes to lymph nodes, liver, lungs, bone and brain. The incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma has increased in the past three decades.CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old Caucasian man presented with a sudden onset of severe headache and a three-month history of balance disturbance. M

The effect of plant species diversity on productivity and competitive ability was studied in an experiment carried out simultaneously in five European countries: Czech Republic (CZ), the Netherlands (NL), Sweden (SE), Spain (SP), and United Kingdom (UK). The aim was to separate the 'chance' or 'sampling effect' (increasing the number of sown species increases the probability that a species able 't

1 Plant species differ in their capacity to influence soil organic matter, soil nutrient availability and the composition of soil microbial communities. Their influences on soil properties result in net positive or negative feedback effects, which influence plant performance and plant community composition. 2 For two grassland systems, one on a sandy soil in the Netherlands and one on a chalk soi

There are many projects in Mozambique for poverty reduction. One of these projects is funded by Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) and is aimed to install a total of 600 rural water points in the province of Nampula and Cabo Delgado in crystalline rock zone. Each water point consists of a drilled well, a water pump and a communal washing basin. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was used for asses

Nodules in the thyroid are frequent. Preoperative investigations including fine-needle cytology and ultrasound cannot in all patients rule out malignancy. Thus, surgical excision for histopathologic examination is often needed. In this narrative review, we examine aspects of the surgical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules, using a comprehensive review of the available literature. The auth

When assessing the moisture damage risks of different external wall designs using hygrothermal simulation software, the user of said software can choose between different inputs for the determination of the indoor climate. This paper aims to compare results from field measurements in three Swedish buildings using different standards available in a widely used commercial hygrothermal simulation sof

There are many projects in Mozambique for poverty reduction. One of these projects is funded by Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) and is aimed to install a total of 600 rural water points in the province of Nampula and Cabo Delgado in crystalline rock zone. Each water point consists of a drilled well, a water pump and a communal washing basin. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was used for asse

Popular Abstract in Swedish Varje år insjuknar mer än 8000 kvinnor i Sverige i bröstcancer, och 5 år efter diagnos är nära 90% fortfarande i livet. Trots att prognosen för majoriteten av patienterna är god, dör 1400 kvinnor årligen av bröstcancer. Till följd av detta pågår mycket forskningsarbete för att finna faktorer som bättre kan förutsäga prognos, prognostiska studier, men även för att finna Breast cancer is the most common tumour form and the second leading cause of death in solid tumours in women in the Western world. Despite improvements in the treatment, a considerable number of patients will relapse and die from their breast cancer. At the same time, a substantial number of patients will be over-treated, as they would have been cured by surgery and radiotherapy alone. In the meta

Bio-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) serves as an important platform for several chemicals, among which 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has attracted considerable interest as a monomer for the production of polyethylene furanoate (PEF), a potential alternative for fossil-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This study is based on the HMF oxidizing activity shown by Mycobacterium sp. MS 16

Uppreningsprocessen av monoklonala antikroppar (mAbs) är dyr, speciellt det kromatografisteg där antikropparna separeras från andra protein och celler i lösningen från tidigare steg i processen. Antikropparna separeras från lösningen med hjälp av affinitetskromatografi, där det endast är antikropparna som interagerar med innehåller i kolonnen och stannar kvar, medan resten passerar obehindrat. AntThe purification process of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for therapeutic drugs is expensive, especially the chromatography step in which the mAbs are separated from other proteins and cells present in the feed. The antibodies are separated from the feed using affinity chromatography, where only the antibodies interact with active sites within the column, whereas the rest passes through the column

Outcrops of the Ordovician System in South Africa are extensive; they cover significant portions of the Northern, Western and Eastern Cape provinces as part of the Cape Fold Belt as well as the KwaZulu-Natal Province as supracrustal cover overlying the Natal sector of the Paleoproterozoic Namaqua-Natal metamorphic province. Within the Cape Fold Belt, Ordovician rocks of the Table Mountain Group (P

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) contributes to tissue involution, degenerative diseases, and cancer therapy. Its investigation has, however, been hindered by the lack of sensitive methods. Here, we characterize and validate the detection of galectin puncta at leaky lysosomes as a highly sensitive and easily manageable assay for LMP. LGALS1/galectin-1 and LGALS3/ galectin-3 are best suite

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bukspottkörteln, pancreas, är ett viktigt organ för ämnesomsättningen. Dess viktigaste funktioner är att tillverka enzymer och bikarbonat som utsöndras till tolvfingertarmen, duodenum samt hormoner som utsöndras till blodbanan. De viktigaste enzymerna är amylas som bryter ned olika sockerarter och stärkelse, lipas som bryter ned fett och trypsin som bryter ned proteinerThe pancreas is a central organ in the digestion of food as well as in glucose metabolism. Its two major functions are exocrine and endocrine secretion. These are meticulously regulated processes that depend on hormonal response to gastrointestinal contents and blood glucose levels through feedback mechanisms, but also to the status of pancreas in health and diseases. The present thesis aimed at f

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos västerländska kvinnor. I Sverige kommer var tionde kvinna att drabbas av bröstcancer, vilket motsvarar drygt 5000 kvinnor om året. Dödligheten i bröstcancer är 30%. Detta innebär att en tredjedel av de som drabbas kommer att dö av sin sjukdom. Det är dock inte själva tumören i bröstet som dödar eftersom denna i princip alltBreast cancer is one of the most common cancer forms in the industrialized world. Only in Sweden, nearly 6000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year and 1/3 of them eventually succumb to the disease. Wnts are a family of genes that have been implicated in many human tumours, so far mainly studied in colorectal cancer where activated Wnt signalling occurs in a vast majority of tumours. Wh

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi kommer dagligen i kontakt med läkemedel i olika former, antingen som den kräm som vi smörjer in vårt onda knä eller Treon somliga tar på söndagsmorgon. Många av dessa produkter kan se enkla ut men är ofta resultatet av mycket forskning och för att förstå hur arbetet som utgör den här avhandlingen är kopplat till en Treo, så tänkte jag att vi ska börja med att förklarAn important issue within the pharmaceutical world today is the increasing number of poorly soluble drugs. These often show a low bioavailability and a susceptibility to varying conditions in the intestine. Hydrophobically modified poly (acrylic acid) (HMPAA), commercially available as Pemulen TR2, has shown promising abilities to control the release of especially poorly soluble substances. In thi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Elakartade (maligna) blodsjukdomar uppstår i den blodbildande benmärgen, vilken är innesluten i hålrummen i de skelettdelar som kan sägas täckas av en badmössa och en gammaldags baddräkt. En av de celltyper som bildas i benmärgen är plasmacellen, en vit blodkropp som utgör mindre än 2% av benmärgscellerna och som tillverkar specifika antikroppar vid infektioner. Vid monAcquired genetic changes have proved to be of diagnostic and prognostic importance in different hematologic malignancies as well as in some solid tumor types. However, although multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable disease, and its proceeding stage monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are quite common, little is known about the karyotypic features of these plasma cell dyscrasias