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In this work, a mini-CAST soot generator was used to produce soot with different optical and physicochemical characteristics. Absorption Ångström exponents (AAE) expressing the absorption wavelength dependence were assessed by multiwavelength in-situ and filter-based (aethalometer) laser extinction. The two optical techniques showed good agreement. For the chosen mini-CAST operating conditions, AA
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes which is first recognised during pregnancy. In the county of Skåne in Southern Sweden, over 2% of all pregnancies are complicated by GDM, a number that is generally several times higher worldwide. Women with GDM during pregnancy are at risk of developing GDM anew in subsequent pregnancies, but also have an increased risk of developing postp
Background: Liver resection for colorectal liver metastases offers a 5-year survival rate of 25%–58%. This study aimed to analyze whether patients with colorectal liver metastases undergo resection to an equal extent and whether selection factors play a role in the selection process. Material and Methods: Data were retrieved from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry (2007–2011) for colorectal ca
Naturvetenskap, teknik, ingenjörsvetenskap och matematik, på engelska ofta grupperade under akronymen STEM, är traditionellt mansdominerade områden. Särskilt inom ingenjörsvetenskap och teknologi är kvinnor fortfarande kraftigt underrepresenterade. Bristen på kvinnor inom STEM innebär utmaningar i att möta arbetsmarknadens behov, för produktkvalitet på grund av brist på olika perspektiv i designprScience, technology, engineering and mathematics, often grouped under the acronym STEM, are traditionally male dominated fields. Especially in engineering and technology, women continue to be heavily underrepresented. The lack of women in STEM poses challenges for meeting the labor market demands, for product quality due to a lack of diverse perspectives in the design process, and for gender equal
How we teach is strongly influenced by the culture we teach in, especially what (we believe) our colleagues think is good and acceptable. Understanding the reluctance to changes in teaching practice, including fear of disapproval from colleagues and students, investigating and reappraising those fears, and starting to talk about alternative interpretations is a first step towards overcoming the in
Precise knowledge of the temperature during cutting processes is of high interest as the temperature of a cutting tool dictates the performance, and for the workpiece it controls the quality and integrity of the generated surface. For the first time, in this study, a novel technique has been developed utilizing phosphor thermometry for 2D surface temperature measurement of a cutting tool in metal
BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of work absence globally. Digital interventions have the potential to increase access to self-management support for individuals with persistent LBP.OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of a digital educational program (MyRelief) designed to support self-management strategies for people with persiste
Introduction: Most cervical cancer cases in Sweden are diagnosed among women who have failed to attend screening. The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of offering vaginal HPV (human papillomavirus) self-samples to long-term non-attendees as a routine in this screening program, in which non-attendees had already been the targets of several interventions. Material and Methods
A solvent-free microextraction technique based on liquid-gas-liquid microextraction was investigated for the extraction and preconcentration of 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol from aqueous samples. In this study 16 mu L NaOH 1 M as acceptor phase was introduced in the lumen of a polypropylene hollow fiber, with one of its ends heat-sealed. A small piece (about 2 cm) of metallic wire was used to seal the
We prove a uniqueness result for autonomous divergence-free systems of ODE's in the plane and give an application to the study of water flows with vorticity.
Biogas is a renewable, high-quality fuel, currently produced at more than 200 locations in Sweden. The present production is some 5 PJ/year but the potential is approximately 10 times higher. Biogas can be produced from a wide range of raw materials, from organic waste to dedicated energy crops, and can be utilised for various energy services such as heat, combined heat and power or as a vehicle f
We present a validated protocol for manual segmentation of the thalamus on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using brain image analysis software. The MRI scans of five normal control subjects were randomly selected from a larger cohort recruited from Lund University Hospital and Landskrona Hospital, Sweden. MRIs were performed using a 3.0T Philips MR scanner, with an eight-channel
To assess older age as a prognostic factor in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital-cardiac arrest (OHCA) and the interaction between age and level of target temperature management.
Pain is a key unmet need and a major aspect of non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). No specific validated scales exist to identify and grade the various types of pain in PD. We report an international, cross-sectional, open, multicenter, one-point-in-time evaluation with retest study of the first PD-specific pain scale, the King's PD Pain Scale. Its seven domains include 14 items, each
Airway hyperreactivity (AHR) is a major feature of asthmatic and inflammatory airways. Cigarette smoke exposure, and bacterial and viral infections are well-known environmental risk factors for AHR, but knowledge about the underlying molecular mechanisms on how these risk factors lead to the development of AHR is limited. Activation of intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear
A majority of all infectious diseases manifest some climate-sensitivity. However, many of those sensitivities are not well understood as meteorological drivers of infectious diseases co-occur with other drivers exhibiting complex non-linear influences and feedback. This makes it hard to dissect their individual contributions. Here we apply a novel deep learning Explainable AI (XAI) compartment mod
Probabilistic models of imposed loads require adjustments to reflect current knowledge and experience. To do so, relevant data about their spatial and temporal variability must be collected. Structural Health Monitoring allows to estimate loads acting on bridges by measuring the relevant strains or deflections. Adapting this approach to buildings is not straightforward due to the increased complex
We have developed an in-situ method using sonication (3 mm probe sonicator, 30 W, 20 kHz) and auto-reduction (control) to study the mechanism of the formation of manganese dioxide (MnO2) on a solid template (silk film), and its resulting enzymatic activity on tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate. The fabrication of the silk film was first optimized for stability (no degradation) and optical transp
