Sökresultat

This paper examines the impact of climate variability on inter-municipal household migration in the Guatemalan Dry Corridor (GDC) between 2013 and 2018. Monthly georeferenced precipitation and temperature data are used to build a climate shock variable that captures prolonged exposure to droughts and heatwaves at the municipality level. The data is used to understand if the occurrence of a shock a

We investigate stability issues for steady states of the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system numerically in Schwarzschild, maximal areal, and Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. Across all coordinate systems we confirm the conjecture that the first binding energy maximum along a one-parameter family of steady states signals the onset of instability. Beyond this maximum perturbed solutions

Entropy production is a key concept of thermodynamics and allows one to analyze the operation of engines. For the Scovil-Schulz-DuBois heat engine, the archetypal three-level thermal maser coupled to thermal baths, it was argued that the common definition of heat flow may provide negative entropy production for certain parameters [Boukobza and Tannor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 240601 (2007)PRLTAO0031-9

Computational social sciences (CSS) refer to computer-enabled investigations of human behaviour and social interaction. They include three main components - (i) computational modelling and social simulation, (ii) the analysis of digital traces of online interactions, (iii) virtual labs and online experiments - and allow researchers to perform studies that were even hard to imagine a few decades ag

The matched window reassigned spectrogram relocates all signal energy of an oscillating transient to the time- and frequency locations, resulting in a sharp peak in the time-frequency plane. However, previous research has shown that the method may result in split energy peaks for close components and in high noise levels, and the peak energy is then erroneously estimated. With use of novel knowled

Sweden is often seen as a frontrunner when it comes to sustainability. For example, it has the highest share of renewable energy in the EU and is known for its thorough recycling and waste separation. Sweden is sparsely populated and 70% of its land area is covered by forests. Over the last century, the volume of yearly timber harvests has doubled, but despite this remarkable productivity increase

Cancer results from a sequence of genetic and epigenetic changes that lead to a variety of abnormal phenotypes including increased proliferation and survival of somatic cells and thus to a selective advantage of precancerous cells. The notion of cancer progression as an evolutionary process has been attracting increasing interest in recent years. A great deal of effort has been made to better unde

While traditional forms of urban planning are oriented towards the future, the recent turn towards experimental and challenge-led urban developments is characterized by an overarching presentism. We explore in this article how an experimental approach to urban planning can consider the long-term through setting-up ‘conversations with a future situation.’ In doing so, we draw on a unique experiment

Decision and Value of Information analyses can be highly computational demanding due to the exponential growth of the decision tree in dependency of the state and decision variables. Due to the advancement of computational methods in the last decades, decision problems with moderate complexity maybe solved by a software tool whereas highly complex analyses require tailored approaches, algorithms a

Public procurement accounts for a very large share of most economies worldwide. This conceptual article argues that the key to achieving more innovations when pursuing public procurement is to describe problems to be solved or functions to be fulfilled (functional procurement) instead of describing the products to be bought (product procurement). Contracting authorities need to identify the proble

Almost 10 years have passed since microtektites and microkrystites were reported for the Paleocene–Eocene (P–E) boundary in drill cores and outcrop in New Jersey and in ODP Hole 1051B in the western North Atlantic. The glassy spherules were interpreted to reflect an impact trigger for the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Since then, many detailed studies of sediment strata across the P–E b

This paper advances scholarship on deliberate destabilisation for sustainability transitions. To understand how deliberate destabilisation plays out in practice, the politics of such processes must be confronted. To this end, we bridge research on the political economy of sustainability transitions with recent theorisations of the deliberate destabilisation of unsustainable socio-technical regimes

Multi-gigawatt-scale hydrogen production by water electrolysis is central in the green transition when it comes to storage of energy and forming the basis for sustainable fuels and materials. Alkaline water electrolysis plays a key role in this context, as the scale of implementation is not limited by the availability of scarce and expensive raw materials. Even though it is a mature technology, th

This paper introduces the use of a multi-zone modelling approach for analysing smoke spread in tunnels. The approach suggested in this paper is based on an existing model, i.e., the Multi-Zone Fire model developed for large spaces. The Multi-Zone Fire model has been adapted and modified for tunnel fire scenarios by including features that consider longitudinal ventilation flow, tunnel gradient and

INTRODUCTION: Treatment efficacy of reflex syncope is mainly related to the mechanism underlying syncope rather than its etiology or clinical presentation. The predominant mechanism underlying reflex syncope can be assigned to hypotensive or to bradycardic phenotypes.AREAS COVERED: Methodology and diagnostic criteria of the most useful tests for the identification of hypotensive and bradycardic ph

This themed journal issue provides many examples of ways forward in the study of death and memory in the Viking world. While all contributions demonstrate that there are exciting new ways to study remains from funerary contexts that focus on different forms of citation involving material culture and monuments, this article will very briefly discuss dimensions that have not been addressed here. Spe