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Orthogonal P-wave morphology has previously been described in different populations, but its relation to atrial size has not been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated whether atrial size affects P-wave morphology in athletes, who are known to have different degrees of atrial enlargement.
Mitochondrial abnormalities may be involved in PTSD, although few studies have examined this. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in blood cells is an emerging systemic index of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The present study assessed mtDNAcn in male combat-exposed veterans with PTSD compared to those without PTSD as well as its correlation with clinical scales.
In order to investigate whether c-Src is involved in carcinogenesis and progression of breast carcinoma, we examined the expression of activated c-Src in tissue sections from surgically resected human breast specimens. First, we confirmed the specificity of the antibody against activated c-Src (Clone 28) using six cell lines established from human breast carcinomas by western blotting. As expected
An important signal involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is transduced through the action of a lysosomal acid, glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase. We investigated the Ca2+ dependency of this enzyme activity in relation to insulin release. In isolated islets, increased levels of extracellular Ca2+ induced a large increase in acid glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase activity accompanied by a similar
Dynorphin B (dyn B) in trigeminal ganglion cells and in perivascular nerve fibers in pial arteries was demonstrated in rat, guinea-pig, and monkey by immunohistochemistry. The pathway from the trigeminal ganglion, which runs via the nasociliary nerve and ethmoidal foramen to the pial arteries, was shown in rat by retrograde tracer technique and nerve section. In the guinea-pig the peptide was demo
Decision trees constructed by ID3-like algorithms suffer from an inability of detecting instances of categories not present in the set of training examples, i.e., they are discriminative representations. Instead, such instances are assigned to one of the classes actually present in the training set, resulting in undesired misclassifications. In this report, twomethods of reducing this problemby le
Endoderm development is an area of intense interest in developmental biology, but progress has been hampered by the lack of specific markers for differentiated endodermal cells. In an unbiased secretion cloning screen of Xenopus gastrula embryos we isolated a novel gene, designated Darmin. Darmin encodes a secreted protein of 56 kDa containing a peptidase M20 domain characteristic of the glutamate
Amplification and overexpression of the ERBB2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene has been implicated as contributing to the development of human breast cancer, and as a predictor of poor survival. In the present non-randomized study of 871 primary invasive breast tumours, ERBB2 activation was significantly correlated to a shorter disease-free and overall survival in the subgroup of patients receiving adjuvant t
Hand-held vibrating tools may result in neuromuscular dysfunction and vasospastic problems of the hand. Sensory and motor dysfunction can be explained by injury to peripheral structures, but could also be due to changes in cortical somatotopic mapping of the hand in the brain. The purpose of the present study was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess the somatotopic cortica
There is some evidence that birth weight is associated with breast cancer. Whether this association differs between premenopausal and postmenopausal ages is still unclear. The results from this study suggest that higher birth weight is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (OR 1.06, CI 1.00-1.12, per 100 g), independent of selected early-life and adult factors.
Covalent attachment of heme to apocytochromes c in bacteria occurs on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane and requires two reduced cysteinyls at the heme binding site. A constructed ResA-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain was found to lack c-type cytochromes. Cytochrome c synthesis was restored in the mutant by: (i) in trans expression of resA; (ii) deficiency in BdbD, a thioldisulfide oxidore
Introduction Basal-phenotype or basal-like breast cancers are characterized by basal epithelium cytokeratin (CK5/14/17) expression, negative estrogen receptor ( ER) status and distinct gene expression signature. We studied the clinical and biological features of the basal-phenotype tumors determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and cDNA microarrays especially within the ER-negative subgroup. Meth
Our aim was to quantify the intestinal metabolic fate of dietary alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG). Female pigs In = 6; 21 d old) were implanted with arterial, venous, portal and gastric catheters and an ultrasonic portal flow probe and fed a corn and soybean meal-based diet. On (t)he day of the experiment, the pigs received a 4-h intragastric infusion of sodium AKG at a rate equivalent to 0, 2.5, 5 or 10
Polyamines are necessary for tumour cell growth. Inhibition of endogenous polyamine biosynthesis results in compensatory up-regulation of polyamine uptake. Here, the combined effect of suramin and the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) on human carcinoma cell proliferation was studied. Suramin selectively inhibited the growth of tumour cells made dependent on ext
Case studies have claimed that private consumption growth is higher during fiscal contractions due to the very fact that government spending is cut. Indeed, neoclassical theory has this implication. This paper uses regression analysis of a panel of 19 OECD countries and shows that this is not true in general. On the contrary, contraction (expansion) periods experience lower (higher) private consum
